Lupus nephritis: update on pathogenesis and disease mechanisms.

abstract：:IgA nephropathy is one of the most common causes of glomerulonephritis in the world and is characterized histologically by the deposition of polymeric forms of IgA within the mesangium and in some cases along the glomerular capillary wall.(1) Proliferative and crescenteric forms of IgA are associated with nephrotic ra...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Tumlin JA,Hennigar RA

更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cerebrovascular disease and stroke are very common at all stages of chronic kidney disease (CKD), likely representing both shared risk factors as well as synergy among risk factors. More subtle ischemic brain lesions may be particularly common in the CKD population, with subtle manifestations including cognitive impai...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Dad T,Weiner DE

更新日期：2015-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic kidney disease-mineral and bone disorder (CKD-MBD) is characterized by bone abnormalities, vascular calcification, and an array of laboratory abnormalities. The latter classically include disturbances in the parathyroid hormone/vitamin D axis. More recently, fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) and klotho also ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Evenepoel P,Rodriguez M,Ketteler M

更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent new insights into the determinants of the plasma water sodium concentration ([Na(+)](pw)) have played an important role in advancing our understanding of the pathogenesis and treatment of the dysnatremias. Central to these recent advances is the recognition of the full significance of the Edelman equation disco...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Nguyen MK

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amiloride is a prototypic inhibitor of epithelial sodium channels. Rapid progress has been made in our understanding of the structure of the sodium channel and related cation-selective channels. This work, coupled with experiments examining how selected sodium channel mutations affect amiloride binding, provides criti...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Kleyman TR,Sheng S,Kosari F,Kieber-Emmons T

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:IgA nephropathy (IgAN), a common primary glomerulonephritis worldwide, is associated with a substantial risk of progression to end-stage renal failure. The disease runs a highly variable clinical course with frequent involvement of tubulointerstitial damage. A subgroup of IgAN with proximal tubular epithelial cells (P...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Leung JCK,Lai KN,Tang SCW

更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sphingolipids, including ceramides, glycosphingolipids, sphingomyelin, and sphingosine-1-phosphate, have been recognized as important molecules that regulate critical cellular functions. Although originally studied in the context of lysosomal storage diseases, the roles of these compounds in more common disorders invo...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Shayman JA

更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Diuretics commonly are administered in disorders of sodium balance. Loop diuretics inhibit the Na-K-2Cl transporter and also increase calcium excretion. They are often used in the treatment of hypercalcemia. Thiazide diuretics block the thiazide-sensitive NaCl transporter in the distal convoluted tubule, and can decre...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Grieff M,Bushinsky DA

更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acute kidney injury (AKI) is common in the setting of shock. Hemodynamic instability is a risk factor for the development of AKI, and pathophysiological mechanisms include loss of renal perfusion pressure and impaired microcirculation. Although restoration of mean arterial pressure (MAP) may mitigate the risk of AKI t...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Busse LW,Ostermann M

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Long-term continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) often causes peritoneal fibrosis and sclerosis with a loss of function, and some CAPD patients develop sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis. Glucose-based peritoneal dialysis fluids readily produce glucose degradation products by heat sterilization, and glucos...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Nakamura S,Niwa T

更新日期：2004-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By analogy to the findings with other transport disorders such as Bartter's or Liddle's syndrome, it might be expected that the various forms of renal tubular acidosis (RTA) could result from defects in H-ATPase or H-K-ATPase. However, the available data do not yet support such a simple explanation. With regard to dis...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Mujais SK

更新日期：1998-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Kidney Early Evaluation Program (KEEP) is a free, community-based, kidney disease screening program designed to detect chronic kidney disease (CKD) early and promote follow-up evaluation with clinicians to ultimately improve outcomes. This program screens individuals with diabetes, hypertension, or those with a fi...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Vassalotti JA,Li S,McCullough PA,Bakris GL

更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Effectiveness of antihypertensive agents is assessed not only by systemic blood pressure levels, but by multiple parameters that reflect specific organ functions. Among antihypertensive agents, those which inhibit angiotensin actions show particular efficacy in ameliorating end organ damage. This efficacy likely refle...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Fogo A,Kon V

更新日期：1996-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kidney function declines with age in association with the development of age-associated glomerulosclerosis. The well-established structural and functional changes with age are reviewed briefly. The modification of aging pathology by calorie restriction is discussed. The role of the podocyte as a critical cell in the a...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Wiggins J

更新日期：2009-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is a systemic autoimmune disorder characterized by a combination of arterial and/or venous thrombosis, pregnancy morbidity, and the persistent presence of circulating antiphospholipid antibodies (aPL). APS has been described as primary APS when it occurs in the absence of any featur...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Sciascia S,Baldovino S,Schreiber K,Solfietti L,Roccatello D

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mortality of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, including those receiving long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD), has remained unacceptably high owing to the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. It is well recognized that both traditional Framingham risk factors and kidney disease-related risk factors may contr...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Wang AY

更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Vascular remodeling and hypertrophy-hyperplasia of the heart and kidney are the hallmarks of hypertensions, being involved in the long-term maintenance of elevated blood pressure and the development of cardiovascular and renal hypertension. Both augmented proliferation and unscheduled programmed cell death (apoptosis)...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Orlov SN,Tremblay J,Deblois D,Hamet P

更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Stephen Hales was the first to measure blood pressure directly in the horse (1733), and the definitive studies on human nephrins by Richard Bright followed much later (1836). The relation between high blood pressure and renal disease was established by Mahomed (1872). The discovery of renin and its possible link with ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Peart S

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic kidney disease, defined as reduced glomerular filtration rate (estimated using serum creatinine- and/or serum cystatin C-based equations) or excess urinary protein excretion, affects approximately 13% of adult Americans and is linked to a variety of clinical complications. Although persons with end-stage renal...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Go AS

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Early diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI) is an important step to improve AKI outcome. In Asia, several distinct conditions of this region such as environment (tropical climate), socioeconomic status (high-resource and low-resource settings), process of care (shortage of nephrologists), exposure factors (specific t...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Srisawat N,Lumlertgul N,Kulvichit W,Thamrongsat N,Peerapornratana S,Eiam-Ong S,Tungsanga K

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recent breakthroughs in genomics have led to a critical reappraisal of factors once thought to initiate common complex forms of kidney disease. The tenet that diabetes mellitus and hypertension routinely initiate kidney disease whenever blood glucose concentrations or systemic blood pressures reach critical levels for...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Freedman BI,Parekh RS,Kao WH

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite intensive research over the past three decades, the events leading to pathogenic autoantibody production and immune deposit formation in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus continues to be debated. The controversy is fueled by the clinical observations that individual patients with lupus have variabl...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Madaio MP

更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There are several published series of pregnancy in patients with nonimmunoglobulin A mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis (most of whom have thin basement membrane nephropathy [TBMN]). The aim of the present study was to review the maternal and fetal outcomes of pregnancy in women with TBMN. The medical and obst...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Packham D

更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antineutrophil cytoplasmic autoantibodies (ANCA) are the likely cause for necrotizing small-vessel vasculitis and crescentic glomerulonephritis. Unlike other forms of crescentic glomerulonephritis induced by immune complexes or anti-glomerular basement membrane antibodies that have conspicuous vessel wall immunoglobul...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Charles Jennette J,Xiao H,Hu P

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Monocytes/macrophages and activated (but not resting) lymphocytes as well as certain subsets of thymocytes express the VDR. This protein is indistinguishable from the classical 50-kDa VDR and is encoded by an mRNA with identical nucleotide sequence to that of the human intestinal VDR. Acting via the VDR, 1,25(OH)2D3 m...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Manolagas SC,Yu XP,Girasole G,Bellido T

更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The complement system consists of 3 pathways and more than 30 proteins, including those with biological activity that directly or indirectly mediate the effects of this system, plus a set of regulatory proteins necessary to prevent injudicious complement activation on host tissue. The role for complement in the pathog...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Bao L,Quigg RJ

更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The renal biopsy provides critical diagnostic and prognostic information to clinicians including cases of acute kidney injury, chronic kidney disease, and allograft dysfunction. Today, biopsy specimens are read using a combination of light microscopy, electron microscopy, and indirect immunofluorescence, with a limite...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Malone AF,Wu H,Humphreys BD

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Blood pressure increases with age in all US population groups that have been studies, but does so faster in African Americans. Evidence from extensive microscopic renal vascular studies at autopsy supports the view that blood pressure increases with age because of progressive fibroplasia of renal interlobular arteries...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Tracy RE

更新日期：1996-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:As kidney function declines, chronic kidney disease (CKD) becomes an increasingly systemic disorder. Most patients with CKD eventually develop subclinical or clinical abnormalities in bone and mineral metabolism. Recent observational and basic scientific studies have led to a new emphasis on the changes in phosphorus ...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Williams ME

更新日期：2009-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Goodpasture (GP) syndrome is a form of anti-glomerular basement membrane (GBM) disease, in which autoantibodies bind to alpha3(IV) collagen in GBM causing rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis and pulmonary hemorrhage. The conformational GP epitopes have been mapped to 2 regions within the noncollagenous (NC1) domain...

journal_title：Seminars in nephrology

authors： Borza DB,Neilson EG,Hudson BG

更新日期：2003-11-01 00:00:00