Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:There is increasing evidence for the role of cytokines in pituitary differentiated function and tumorigenesis, but the spectrum of cytokines found in the pituitary is unknown. Therefore profiles of cytokine expression were determined in different human anterior pituitary adenoma sub-types. DESIGN:The reverse transcriptase-linked polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to identify the presence of cytokine mRNA within human pituitary adenomas. PATIENTS:Seventeen pituitary adenoma biopsies removed at transsphenoidal surgery were examined: 4 somatotrophinomas, 7 non-functional adenomas, 4 prolactinomas, one case of Cushing's disease and one case of Nelson's syndrome. MEASUREMENTS:RNA was extracted from each adenoma biopsy and reverse transcribed into cDNA. This was specifically amplified in a PCR using oligonucleotide primers complementary to each cytokine. The cytokines investigated were interleukin (IL)-I alpha, IL-I beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF-beta and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta 1, beta 2 and beta 3. The products of each PCR were visualized using agarose gel electrophoresis. RESULTS:All 17 adenomas expressed IL-8 transcripts, but no expression of IL-2, IL-5 or IL-7 was found. IL-6 was expressed in all 4 somatotrophinomas, 3 of 7 non-functional tumours, 2 of 4 prolactinomas and in the single case of Nelson's syndrome. At least one of the 3 isoforms of TGF-beta was found in all but 2 tumours; one prolactinoma and one non-functional adenoma. IL-1 alpha, IL-beta, IL-4, TNF-alpha and TNF-beta were expressed sporadically by individual adenomas. CONCLUSION:These data suggest that whilst IL-8 may be important, the local expression of the cytokines IL-2, IL-5 and IL-7 is not important in human anterior pituitary tumorigenesis.
journal_name
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf)journal_title
Clinical endocrinologyauthors
Green VL,Atkin SL,Speirs V,Jeffreys RV,Landolt AM,Mathew B,Hipkin L,White MCdoi
10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.d01-1554.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-08-01 00:00:00pages
179-85issue
2eissn
0300-0664issn
1365-2265journal_volume
45pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVES:Localization of ectopic ACTH-secreting tumours causing Cushing syndrome (ECS) is essential for clinical management, yet often difficult. [68 Ga]-DOTATATE PET/CT ([68 Ga]-DOTA-(Tyr3 )-octreotate)] is an FDA-approved high-resolution diagnostic tool for imaging neuroendocrine tumours. Data on the clinical utili...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1111/cen.14008
更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Uncorrected thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy has well-recognized deleterious effects on foetal and maternal health. The early gestation period is one of the critical foetal vulnerability during which maternal thyroid dysfunction may have lasting repercussions. Accordingly, a pragmatic preconception strategy is key for...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/cen.13731
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rathke's cleft cysts (RCCs) are benign, sellar and/or suprasellar lesions originating from the remnants of Rathke's pouch. Although a common finding in routine autopsies (12-33% of normal pituitary glands), symptomatic cases are rare and comprise 5-15% of all surgically resected sellar lesions. Small, asymptomatic RCC...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2011.04235.x
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is evidence that the porcine TSH receptor contains essential disulphide bridge(s) which can be disrupted by dithiothreitol (DTT). The aim of the present study was to determine whether exposure of intact thyroid cells to DTT leads to altered thyroid stimulation. TSH-stimulated iodine organification in cultured po...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1987.tb00798.x
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The glucocorticoid hormone cortisol is released in pulses resulting in a complex and dynamic ultradian rhythm of plasma cortisol that underlies the classical circadian rhythm. These oscillating levels are also seen at the level of tissues such as the brain and trigger pulses of gene activation and downstream signallin...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12470
更新日期:2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth hormone and prolactin are secreted episodically in man and experimental animals. To investigate physiologic mechanisms of GH and PRL secretion, a series of experiments were performed in individual, unanaesthetized male and female rats. GH secretion in the male rat is characterized by intermittent surges that oc...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1977.tb03335.x
更新日期:1977-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Familial Isolated Pituitary Adenomas (FIPA), an autosomal dominant disease with low penetrance is being increasingly recognized. FIPA families can be divided into two distinct groups based on genetic and phenotypic features. Patients with mutations in the aryl hydrocarbon receptor-interacting protein (AIP) gene are ch...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2012.04445.x
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of thyroid hormones and antithyroid treatment upon lumbar spine bone mineral content (lumbar BMC) were studied in a consecutive series of patients with myxoedema and thyrotoxicosis, respectively. All patients were investigated in the untreated state and 3-monthly during appropriate treatment for 1 year by ...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb02873.x
更新日期:1983-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Previous studies investigating cardiovascular (CV) risk in obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) have been potentially confounded by not adequately accounting for body weight. OBJECTIVE:To assess if PCOS increases CV risk independently in young obese women by examining carotid intima-media wal...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12137
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty-one patients with hyperthyroid Graves' disease were treated with carbimazole 30 mg daily, given as a single dose. Propranolol was also given for the first 3 weeks. All became clinically euthyroid with normal serum thyroxine (T4) levels, usually within 1-3 months. Patients with large goitres and raised serum alk...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00593.x
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Diagnostic I-123 scans have been shown to underestimate the disease burden in differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) when compared to I-131 post-treatment scans, especially in children and patients who have had prior radioiodine (RAI) therapy and/or distant metastasis. I-124 PET/CT has been shown to be highly...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1111/cen.13306
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Both severe growth hormone (GH) deficiency in hypopituitary adults and physiological ageing are associated with an increase in fat mass, dyslipidaemia, and an increased incidence of cardiovascular disease. Ageing is also associated with a physiological decrease in spontaneous as well as stimulated GH secretio...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00772.x
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Epidemiological data suggest there is an increased risk of dying from heart disease among patients with Klinefelter syndrome (KS). Due to high prevalence of hypogonadism and metabolic syndrome, we speculated that patients with KS may have subclinical changes in the left ventricular function. Therefore, the ai...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03211.x
更新日期:2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The development and progression of sporadic adrenocortical tumours are poorly understood. In autopsy studies adrenocortical tumours are found in between 2 and 9% of the general population. In congenital adrenal hyperplasia (CAH), decreased production of cortisol leads to increased secretion of ACTH from the p...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1999.00655.x
更新日期:1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the factors influencing the levels of sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) in normal postmenopausal women by assessing the relationship between SHBG and measured anthropometric, metabolic and hormonal variables. DESIGN:Cross-sectional, observational study. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Seventy normal postm...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2001.01183.x
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The uterine cross-sectional area (UXA) of women with polycystic (PCO) or multifollicular ovaries (MFO) is significantly larger and smaller, respectively, than those of normal women during the early-mid-follicular phase of the menstrual cycle. In the present study the distribution of oestradiol in plasma from normal wo...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1987.tb00813.x
更新日期:1987-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pregnancy and lactation comprise a critical window spanning all seasons during which maternal vitamin D status potentially may influence the long-term health of the newborn. Women typically receive calcium/vitamin D supplementation through antenatal vitamins, but there has been limited serial evaluation of m...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.12989
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bilateral, selective and simultaneous catheterization of the inferior petrosal sinus with measurements of ACTH after stimulation with ovine corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) is now frequently used to establish the differential diagnosis in patients with Cushing's disease and to determine the side of the microadeno...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1988.tb01215.x
更新日期:1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Little is known of the hormone environment of the developing early human embryo. We have therefore measured selected steroids in the intrauterine fluids of early pregnancy. DESIGN:Measurement of progesterone, 17 alpha-hydroxyprogesterone, oestradiol-17 beta, testosterone, androstenedione, cortisol and dehydr...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.1996.710532.x
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The metabolic syndrome has been associated with increased mortality in some Caucasian populations, but data in Asian populations are not available. We present data describing the association of the metabolic syndrome with mortality. METHODS:The impact of the US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Tr...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.02798.x
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to maternal hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy, which is characterized by low free T4 but normal thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels, can negatively affect the foetus. This review provides an overview of present findings concerning the association between maternal hypothyroxinemia during pregnancy and chi...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1111/cen.12227
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Serum levels of thyroxine and triiodothyronine during pregnancy were measured in women from a severely iodine deficient region in the highlands of Papua New Guinea. Subsequently the children born to these women were examined when aged 10-12 years and measures made of intellectual ability and motor competence. A signif...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1984.tb03468.x
更新日期:1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To evaluate whether thyroid scintigraphy would alter the clinical management of patients referred for fine-needle aspiration cytology (FNA). METHODS:We reviewed the medical and imaging records of patients referred to our Department between 2016 and 2019. All the patients had to take a serum thyrotropin test ad...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14379
更新日期:2020-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:SRY-negative 46,XX testicular and ovotesticular disorders/differences of sex development (T/OTDSD) represent a very rare and unique DSD condition where testicular tissue develops in the absence of a Y chromosome. To date, very few studies have described the phenotype, clinical and surgical management and long...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/cen.14389
更新日期:2020-12-09 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Adults with GH deficiency (GHD) exhibit changes in body composition. Studies of the effects of GH substitution on body composition have been short-term or not adequately controlled. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the long-term effects of GH on soft tissue using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEX...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1995.tb00536.x
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Twenty women with secondary hypogonadism and four normal women in the early follicular phase of the cycle were treated for 7 days with 10, 50 or 100 micrograms synthetic LHRH administered intramuscularly at 4 h intervals. Concentrations of pituitary and ovarian hormones in plasma were measured at intervals during the ...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1983.tb00737.x
更新日期:1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We determined the effects of physiological (non-hypotensive) increments of plasma atrial natriuretic factor (ANF) on the vasopressin and hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal response to insulin induced hypoglycaemia. DESIGN:Single blind, placebo controlled, randomized study of the effect of vehicle alone or ANF (2...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.1993.tb00991.x
更新日期:1993-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Objective To evaluate the effect of strontium ranelate (SR) on bone turnover markers in women with established osteoporosis previously treated with teriparatide (TPTD--recombinant human PTH 1-34). DESIGN PATIENTS: Twenty-two postmenopausal Caucasian women (aged 65.7 +/- 1.7 years) with established osteoporos...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2008.03342.x
更新日期:2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The initial presentation of macroprolactinoma with visual field impairment, especially in males, is well recognized. Successful treatment with dopamine agonist therapy is characterized by a reduction in hyperprolactinaemia and often rapid and progressive resolution of the visual impairment. A small proportion of patie...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1046/j.1365-2265.2000.01039.x
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) deficiency is the commonest monogenic form of obesity. The significance of MC4R mutations in Asian obese populations has not been adequately examined. The objective of this study was to determine the role of MC4R mutations in severely obese Asian children. DESIGN:We screened 22...
journal_title:Clinical endocrinology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1111/j.1365-2265.2007.03071.x
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00