Recombination by sequence repeats with formation of suppressive or residual mitochondrial DNA in Neurospora.

abstract：:Two adjacent, divergently transcribed, developmentally regulated genes of the maize chloroplast chromosome have different superhelical density/transcriptional activation profiles when transcribed in vitro by the homologous DNA-dependent RNA polymerase. Promoter-specific transcription of the gene for the beta and epsil...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stirdivant SM,Crossland LD,Bogorad L

更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:To explore protein space from a global perspective, we consider 9,710 SCOP (Structural Classification of Proteins) domains with up to 70% sequence identity and present all similarities among them as networks: In the "domain network," nodes represent domains, and edges connect domains that share "motifs," i.e., signifi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Nepomnyachiy S,Ben-Tal N,Kolodny R

更新日期：2014-08-12 00:00:00

abstract：:The signal-transducing guanine nucleotide-binding regulatory (G) proteins are heterotrimers composed of three subunits--alpha, beta, and gamma. Although multiple distinctive forms of the alpha subunit have been described, only two forms of the beta subunits of the G proteins have been identified. To investigate furthe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Levine MA,Smallwood PM,Moen PT Jr,Helman LJ,Ahn TG

更新日期：1990-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Complex three-dimensional biophotonic nanostructures produce the vivid structural colors of many butterfly wing scales, but their exact nanoscale organization is uncertain. We used small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) on single scales to characterize the 3D photonic nanostructures of five butterfly species from two fam...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saranathan V,Osuji CO,Mochrie SG,Noh H,Narayanan S,Sandy A,Dufresne ER,Prum RO

更新日期：2010-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:gp130 is a common signal-transducing receptor component for the interleukin 6 family of cytokines functioning in, for example, immune, hematopoietic, and nervous systems. In this study, to investigate the physiological functions of gp130 and to determine the pathological consequences of impaired gp130 signals, we have...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kumanogoh A,Marukawa S,Kumanogoh T,Hirota H,Yoshida K,Lee IS,Yasui T,Yoshida K,Taga T,Kishimoto T

更新日期：1997-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Tyr-SV40E transgenic mice are susceptible to melanoma due to simian virus 40 oncogenic sequences specifically expressed in pigment cells. Skin melanomas form relatively late. Therefore, melanocyte cell lines have been established from very young transgenic animals, when they showed no skin lesions, so that the spontan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Larue L,Dougherty N,Mintz B

更新日期：1992-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial adaptive immune system CRISPR-Cas9 has been appropriated as a versatile tool for editing genomes, controlling gene expression, and visualizing genetic loci. To analyze Cas9's ability to bind DNA rapidly and specifically, we generated multiple libraries of potential binding partners for measuring the kine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyle EA,Andreasson JOL,Chircus LM,Sternberg SH,Wu MJ,Guegler CK,Doudna JA,Greenleaf WJ

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Conventional wisdom regarding mechanisms of bacterial pathogenesis holds that pathogens arise by external acquisition of distinct virulence factors, whereas determinants shared by pathogens and commensals are considered to be functionally equivalent and have been ignored as genes that could become adapted specifically...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sokurenko EV,Chesnokova V,Dykhuizen DE,Ofek I,Wu XR,Krogfelt KA,Struve C,Schembri MA,Hasty DL

更新日期：1998-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Ehrlich and Raven formally introduced the concept of stepwise coevolution using butterfly and angiosperm interactions in an attempt to account for the impressive biological diversity of these groups. However, many biologists currently envision butterflies evolving 50 to 30 million years (Myr) after the major angiosper...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wheat CW,Vogel H,Wittstock U,Braby MF,Underwood D,Mitchell-Olds T

更新日期：2007-12-18 00:00:00

abstract：:An intense investigation of possible non-Fermi liquid states of matter has been inspired by two of the most intriguing phenomena discovered in the past quarter century, namely, high-temperature superconductivity and the fractional quantum Hall effect. Despite enormous conceptual strides, these two fields have develope...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jain JK,Anderson PW

更新日期：2009-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the behavior of hematopoietic stem cells in vivo, we transplanted glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) heterozygous (female Safari) cats with small amounts of autologous marrow. The G6PD phenotypes of erythroid burst-forming units and granulocyte/macrophage colony-forming units were repeatedly assayed for...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Abkowitz JL,Persik MT,Shelton GH,Ott RL,Kiklevich JV,Catlin SN,Guttorp P

更新日期：1995-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Genome-wide association studies found that increased risk for atrial fibrillation (AF), the most common human heart arrhythmia, is associated with noncoding sequence variants located in proximity to PITX2 Cardiomyocyte-specific epigenomic and comparative genomics uncovered 2 AF-associated enhancers neighboring PITX2 w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang M,Hill MC,Kadow ZA,Suh JH,Tucker NR,Hall AW,Tran TT,Swinton PS,Leach JP,Margulies KB,Ellinor PT,Li N,Martin JF

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：:There are large amounts of histone mRNA present in mouse eggs. These RNAs are rapidly degraded, as are other mRNAs, after fertilization and prior to the second cleavage. During cleavage, the histone mRNA accumulates as the embryo divides. The same sets of histone genes are expressed in eggs and embryos, although there...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Graves RA,Marzluff WF,Giebelhaus DH,Schultz GA

更新日期：1985-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The virions of vesicular stomatitis virus contain an enzyme that catalyzes the incorporation of ribonucleotides into RNA. The product of the reaction is mainly RNA complementary in base sequence to that of vesicular stomatitis virus RNA. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Baltimore D,Huang AS,Stampfer M

更新日期：1970-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Migration of organisms (or cells) is typically an adaptive response to spatiotemporal variation in resources that requires individuals to detect and respond to long-range and noisy environmental gradients. Many organisms, from wildebeest to bacteria, migrate en masse in a process that can involve a vast number of indi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Guttal V,Couzin ID

更新日期：2010-09-14 00:00:00

abstract：:A complementary DNA (cDNA) clone from a human placenta cDNA library encoding extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD; superoxide:superoxide oxidoreductase, EC 1.15.1.1) has been isolated and the nucleotide sequence determined. The cDNA has a very high G+C content. EC-SOD is synthesized with a putative 18-amino acid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hjalmarsson K,Marklund SL,Engström A,Edlund T

更新日期：1987-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cAMP receptor protein (CRP) of Escherichia coli needs cAMP for an allosteric change to regulate gene expression by binding to specific DNA sites. The hinge region connecting the DNA-binding domain to the cAMP-binding domain has been proposed to participate in the cAMP-induced allosteric change necessary to adjust ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ryu S,Kim J,Adhya S,Garges S

更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Signaling through Janus kinases (JAKs) and signal transducers and activators of transcription (STATs) is central to the responses to the majority of cytokines and some growth factors, including the interferons (IFNs) and the IL-6 family of cytokines. The biological responses to stimulation through the widely distribut...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Costa-Pereira AP,Tininini S,Strobl B,Alonzi T,Schlaak JF,Is'harc H,Gesualdo I,Newman SJ,Kerr IM,Poli V

更新日期：2002-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Two related oncogenes, TCL-1 and MTCP-1, are overexpressed in T cell prolymphocytic leukemias as a result of chromosomal rearrangements that involve the translocation of one T cell receptor gene to either chromosome 14q32 or Xq28. The crystal structure of human recombinant MTCP-1 protein has been determined at 2.0 A r...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu ZQ,Du Bois GC,Song SP,Kulikovskaya I,Virgilio L,Rothstein JL,Croce CM,Weber IT,Harrison RW

更新日期：1998-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：:A cardinal symptom of major depressive disorder (MDD) is the disruption of circadian patterns. However, to date, there is no direct evidence of circadian clock dysregulation in the brains of patients who have MDD. Circadian rhythmicity of gene expression has been observed in animals and peripheral human tissues, but i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li JZ,Bunney BG,Meng F,Hagenauer MH,Walsh DM,Vawter MP,Evans SJ,Choudary PV,Cartagena P,Barchas JD,Schatzberg AF,Jones EG,Myers RM,Watson SJ Jr,Akil H,Bunney WE

更新日期：2013-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Agricultural foods and technologies are thought to have eased the mechanical demands of diet-how often or how hard one had to chew-in human populations worldwide. Some evidence suggests correspondingly worldwide changes in skull shape and form across the agricultural transition, although these changes have proved diff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Katz DC,Grote MN,Weaver TD

更新日期：2017-08-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Tolerance and resistance provide hosts with two distinct defense strategies against parasitism. In resistance the hosts "fight" the parasite directly, whereas in tolerance the hosts fight the disease by ameliorating the damage that infection causes. There is increasing recognition that the two mechanisms may exhibit v...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Best A,White A,Boots M

更新日期：2008-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Thiamin diphosphate, the vitamin B1 coenzyme, plays critical roles in fundamental metabolic pathways that require acyl carbanion equivalents. Studies on chemical models and enzymes had suggested that these carbanions are resonance-stabilized as enamines. A crystal structure of this intermediate in pyruvate oxidase at ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meyer D,Neumann P,Koers E,Sjuts H,Lüdtke S,Sheldrick GM,Ficner R,Tittmann K

更新日期：2012-07-03 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe the effect of a 200-microns wavelength free electron laser beam on the ability of asynchronized and synchronized mammalian tissue culture cells to incorporate tritiated thymidine. Compared to controls (unexposed cells), a significant proportion of exposed cells exhibited a reduction in isotope incorporatio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berns MW,Bewley W,Sun CH,Templin P

更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The formation of myelin by Schwann cells (SCs) occurs via a series of orchestrated molecular events. We previously used global expression profiling to examine peripheral nerve myelination and identified the NAD(+)-dependent deacetylase Sir-two-homolog 2 (Sirt2) as a protein likely to be involved in myelination. Here, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beirowski B,Gustin J,Armour SM,Yamamoto H,Viader A,North BJ,Michán S,Baloh RH,Golden JP,Schmidt RE,Sinclair DA,Auwerx J,Milbrandt J

更新日期：2011-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:In a study of autonomic reflexes it was found that some produce a generalized, bilaterally uniform response whereas others have an asymmetric or laterality of action. Recordings from vertebral nerve fibers (mainly vasoconstrictors to forelimb muscles), right and left cardiac sympathetics, and renal nerves show that ba...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kollai M,Koizumi K,Brooks CM

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The olivo-cerebellar network is a key neuronal circuit that provides high-level motor control in the vertebrate CNS. Functionally, its network dynamics is organized around the oscillatory membrane potential properties of inferior olive (IO) neurons and their electrotonic connectivity. Because IO action potentials are ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kazantsev VB,Nekorkin VI,Makarenko VI,Llinás R

更新日期：2004-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:During excitation-contraction (e-c) coupling of striated muscle, depolarization of the surface membrane is converted into Ca2+ release from internal stores. This process occurs at intracellular junctions characterized by a specialized composition and structural organization of membrane proteins. The coordinated arrang...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flucher BE,Franzini-Armstrong C

更新日期：1996-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Ferritin has a protein shell of 5 X 10(6) Da consisting of 24 subunits of two types, a heavier (H) chain of 21,000 Da and a lighter (L) chain of 19,000 Da. A cDNA clone of the messenger for the L subunit has been isolated from a human monocyte-like leukemia cell line. The clone contains an open reading frame of 522 nu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dörner MH,Salfeld J,Will H,Leibold EA,Vass JK,Munro HN

更新日期：1985-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:This investigation was undertaken to determine the possible role of growth hormone (GH) in the hormonal regulation of hepatic low density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor expression. Treatment of normal rats with estrogen (ethynylestradiol, 5 mg/kg per day) increased the number of hepatic LDL receptors, and the LDL receptor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rudling M,Norstedt G,Olivecrona H,Reihnér E,Gustafsson JA,Angelin B

更新日期：1992-08-01 00:00:00