Abstract:
:The changes in motility, chemotactic responsiveness, and flagellation of Rhizobium meliloti RMB7201, L5-30, and JJ1c10 were analyzed after transfer of the bacteria to buffer with no available C, N, or phosphate. Cells of these three strains remained viable for weeks after transfer to starvation buffer (SB) but lost all motility within just 8 to 72 h after transfer to SB. The rates of motility loss differed by severalfold among the strains. Each strain showed a transient, two- to sixfold increase in chemotactic responsiveness toward glutamine within a few hours after transfer to SB, even though motility dropped substantially during the same period. Strains L5-30 and JJ1c10 also showed increased responsiveness to the nonmetabolizable chemoattractant cycloleucine. Cycloleucine partially restored the motility of starving cells when added after transfer and prevented the loss of motility when included in the SB used for initial suspension of the cells. Thus, interactions between chemoattractants and their receptors appear to affect the regulation of motility in response to starvation independently of nutrient or energy source availability. Electron microscopic observations revealed that R. meliloti cells lost flagella and flagellar integrity during starvation, but not as fast, nor to such a great extent, as the cells lost motility. Even after prolonged starvation, when none of the cells were actively motile, about one-third to one-half of the initially flagellated cells retained some flagella. Inactivation of flagellar motors therefore appears to be a rapid and important response of R. meliloti to starvation conditions. Flagellar-motor inactivation was at least partially reversible by addition of either cycloleucine or glucose. During starvation, some cells appeared to retain normal flagellation, normal motor activity, or both for relatively long periods while other cells rapidly lost flagella, motor activity, or both, indicating that starvation-induced regulation of motility may proceed differently in various cell subpopulations.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Wei X,Bauer WDdoi
10.1128/AEM.64.5.1708-1714.1998subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-05-01 00:00:00pages
1708-14issue
5eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
64pub_type
杂志文章abstract::To investigate the microbiology and epidemiology of the 1,700 sporadic cases of listeriosis that occur annually in the United States, we developed a multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MEE) typing system for Listeria monocytogenes. We studied 390 isolates by MEE. Eighty-two electrophoretic types (ETs) were defined. Two...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.7.2133-2141.1990
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heavy metal resistance by bacteria is a topic of much importance to the bioremediation of contaminated soils and sediments. We report here the isolation of a highly cadmium-resistant Klebsiella planticola strain, Cd-1, from reducing salt marsh sediments. The strain grows in up to 15 mM CdCl(2) under a wide range of Na...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.7.3083-3087.2000
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::A colorimetric assay for NADPH-dependent, mercuric ion-specific oxidoreductase activity was developed to facilitate the investigation of mercuric reductase gene expression in polluted aquatic ecosystems. Protein molecules extracted directly from unseeded freshwater and samples seeded with Pseudomonas aeruginosa PU21 (...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.2.695-702.1998
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fructansucrase enzymes polymerize the fructose moiety of sucrose into levan or inulin fructans, with beta(2-6) and beta(2-1) linkages, respectively. The probiotic bacterium Lactobacillus johnsonii strain NCC 533 possesses a single fructansucrase gene (open reading frame AAS08734) annotated as a putative levansucrase p...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00377-08
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serratia marcescens incubated for 8 h at 31 degrees C in a chemically defined medium contained in shake flasks was aerosolized into rotating-drum aerosol chambers at 30 degrees C and saturated humidity. Cells furnished tryptone (Difco) and glycerol just before aerosolization increased (in viable numbers and countable ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.5.924-927.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We previously published a genetic map of Gibberella zeae (Fusarium graminearum sensu lato) based on a cross between Kansas strain Z-3639 (lineage 7) and Japanese strain R-5470 (lineage 6). In this study, that genetic map was aligned with the third assembly of the genomic sequence of G. zeae strain PH-1 (lineage 7) usi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01866-07
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the contribution of Bacteria to bioremediation of oil-contaminated shorelines is well established, the response of Archaea to spilled oil and bioremediation treatments is unknown. The relationship between archaeal community structure and oil spill bioremediation was examined in laboratory microcosms and in a bio...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.5.2614-2620.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial growth in biofilms is the major cause of recalcitrant biofouling in industrial processes and of persistent infections in clinical settings. The use of bacteriophage treatment to lyse bacteria in biofilms has attracted growing interest. In particular, many natural or engineered phages produce depolymerases to...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01434-14
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Streptococcus thermophilus is a facultative anaerobic bacterium that has the ability to grow and survive in aerobic environments, but the mechanism for this remains unclear. In this study, the efeB gene, encoding a dye-decolorizing peroxidase, was identified in the genome of Streptococcus thermophilus CGMCC 7.179, and...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01300-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of various subsets of poultry intestinal microbiota to protect turkeys from colonization by Campylobacter jejuni was investigated. Community subsets were generated in vivo by inoculation of day-old poults with the cecal contents of a Campylobacter-free adult turkey, followed by treatment with one antimicro...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00678-10
更新日期:2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Clostridium perfringens food poisoning is caused mainly by enterotoxigenic type A isolates that typically possess high spore heat resistance. Previous studies have shown that alpha/beta-type small, acid-soluble proteins (SASP) play a major role in the resistance of Bacillus subtilis and C. perfringens spores to moist ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00169-08
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Arthrobacter oxydans HAP-1 hyperproduces DL-alanine in a non-growth-associated manner. We found that decreased activities of pyruvate dehydrogenase and of the enzyme catalyzing NADH oxidation in the stationary phase are paralleled by a shift of pyruvate metabolism to alanine synthesis by L-alanine dehydrogenase. We pr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.6.2781-2783.1999
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nutristat, a substrate concentration-controlled continuous culture, was used to grow pentachlorophenol (PCP)-degrading microorganisms. The PCP concentration control system consisted of on-line measurement of the PCP concentration in the culture vessel with a tangential filter and a flowthrough spectrophotometer. W...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.10.3373-3377.1993
更新日期:1993-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Between November 2002 and April 2003, 244 bottles and cartons of commercially pasteurized cow's milk were obtained at random from retail outlets throughout the Czech Republic. During the same period, samples of raw milk and of milk that was subsequently subjected to a minimum of 71.7 degrees C for 15 s in a local past...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.3.1210-1214.2005
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microbial transformation of lapachol, a naturally occurring naphthoquinone, was carried out by Curvularia lunata (NRRL 2178). The fungus brings about oxidative cyclization of the substrate to dehydro-alpha-lapachone, which was isolated and characterized by nuclear magnetic resonance and mass spectral analyses; its str...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.38.2.311-313.1979
更新日期:1979-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Geobacter sulfurreducens PCA completely oxidized lactate and reduced iron or an electrode, producing pyruvate and acetate intermediates. Compared to the current produced by Shewanella oneidensis MR-1, G. sulfurreducens PCA produced 10-times-higher current levels in lactate-fed microbial electrolysis cells. The kinetic...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06434-11
更新日期:2011-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Lipopolysaccharides (LPS) were isolated from four species of cyanobacteria (Anabaena flos-aquae UTEX 1444. A. cylindrica, Oscillatoria tenuis, and O. brevis) frequently occurring in drinking-water supplies. The cyanobacterial LPS contained glucose, xylose, mannose, and rhamnose, but differed from the LPS derived from ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.43.1.104-109.1982
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population dynamics of pseudomonads in gilt-head sea bream Mediterranean fish (Sparus aurata) stored under different conditions were studied. Phenotypic analysis and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of whole-cell proteins were performed to identify a total of 106 Pseudomonas strains isolat...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.68.1.65-72.2002
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most denitrifiers produce nitrous oxide (N(2)O) instead of dinitrogen (N(2)) under aerobic conditions. We isolated and characterized novel aerobic denitrifiers that produce low levels of N(2)O under aerobic conditions. We monitored the denitrification activities of two of the isolates, strains TR2 and K50, in batch an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.6.3152-3157.2003
更新日期:2003-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article on p. 1580 in vol. 58.]. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pure cultures of Escherichia coli and Streptococcus faecalis and environmental water samples were examined for the possibility that pollution involving organotin compounds could decrease the values for indicator organisms when standard methods were applied to the analysis of water samples. (CH3)2SnCl2 and (CH3)3SnCl d...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.3.562-566.1986
更新日期:1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protein content of once-washed pellets of Dunaliella primalecta was 35 to 48%. Protein quality was good. Electron microscopy confirmed the absence of a cell wall. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.4.602-604.1976
更新日期:1976-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the increasing knowledge of Synechococcus spp. and their co-occurring cyanophages in oceanic and coastal water, little is known about their abundance, distribution, and interactions in the Chesapeake Bay estuarine ecosystem. A 5-year interannual survey shows that Synechococcus spp. and their phages are persist...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00267-11
更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To enhance food safety and stability, the food industry tends to use natural antimicrobials such as plant-derived compounds as an attractive alternative to chemical preservatives. Nonetheless, caution must be exercised in light of the potential for bacterial adaptation to these molecules, a phenomenon previously obser...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01480-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The composition of predominant soil bacteria during grassland succession was investigated in the Dutch Drentse A area. Five meadows, taken out of agricultural production at different time points, and one currently fertilized plot represented different stages of grassland succession. Since fertilization and agricultura...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.9.3998-4003.2000
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We characterized the intracellular symbiotic microbiota of the bamboo pseudococcid Antonina crawii by performing a molecular phylogenetic analysis in combination with in situ hybridization. Almost the entire length of the bacterial 16S rRNA gene was amplified and cloned from A. crawii whole DNA. Restriction fragment l...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.66.2.643-650.2000
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current agricultural practices involve inclusion of antimicrobials in animal feed and result in manure containing antimicrobials and antimicrobial-resistant microorganisms. This work evaluated the effects of land application of swine manure on the levels of tetracycline, macrolide, and lincosamide antimicrobials and o...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02183-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated previously unknown associations between bacterial endosymbionts and bat flies of the subfamily Nycterophiliinae (Diptera, Streblidae). Molecular analyses revealed a novel clade of Gammaproteobacteria in Nycterophilia bat flies. This clade was not closely related to Arsenophonus-like microbes found in i...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02455-12
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Here we describe novel forms of structural integration between endo- and episymbiotic microbes and an unusual new species of snail from hydrothermal vents in the Indian Ocean. The snail houses a dense population of gamma-proteobacteria within the cells of its greatly enlarged esophageal gland. This tissue setting diff...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.70.5.3082-3090.2004
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Soils harbor enormously diverse bacterial populations, and soil bacterial communities can vary greatly in composition across space. However, our understanding of the specific changes in soil bacterial community structure that occur across larger spatial scales is limited because most previous work has focused on eithe...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00335-09
更新日期:2009-08-01 00:00:00