Abstract:
:The aim of this in vitro study was to determine the effect of removal of the smear layer on canal obturation as measured by penetration of bacteria from a coronal direction. One hundred and twenty extracted human teeth with straight, single root canals were decoronated. The canals were prepared using the modified double-flared technique with balanced force under copious irrigation. The apical matrix was prepared to size 40 and apical patency subsequently confirmed with a size 15 file. The teeth were divided randomly into experimental groups (80 teeth) and control groups (40 teeth). The root canals of 40 experimental and 20 control teeth were rinsed with 40% citric acid and 2% NaOCl to remove the smear layer before obturation. In experimental groups, 20 teeth with smear layer intact and 20 teeth with smear layer removed were obturated with lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and Apexit sealer. A further 20 teeth with smear layer intact and 20 teeth with smear layer removed were obturated with the Trifecta technique with the same sealer. In control groups, 10 teeth with smear layer intact and 10 teeth with smear layer removed were obturated with lateral condensation of cold gutta-percha and Apexit sealer. These teeth were completely sealed both coronally and apically to serve as negative controls. The remaining 20 teeth with either smear layer intact or smear layer removed were not obturated and served as the positive controls. The root surface of each tooth was sealed with nail varnish. The cut end of a polypropylene tube was sealed around the coronal part of each root canal so that bacteria placed therein could move only through the obturated canal space. Each root was placed in a glass bottle containing sterile Todd-Hewitt Broth (THB) and aliquots of 0.5 ml of THB were injected into the polypropylene tube. The model system was centrifuged at 168 g. An innoculum of Streptococcus sanguis in THB was placed in each coronal chamber at 5-day intervals and daily observations were made for bacterial growth in the apical reservoir for 90 days. All positive control teeth showed bacterial penetration within 24 h, while the negative control teeth remained uncontaminated throughout the test period. Leakage through the experimental teeth was variable ranging from 7 to 86 days. There was no statistical significant difference (P > 0.05) in leakage between the obturated canal when the smear layer was either removed or intact.
journal_name
Int Endod Jjournal_title
International endodontic journalauthors
Chailertvanitkul P,Saunders WP,MacKenzie Ddoi
10.1111/j.1365-2591.1996.tb01376.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-07-01 00:00:00pages
242-8issue
4eissn
0143-2885issn
1365-2591journal_volume
29pub_type
杂志文章abstract:AIM:To investigate differences in the root canal morphology of permanent mandibular molar teeth at various ages. METHODOLOGY:Four hundred and eighty permanent mandibular first and second molars were examined. First and second molars were divided into six and five groups, respectively, according to the age of the patie...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01428.x
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of the present study was to evaluate the long-term sealing ability (both apical and coronal) of an epoxy resin root canal sealer (AH26) when used with different gutta-percha obturation techniques. METHODOLOGY:Straight single-rooted teeth with mature apices were divided into 10 groups of 75 teeth and one gr...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00481.x
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the percentage volume of voids within cement layers, to determine the push-out bond strength of circular and oval fibre posts luted with different commercial resin cements in oval cross-sectional root canals, and to correlate push-out bond strength values and volume of voids of circular and oval fibre p...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12568
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the influence of post design and roughness and cement system (dual- or self-cured) on the retention of glass fibre posts. METHODOLOGY:Two tapered and smooth posts (Exacto Cônico No. 2 and White Post No. 1) and two parallel-sided and serrated posts (Fibrekor 1.25 mm and Reforpost No. 2) were adhesively ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01681.x
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To describe unusual variations in the root morphology and root canal systems of mandibular first and second premolar teeth extracted for orthodontic reasons. SUMMARY:Normally mandibular first and second premolar teeth have single roots with single canals. A 15-year-old patient presented for orthodontic treatment a...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01451.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this study is to test the hypothesis that more patients with failed root-canal treatment or other endodontic problems are referred for periradicular surgery rather than nonsurgical re-treatment. METHODOLOGY:Three sets of 100 periapical radiographs representing typical cases referred for surgical treatme...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00510.x
更新日期:2002-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animal testing is crucial in situations when research on humans is not allowed because of unknown health risks and ethical concerns. The current project aims to develop reporting guidelines exclusively for animal studies in Endodontology, using an established consensus-based methodology. The guidelines have been named...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/iej.13477
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To assess the free available chlorine concentration (FAC), organic tissue dissolution, and smear layer removal capacity of sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) alone and when mixtured with etidronate (HEDP) and tetrasodium EDTA (Na4 EDTA), and heated to different temperatures. METHODOLOGY:Mixtures at 1:1 ratio of 5% NaOCl ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.13450
更新日期:2020-11-20 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this study was to determine the shaping ability of Quantec LX nickel-titanium rotary instruments in simulated root canals. METHODOLOGY:Forty simulated canals consisting of four different shapes in terms of angle and position of curvature were prepared with Quantec LX instruments. Sequential still images...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2000.00311.x
更新日期:2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the role of the Ca(2+) -Mg(2+) ion channel TRPM7 in the proliferation, migration and osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). METHODOLOGY:Immunohistochemistry was used to localize expression of TRPM7 in human dental pulp tissues and in cultured hDPSCs. Isolated hDPSCs wer...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12193
更新日期:2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To determine how instrument design affects the fatigue life of two nickel-titanium (Ni-Ti) rotary systems (Mtwo and ProTaper) under cyclic fatigue stress in simulated root canals. METHODOLOGY:Cyclic fatigue testing of instruments was performed in stainless steel artificial canals with radii of curvature of 2 or 5 ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01143.x
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the physicochemical and mechanical properties of Portland cement-based experimental sealers (ES) with different radiopacifying agents (zirconium oxide and niobium oxide micro- and nanoparticles) in comparison with the following conventional sealers: AH Plus, MTA Fillapex and Sealapex. METHODOLOGY:The m...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12167
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To perform multiparametric analysis of the effects of soya milk (SM), whole milk (WM) and Hank's balanced salt solution (HBSS) on the viability of fibroblasts (HGF). The study also aimed to evaluate the influence of these solutions on bovine root dentine according to OH- and PO43- on the surface. METHODOLOGY:The H...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12739
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare the shaping ability of ProTaper Next, iRaCe and Hyflex CM rotary NiTi files during the preparation of severely curved root canals in extracted human molar teeth. METHODOLOGY:Sixty mandibular molars with mesio-buccal canals having angles of curvature ranging from 25° to 35° were divided according to the ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12291
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the effects of bioactive glass S53P4 versus calcium hydroxide when used as dressings in contra-lateral human premolars infected with Enterococcus faecalis ATCC 29212. METHODOLOGY:Pairs of contra-lateral premolar teeth plus single control premolars were obtained from 23 individuals aged 10-26 years unde...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2006.01173.x
更新日期:2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To test the chemical-physical properties and apatite-forming ability of experimental fluoride-doped calcium silicate cements designed to create novel bioactive materials for use in endodontics and oral surgery. METHODOLOGY:A thermally treated calcium silicate cement (wTC) containing CaCl(2) 5%wt was modified by ad...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01907.x
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:The aim of this study was to determine the shaping ability of GT Rotary Files in simulated root canals. METHODOLOGY:Forty canals with four different shapes in terms of angle (40 degrees and 60 degrees) and position of curvature (straight section before curve: 8 and 12 mm) were prepared using a crown-down/stepback ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2591.2002.00540.x
更新日期:2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To analyse responses from dental practitioners (DPs) on how secure they felt as a newly graduated dentist, level of confidence or self-efficacy when performing root canal treatment (RCT), and if undergraduate (UG) education in Endodontics adequately met their needs in a dental practice. METHODOLOGY:An electronic q...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.13455
更新日期:2020-11-30 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate melatonin (MEL) levels in human dental pulp tissue (hDP) in type 2 diabetic (T2D) participants and the underlying molecular mechanisms of its effects in human dental pulp cells (hDPCs) under hyperglycaemia. METHODOLOGY:The study included 16 healthy and 16 T2D participants who underwent vital pulp ex...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12934
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:This randomized, double-blinded, clinical trial evaluated the effect of oral premedication of piroxicam, prednisolone, dexamethasone or placebo on postoperative pain after single-visit root canal treatment in teeth with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis and symptomatic apical periodontitis. METHODOLOGY:The trial i...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/iej.13416
更新日期:2021-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate and compare the canal shaping ability of BioRace, ProTaper NEXT and Genius engine-driven nickel-titanium (NiTi) file systems in extracted mandibular first molars using micro-computed tomography (MCT). METHODOLOGY:Sixty mesial root canals of mandibular first molars were randomly divided into three equal...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12961
更新日期:2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To evaluate the frequency of dentinal microcracks after ultrasonic removal of fractured files from the middle third of root canals using micro-computed tomography (micro-CT). METHODOLOGY:Eighteen bilaterally matched pairs of human mandibular incisors extracted for periodontal reasons were included. The matched pai...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12909
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the root form and canal morphology of mandibular first molar teeth in a Taiwan Chinese population. METHODOLOGY:A total of 183 mandibular first molars were collected and examined visually through a dissecting microscope after rendering the teeth transparent. The number of roots, number of canals and ...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2009.01619.x
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To present the successful endodontic and periodontal management of a two rooted maxillary lateral incisor tooth with a complex radicular lingual groove and severe periodontal destruction using spiral computed tomography as a diagnostic aid. SUMMARY:A 30-year-old male patient presented with a chief complaint of mob...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2011.01868.x
更新日期:2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To use micro-computed tomography (μ-CT) to evaluate the amount of calcium hydroxide [Ca(OH)2 ] remaining in the C-shaped root canals of mandibular second molars after attempting to remove it with passive ultrasonic and sonic irrigation. METHODOLOGY:Thirty mandibular second molars, 15 in C1 and 15 in C2 configurati...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12319
更新日期:2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the expression of high-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in human dental pulp tissues and the effects of HMGB1 on proliferation and odontoblastic differentiation of human dental pulp cells (hDPCs). METHODOLOGY:Immunohistochemical assay, immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometric analysis were used t...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12112
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare the centring ability and transportation of ProTaper Next (PTN), ProTaper Universal (PTU), Race 123 and RevoS using micro-computed tomography (μCT). METHODOLOGY:Sixty mesial root canals of thirty mandibular molars were divided virtually into coronal, middle and apical thirds, and two reproducible referen...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/iej.12658
更新日期:2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Microorganisms and their by-products are considered to be the major cause of pulp and periradicular pathosis. Hence, a major objective in root canal treatment is to disinfect the entire root canal system, which requires that all contents of the root canal system be eliminated as possible sources of infection. This goa...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2008.01540.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To compare root canal treatments performed before and after education in a nickel-titanium rotary technique (NiTiR) with respect to costs for instrumentation and number of instrumentation sessions in a County Public Dental Service in Sweden. METHODOLOGY: Following education, 77% of the general dental practitioner...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2591.2012.02019.x
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIM:To investigate the effect of medicaments used in endodontic regeneration on root fracture resistance and microhardness of radicular dentine. METHODOLOGY:The root canals of mandibular premolars (n = 180) were instrumented and randomized into three treatment groups and an untreated control group. Each treatment grou...
journal_title:International endodontic journal
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/iej.12046
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00