Abstract:
:Phylogenetic analysis of partial env sequences of HIV-1 isolates from Cyprus and Greece suggested the existence of a distinct subtype of the virus, designated as I. We examined whether this subtype represents a distinct group, or a mosaic consisting of previously characterized subtypes. The full-length sequences under consideration were recovered from serum samples of "subtype I" obtained from two nonepidemiologically linked HIV-1-infected subjects in Greece. The first subject was an intravenous drug user (IDU), while the second was a vertically infected child born in 1984 whose parents were both IDUs. A variety of methods, such as diversity plots as well as phylogenetic and informative site analyses, were used to classify the DNA sequences. Subsequent detailed analysis revealed a unique genomic organization composed of alternating portions of subtypes A, G, and I. The two Greek isolates formed a distinct group in most of the pol, gp120, and gp41 regions, and in the vif/vpr, vpu, LTR, and 5' terminus of nef. In contrast, different parts of env and gag as well as the 3' pol region, and the first exons of tat and rev, appeared to have arisen from subtypes A and G. Our results indicate that subtype I, which was probably circulating in Greece in the early 1980s, is a triple mosaic consisting of A, G, and I sequences.
journal_name
AIDS Res Hum Retrovirusesjournal_title
AIDS research and human retrovirusesauthors
Nasioulas G,Paraskevis D,Magiorkinis E,Theodoridou M,Hatzakis Adoi
10.1089/088922299310836subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-05-20 00:00:00pages
745-58issue
8eissn
0889-2229issn
1931-8405journal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The U.S. military represents a unique population within the human immunodeficiency virus 1 (HIV-1) pandemic. The last comprehensive study of HIV-1 in members of the U.S. Navy and Marine Corps (Sea Services) was completed in 2000, before large-scale combat operations were taking place. Here, we present molecular charac...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2013.0087
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The incidence of anal cancer is increased in HIV-infected patients compared with the general population. Risk factors associated with the anal cancer precursor, high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL), have not been extensively studied in an urban black population with late-stage HIV disease. We performed a ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2018.0008
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human T lymphotropic virus type I trans-activator Tax protein regulates expression of several cellular genes that are involved in cellular activation, proliferation, and transformation. Tax mediates its regulatory activity through interaction with cellular transcription factors such as members of the cAMP-responsive e...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922299310728
更新日期:1999-06-10 00:00:00
abstract::The use of ritonavir as a protease inhibitor boost is rare in sub-Saharan Africa because a heat-stable formula is not available. We report the results of an open-label pilot trial with unboosted atazanavir in combination with lamivudine and didanosine as first-line therapy conducted in Senegal. Treatment-naive HIV-1 i...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2009.0123
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated in utero human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) transmission by analyzing human fetal tissues for the presence of viral DNA by means of the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Thirty three fetal samples: thymus, spleen, and peripheral mononuclear blood cells (PMBC) were obtained at abortion (16 ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1991.7.337
更新日期:1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Even in the setting of maximally suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART), HIV persists indefinitely. Several mechanisms might contribute to this persistence, including chronic inflammation and immune dysfunction. In this study, we have explored a preclinical model for the evaluation of potential interventions that mi...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2012.0162
更新日期:2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study investigated the immunological pathogenesis of immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS) in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) patients undergoing highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). A total of 238 patients with AIDS who received initial HAART were included in this prospecti...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2014.0106
更新日期:2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current recommendations indicate the use of HIV-1 drug resistance genotyping in the treatment of HIV-1 infection, primarily on treatment failure, and in specific instances also before the initiation of therapy. As such, HIV-1 genotyping is becoming a standard of care parameter in HIV-1 treatment monitoring and a rapid...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922202753472801
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Therapeutic vaccination has the potential to contribute to functional HIV cure strategies. However, to show functional HIV cure, study participants must be taken off combination antiretroviral therapy (cART). The availability of suitable biomarkers that can predict viral load (VL) or CD4 count outcomes following thera...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1089/AID.2017.0179
更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::High-resolution structures have revealed major pockets in the MHC class II peptide binding groove within a region designated Pl-P9. The region can accommodate 9-mer peptides, consistent with the observation that minimal core helper T (Th) cell determinants are usually eight or nine residues in size. Here we describe m...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922202320567888
更新日期:2002-10-10 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) spends a significant part of its life cycle as latent provirus in nonactivated cells. It induction requires mitogen stimulation. TPA treatment induces HIV-1 transcription by protein kinase C (PKC)-mediated activation of the cellular transcription factor NF-kB. PKC activation...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.245
更新日期:1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Circulating HIV antigens and HIV specific antibodies in sera of experimentally infected chimpanzees were monitored by ELISA immunoassay, Western blot, and radioimmunoprecipitation procedures. Three of three chimpanzees given plasma from patients with AIDS or ARC tested positive for HIV antigens beginning six to ten we...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1987.3.375
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the phylogeny of HIV-1 subtype F viruses from children and adults in Romania in order to (1) clarify whether the Romanian subtype F epidemic was caused by one or several virus introductions and (2) gain insight into the route of spread of the HIV-1 subtype F virus among children and adults in Romania. env (...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/088922200309205
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied the ability of several polyionic compounds, previously shown to have activity in vitro against human immunodeficiency virus (anti-HIV) to block binding of anti-CD4 and recombinant HIV gp120 to the CD4 receptor on human lymphocytes. We found that Evans blue and aurin tricarboxylic acid could completely inhib...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1990.6.1125
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::High level of HIV prevalence was found in some specific areas or populations in China. Shijingshan district was one of the areas with rapid increase of newly reported HIV cases in Beijing, China. Comprehensive investigation on HIV genetic characteristics is necessary in the district. In this study, we enrolled 223 new...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2018.0263
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV was first described in Kenya in 1984-1985. Currently, Kenya has an estimated HIV-1 prevalence of 6.2%. With the introduction of antiretroviral drugs, the survival of most HIV patients has been prolonged markedly. However, this is greatly threatened by increasing rates of antiretroviral dug resistance, which may ev...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2015.0026
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The conditioned medium of a HTLV-I-carrying T cell line HUT-102 showed cytotoxic activity against a mouse fibroblast cell line L-M. We prepared the cDNA library from HUT-102 poly(A)+ RNA and screened it using oligonucleotide probes that correspond to the amino acid sequences conserved in tumor necrosis factor (TNF) an...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1989.5.663
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations into the use of baboons as organ donors for human transplant recipients, a procedure called xenotransplantation, have raised the specter of transmitting baboon viruses to humans and possibly establishing new human infectious diseases. Retrospective analysis of tissues from two human transplant recipient...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1998.14.821
更新日期:1998-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A strain of mouse transgenic for the env gene of the HIV-1 virus was used to study the immunogenicity of a gp160-derived vaccine (the protein encoded by the HIV env gene) and its effect on disease progression. Untreated transgenic mice frequently developed a rapidly progressive renal disease similar to that affecting ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1993.9.979
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::HGP-30-KLH vaccine in alum at doses of 10, 25, 50, and 100 micrograms/kg administered intramuscularly at weeks 0, 4, and 10 appear well-tolerated clinically. Local pain at the injection site, appears to be the main clinical toxicity. Laboratory parameters are not affected by administration of the vaccine candidate exc...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1089/aid.1992.8.1321
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::HIV-1 genital shedding is associated with increased HIV-1 transmission risk. Inflammation and ulceration are associated with increased shedding, while highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been shown to have a protective effect. We sought to examine the impact of cervical biopsies, a routine component of ce...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2012.0341
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Abstract We assessed the viral envelope (V3-V5 region) sequence diversity from 13 HIV-1-infected Indian children from north India. All of the 13 children were found to be infected with subtype C viruses. One of the viral sequences exhibited usage of the CXCR4 coreceptor predicted by Web PSSM and Geno2pheno tools. Th...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2011.0206
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare the extent of resistance to antiretroviral (ARV) drugs among the population in Mexico before and after 2005. The mutations and drug resistance database of Stanford University were used for analyzing drug resistance tests that had been performed on HIV treatment-naive patients. The ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/AID.2016.0143
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The function of the p12(I) protein of human T cell lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I) has been under debate. p12K (lysine) and p12R (arginine) variants of this protein at amino acid 88 and a shorter life of p12K had been reported by another group. Because HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2004.20.1092
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We generated DNA constructs expressing soluble truncated forms of the envelope of SF162, a neutralization-resistant primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 isolate, and SF162AV2, a neutralization-susceptible virus derived from SF162 after the deletion of 30 amino acids from the V2 loop. The constructs express the ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/08892220050058407
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seroprevalence and the occurrence of an HIV-1 subtype was assessed in blood samples of the Tiriyo tribe. Antibody was found in 0.6% and the molecular analysis of the pro region detected the emergence of a subtype B for the first time in a native Indian tribe of the Amazon region of Brazil. ...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2006.22.1267
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We sought to determine the frequency and profile of HIV-1 BF recombinants in vitro and in vivo. Laboratory HIV-1 strains from subtypes B and F were cocultured and evaluated. Clinical samples from the city of Santos, Brazil, where the first HIV-1 B/F circulating recombinant forms (CRF) were described, were also assesse...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2010.0023
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have used a panel of anti-gp160 MAbs to construct anti-HIV immunotoxins by coupling antibodies to ricin A chain (RAC). The ability of the immunotoxins to kill HIV-1-infected cells and halt the spread of infection was tested in tissue culture on persistently and acutely infected cell lines and primary lymphocyte cul...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.1996.12.1041
更新日期:1996-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Human immunodeficiency virus type-1 (HIV-1) is a leading cause of mortality and morbidity in the world, with almost 46 million people infected globally. HIV-1 subtype C accounts for 55% of these infections. In Zambia, the majority of HIV-1 infections are subtype C. However, to its north most countries have non-subtype...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2005.21.901
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six morphine-dependent and three control macaques were infected with a mixture of SIV/SHIV. Half of the animals in the morphine group developed accelerated disease (rapid progressor) and died within 20 weeks postinfection. The evolution of the envelope gene in the brain of the rapid progressor and morphine-dependent g...
journal_title:AIDS research and human retroviruses
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1089/aid.2008.0279
更新日期:2009-05-01 00:00:00