Abstract:
:Defensins are antibiotic peptides expressed in human and animal myeloid and epithelial cells. Due to the limited availability of natural peptides, the properties of human epithelial defensins have not been studied. We assayed the microbicidal activity of recombinant human intestinal defensin 5 (rHD-5) in the presence of salt (O to 150 mM NaCl) with varied pH (pH 5.5 to pH 8.5) and trypsin (25 and 250 microg/ml). rHD-5 exhibits microbicidal activity against Listeria monocytogenes, Escherichia coli, and Candida albicans. In contrast to cryptdins, the mouse intestinal defensins, rHD-5 is active against both mouse-virulent wild-type Salmonella typhimurium and its isogenic, mouse-avirulent phoP mutant. In the presence of salt, rHD-5 activity was reduced, and at 100 mM NaCl, activity against S. typhimurium was abolished. However, at all salt concentrations tested, rHD-5 remained bactericidal to L. monocytogenes. Activity against L. monocytogenes was not pH dependent but was diminished at pH 5.5 against wild-type S. typhimurium. This acid-induced resistance may have been mediated by the virulence gene regulator phoP, since the phoP mutant was equally sensitive at pH 5.5 and pH 7.4. In the presence of trypsin, rHD-5 was partially cleaved, but even then, rHD-5 at 100 microg/ml decreased the number of CFU of wild-type S. typhimurium by more than 99%. The persistence of microbicidal activity of rHD-5 under these conditions supports the notion that naturally occurring human intestinal defensin is an effective arm of mucosal host defense.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Porter EM,van Dam E,Valore EV,Ganz Tdoi
10.1128/IAI.65.6.2396-2401.1997subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-06-01 00:00:00pages
2396-401issue
6eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
65pub_type
杂志文章abstract::In meningococcal septic shock, the dominant inducer of inflammation is lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in the outer membrane of Neisseria meningitidis, while interleukin-10 (IL-10) is the principal anti-inflammatory cytokine. We have used microarrays and Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to study the global effects of IL-10 on gene...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00386-12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Platelet microbicidal proteins (PMPs) are small, cationic peptides which possess potent microbicidal activities against common bloodstream pathogens, such as Staphylococcus aureus. We previously showed that S. aureus strains exhibiting resistance to thrombin-induced PMP (tPMP-1) in vitro have an enhanced capacity to c...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.6.3548-3553.2000
更新日期:2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fimbriae, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and extracellular polymeric substance (EPS) all contribute to biofilm formation by the periodontopathogen Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans. To understand how individual biofilm determinants respond to changing environmental conditions, the transcription of genes responsible for...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00126-09
更新日期:2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Treatment of Rickettsia prowazekii-infected L929 cells with gamma interferon (IFN-gamma) immediately after infection altered the lipid metabolism of the host cells as determined by measurement of phospholipid hydrolysis and oleic acid incorporation into phospholipids and neutral lipids. At 48 h postinfection, there wa...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.61.8.3412-3415.1993
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::C-reactive protein (CRP) has long been known to appear in the sera of individuals with inflammatory processes, but its role in host defense against bacterial infection is unclear. We have recently demonstrated that CRP in the presence of the classical complement pathway markedly enhances the opsonization of Streptococ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.3.987-992.1982
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.1.6.587-594.1970
更新日期:1970-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.70.4.1791-1798.2002
更新日期:2002-04-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.9.3701-3707.1997
更新日期:1997-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.57.1.231-234.1989
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.50.1.142-145.1985
更新日期:1985-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.1.238-243.1985
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.41.3.1118-1131.1983
更新日期:1983-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Trypanosoma brucei subsp. brucei and T. congolense incubated in homologous antibody at 0 degrees C for 30 min were lysed by subsequent addition of guinea pig complement. Trypanosomes incubated in antibody at 37 degrees C before complement treatment remained intact. Parasites bearing adsorbed antibody also remained int...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.24.3.617-627.1979
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The kinetics of attachment and ingestion of Chlamydia trachomatis serotype L1 by monolayers of McCoy cells were studied by using a method that discriminated between attachment and uptake. When about 1% of the McCoy cells was infected, the proteinase K-resistant chlamydial fraction, regarded as ingested chlamydiae, rea...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.42.3.930-935.1983
更新日期:1983-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Shiga toxigenic Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are a diverse group of organisms capable of causing severe gastrointestinal disease in humans. Within the STEC family, eae-positive STEC strains, particularly those belonging to serogroups O157 and O111, appear to have greater virulence for humans. However, in spite of b...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.11.5930-5937.1999
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A significant clinical complication of pulmonary infections with Klebsiella pneumoniae is peripheral blood dissemination, resulting in a systemic infection concurrent with the localized pulmonary infection. In this context, little is known about the role of tumor necrosis factor receptor 1 (TNFR1)-mediated innate immu...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.4891-4900.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic resistance to lethal infection with Rickettsia tsutsugamushi was studied in over 30 inbred strains, inbred hybrids, and outbred stocks of mice. Inbred mice infected intraperitoneally with the Gilliam strain of R. tsutsugamushi showed three patterns of response: susceptible (A/HeJ, C3H/HeDub, C3H/HeJ, C3H/HeN, ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.19.2.583-588.1978
更新日期:1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Lyme disease spirochete, Borrelia burgdorferi, is introduced into human hosts via tick bites. Among the cell types present in the skin which may initially contact spirochetes are mast cells. Since spirochetes are known to activate a variety of cell types in vitro, we tested whether B. burgdorferi spirochetes could...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.3.1107-1115.1999
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania exist as obligatory intracellular amastigotes and invade macrophages and Langerhans cells, the dendritic cells of the skin. Langerhans cells are much more efficient in presenting Leishmania major antigen to T cells than macrophages are and have the unique ability to retain p...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.8.3444-3450.1997
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Antibody levels in sera and respiratory secretions and resistance to respiratory infections were examined in mice given live infuenza virus in small-particle (2 mum) aerosols, large-particle (10 mum) aerosols, intraperitoneally, and subcutaneously. After parenteral administration antibody was found primarily in the se...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.13.3.696-703.1976
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.68.3.1374-1382.2000
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.11.4460-4467.1997
更新日期:1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lungs of conventional rats with chronic pneumonia contained Streptobacillus moniliformis and Mycoplasma pulmonis. These organisms singly and in combination failed to produce lung disease when inoculated into specific pathogen-free rats. On the other hand, diseased lung homogenate not containing cultivable organism...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.6.1.83-91.1972
更新日期:1972-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.31.3.845-849.1981
更新日期:1981-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The antigenic cross-reactivity between Treponema pallidum and several pathogenic members of the family Spirochaetaceae was examined by sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blotting techniques. Blots of T. pallidum antigens were incubated with antiserum from rabbits infected or immunize...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.46.1.116-121.1984
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular pathogen that causes sexually transmitted disease. In women, chlamydial infections may cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID), ectopic pregnancy, and infertility. The role of antibodies in protection against a primary Chlamydia infection is unclear and was a focus of...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00413-20
更新日期:2020-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Some clinical strains of Vibrio cholerae non-O1 produce an extracellular factor that evokes a rapid and dramatic cytotoxic response which manifests as cell rounding of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) and HeLa cells without accompanying membrane damage. This study was performed to establish the identity of the non-membrane...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.64.8.3101-3108.1996
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Several monoclonal antibodies directed against gonococcal pili have been used to investigate the potential contribution of anti-pilus antibodies to host defense against gonococcal infection. Included were two antibodies (SM1 and SM2) which reacted with conserved determinants present on pili from all strains tested and...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.49.3.621-628.1985
更新日期:1985-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Group A streptococcal cell walls inhibited phagocytosis of polystyrene latex particles by rat peritoneal macrophages in vitro. This inhibition was not accompanied by a measurable loss of cell viability. Group D streptococcal cell walls were relatively ineffective in altering phagocytosis. The effectiveness of group A ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.20.1.258-261.1978
更新日期:1978-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Comparison of the susceptibility of outbred OF1 and inbred BALB/c, C57BL/6, DBA/2, and CBA mice to heat-stable toxin (STa) of enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli was made at different levels of induced secretion. STa was able to elicit fluid accumulation into the intestine of each strain of mice; however, quantitatively ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.8.3117-3121.1992
更新日期:1992-08-01 00:00:00