Chromosomal localization of the proteasome Z subunit gene reveals an ancient chromosomal duplication involving the major histocompatibility complex.

abstract：:Vaccination has been used to control the spread of seasonal flu; however, the virus continues to evolve and escape from host immune response through mutation and increasing glycosylation. Efforts have been directed toward development of a universal vaccine with broadly protective activity against multiple influenza st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liao HY,Wang SC,Ko YA,Lin KI,Ma C,Cheng TR,Wong CH

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Influenza viruses contain segmented, negative-strand RNA genomes. Genome segmentation facilitates reassortment between different influenza virus strains infecting the same cell. This phenomenon results in the rapid exchange of RNA segments. In this study, we have developed a method to prevent the free reassortment of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gao Q,Palese P

更新日期：2009-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:When propagated on arl strains (a subclass of Escherichia coli hyper-rec mutants), lambda "Red-" duplication phages accumulated an enhanced potential for recombination. The physical properties of the recombinogenic phages thus obtained ("Arl-" phages) were similar to those of phages grown on arl+ bacteria. However, Ar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hays JB,Korba BE

更新日期：1979-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:ATP-dependent RNA ligases are agents of RNA repair that join 3'-OH and 5'-PO4 RNA ends. Naegleria gruberi RNA ligase (NgrRnl) exemplifies a family of RNA nick-sealing enzymes found in bacteria, viruses, and eukarya. Crystal structures of NgrRnl at three discrete steps along the reaction pathway-covalent ligase-(lysyl-...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Unciuleac MC,Goldgur Y,Shuman S

更新日期：2015-11-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Interleukin 10 (IL-10) inhibits interferon gamma-induced macrophage activation for cytotoxicity against larvae of the human parasite Schistosoma mansoni by suppressing production of the toxic effector molecule nitric oxide (NO). In this study, the mechanism of IL-10 action was identified as inhibition of endogenous tu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oswald IP,Wynn TA,Sher A,James SL

更新日期：1992-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:By harnessing the oxidative power of microorganisms, energy can be recovered from reservoirs of less-concentrated organic matter, such as marine sediment, wastewater, and waste biomass. Left unmanaged, these reservoirs can become eutrophic dead zones and sites of greenhouse gas generation. Here, we introduce a unique ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Xie X,Ye M,Hsu PC,Liu N,Criddle CS,Cui Y

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aposematic coloration, or warning coloration, is a visual signal that acts to minimize contact between predator and unprofitable prey. The conditions favoring the evolution of aposematic coloration remain largely unidentified. Recent work suggests that diet specialization and resultant toxicity may play a role in faci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Prudic KL,Oliver JC,Sperling FA

更新日期：2007-12-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The heterotrimeric complex between integrin-linked kinase (ILK), PINCH, and parvin is an essential signaling platform, serving as a convergence point for integrin and growth-factor signaling and regulating cell adhesion, spreading, and migration. We report a 1.6-A crystal structure of the ILK ankyrin repeat domain bou...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chiswell BP,Zhang R,Murphy JW,Boggon TJ,Calderwood DA

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Understanding the heritability of neural systems linked to psychopathology is not sufficient to implicate them as intergenerational neural mediators. By closely examining how individual differences in neural phenotypes and psychopathology cosegregate as they fall through the family tree, we can identify the brain syst...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fox AS,Oler JA,Shackman AJ,Shelton SE,Raveendran M,McKay DR,Converse AK,Alexander A,Davidson RJ,Blangero J,Rogers J,Kalin NH

更新日期：2015-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A class II (B) general transcription factor of 34 kDa has been purified from HeLa cells to apparent homogeneity. This factor appears to be transcription factor IIB (TFIIB), since it binds in vitro to template-committed preinitiation complexes formed between a template containing the TATA box/cap-site elements of the a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Moncollin V,Fischer L,Cavallini B,Egly JM,Chambon P

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sulfate-assimilating organisms reduce inorganic sulfate for Cys biosynthesis. There are two leading hypotheses for the mechanism of sulfate reduction in higher plants. In one, adenosine 5'-phosphosulfate (APS) (5'-adenylysulfate) sulfotransferase carries out reductive transfer of sulfate from APS to reduced glutathion...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Setya A,Murillo M,Leustek T

更新日期：1996-11-12 00:00:00

abstract：:NAD+ glycohydrolase activity is found at high levels in submitochondrial particles. It leads to the reaction products ADP-ribose, nicotinamide, and small amounts of 5'-AMP. Furthermore, submitochondrial particles catalyze the exchange reaction: [adenosine-14C]ADP-ribose + NAD+ in equilibrium [adenosine-14C]-NAD+ + ADP...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Richter C,Winterhalter KH,Baumhüter S,Lötscher HR,Moser B

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A yeast gene has been identified by screening for DNA replication mutants using a permeabilized cell replication assay. The mutant is temperature sensitive for growth and shows a cell cycle phenotype typical of DNA replication mutants. RNA synthesis is normal in the mutant but DNA synthesis ceases upon shift to the no...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Budd ME,Campbell JL

更新日期：1995-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nonhomologous integration vectors have been used to demonstrate the feasibility of insertional mutagenesis in haploid tachyzoites of the protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii. Mutant clones resistant to 5-fluorouracil were identified at a frequency of approximately 10(-6) (approximately 2 x 10(-5) of the stable transfo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Donald RG,Roos DS

更新日期：1995-06-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Female Utetheisa ornatrix exercise postcopulatory mate selection, favoring sperm of larger males. Larger males also produce larger spermatophores, raising the question whether males are selected on the basis of body size or the size of their spermatophore. We here present evidence, based on matings in which males were...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： LaMunyon CW,Eisner T

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:In most organisms, light plays a key role in the synchronization of the circadian timing system with the environmental day-night cycle. Light pulses that phase-shift the circadian clock also induce the expression of period (per) genes in vertebrates. Here, we report the cloning of a zebrafish per gene, zfper4, which i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vallone D,Gondi SB,Whitmore D,Foulkes NS

更新日期：2004-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombination junctions of several Neurospora mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutants and their revertants were identified. Their nucleotide sequences and putative secondary structures were determined in order to understand the nature of the elements involved in intramolecular recombination. Multiple deletions, involving th...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Almasan A,Mishra NC

更新日期：1991-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP(3)) receptors (IP(3)Rs) are IP(3)-gated Ca(2+) channels that are located on intracellular Ca(2+) stores. We previously identified an IP(3)R binding protein, termed IP(3)R binding protein released with IP(3) (IRBIT). Because IRBIT is released from IP(3)R by physiological concentrations ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Shirakabe K,Priori G,Yamada H,Ando H,Horita S,Fujita T,Fujimoto I,Mizutani A,Seki G,Mikoshiba K

更新日期：2006-06-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular morphogenesis relies partly on cell polarization by the cytoskeleton. In the fission yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe, it is well established that microtubules (MTs) deliver the spatial cue Tea1, a kelch repeat protein, to the tip regions to direct the growth machinery at the cell tips driving the linear exten...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Scheffler K,Recouvreux P,Paoletti A,Tran PT

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Helicobacter pylori is a Gram-negative bacterial pathogen with a small genome of 1.64-1.67 Mb. More than 20 putative DNA restriction-modification (R-M) systems, comprising more than 4% of the total genome, have been identified in the two completely sequenced H. pylori strains, 26695 and J99, based on sequence similari...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lin LF,Posfai J,Roberts RJ,Kong H

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Two operators, spatially separated from each other and from the promoters, repress the gal operon when bound to Gal repressor. Conversion of either gal operator to a lac operator results in derepression, although both Gal and Lac repressors are present, suggesting that mere occupation of operator sites is not sufficie...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Haber R,Adhya S

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cdc7 is an essential kinase required for the initiation of eukaryotic DNA replication. Previous studies in many species showed that the minichromosome maintenance complex is a major physiological target of this kinase. In this study, we have mapped the sites in human Mcm2 protein that are phosphorylated by Cdc7. The i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cho WH,Lee YJ,Kong SI,Hurwitz J,Lee JK

更新日期：2006-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Maximum likelihood analysis for linkage between autosomal dominant aniridia and 12 biochemical and serological markers in a single large family showed a probable linkage between autosomal dominant aniridia and the enzyme acid phosphatase-1. The presence of an autosomal dominant aniridia gene linked to acid phosphatase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ferrell RE,Chakravarti A,Hittner HM,Riccardi VM

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Transcription in the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) retrovirus is regulated by binding the viral Tat protein (trans-acting transcriptional activator) to the trans-activation response (TAR) RNA sequence. Here, vacuum UV circular dichroism (VUV-CD) is used to study the structure of TAR and its complex with ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Loret EP,Georgel P,Johnson WC Jr,Ho PS

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The retinylidene chromophore mutant (Y185F) of bacteriorhodopsin, in which Tyr-185 is substituted by phenylalanine, is examined and compared with wild-type bacteriorhodopsin expressed in Escherichia coli; both were reinstituted similarly in vesicles. The Y185F mutant shows (at least) two distinct spectra at neutral pH...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang DJ,el-Sayed MA,Stern LJ,Mogi T,Khorana HG

更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The venoms from three spider species, Araneus gemma, Neoscona arabesca, and Argiope aurantia, were shown to inhibit the high-affinity, sodium-independent L-glutamate-binding sites in rat brain synaptic membranes. The same three venoms caused concentration-dependent inhibition of the activity of the glutamate-binding g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michaelis EK,Galton N,Early SL

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been recognized since ancient times that malaria fever is highly periodic but the mechanism has been poorly understood. Malaria fever is related to the parasite growth cycle in erythrocytes. After a fixed period of replication, a mature parasite (schizont) causes the infected erythrocyte to rupture, releasing p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwiatkowski D,Nowak M

更新日期：1991-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Nitrogen limitation imposes a major transition in the lifestyle of nondiazotrophic cyanobacteria that is controlled by a complex interplay of regulatory factors involving the pervasive signal processor PII Immediately upon nitrogen limitation, newly fixed carbon is redirected toward glycogen synthesis. How the metabol...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Orthwein T,Scholl J,Spät P,Lucius S,Koch M,Macek B,Hagemann M,Forchhammer K

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that the motion of a slightly compressible fluid is near that of an incompressible fluid. That is, for a given initial velocity field, the motion of a compressible fluid with large sound speed is near to that of an idealized incompressible fluid. We consider the compressible fluid motion in Lagrangian coordina...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ebin DG

更新日期：1975-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hippocampal mossy fibers, which are the axons of dentate granule cells, form powerful excitatory synapses onto the proximal dendrites of CA3 pyramidal cells. It has long been known that high-affinity binding sites for kainate, a glutamate receptor agonist, are present on mossy fibers. Here we summarize recent experime...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmitz D,Mellor J,Frerking M,Nicoll RA

更新日期：2001-09-25 00:00:00