The M1 muscarinic antagonist pirenzepine reduces myopia and eye enlargement in the tree shrew.

abstract：PURPOSE:Early visual defects in degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) may arise from phased remodeling of the neural retina. The authors sought to explore the functional expression of ionotropic (iGluR) and group 3, type 6 metabotropic (mGluR6) glutamate receptors in late-stage photoreceptor degenerat...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Marc RE,Jones BW,Anderson JR,Kinard K,Marshak DW,Wilson JH,Wensel T,Lucas RJ

更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To create a binocular statistical eye model based on previously measured ocular biometric data. METHODS:Thirty-nine parameters were determined for a group of 127 healthy subjects (37 male, 90 female; 96.8% Caucasian) with an average age of 39.9 ± 12.2 years and spherical equivalent refraction of -0.98 ± 1.77 D...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Rozema JJ,Atchison DA,Tassignon MJ

更新日期：2011-06-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Swollen rabbit corneas incubated in vitro with their posterior surfaces blocked with silicone oil maintained fairly constant thickness over an 11 hr. period. Increasing the simulated intraocular pressure from 10 to 30 mm. Hg did not produce stromal thinning. When theophylline was added to stimulate epithelial Cl secre...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Klyce SD

更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased saccadic latencies were measured in the amblyopic eyes of subjects having amblyopia without strabismus, constant strabismus amblyopia, and intermittent strabismus. The subjects tracked a small, bright spot of light moving with random, horizontal step displacements of 0.25 to 8.5 degrees over the central reti...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ciuffreda KJ,Kenyon RV,Stark L

更新日期：1978-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:7-Ketocholesterol is a highly toxic oxysterol found in abundance in atherosclerotic plaques and is believed to play a critical role in atherosclerosis. The purpose of this study was to identify and localize 7-ketocholesterol (7kCh) in the primate retina and to examine the potential consequences of its presence ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Moreira EF,Larrayoz IM,Lee JW,Rodríguez IR

更新日期：2009-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:Determine which posterior uveal melanoma (PUM) size classification with three categories has the best prognostic discrimination. Methods:Single-institution study of 424 consecutive patients with PUM. The tumor's largest basal diameter (LBD), smallest basal diameter (SBD), and thickness (TH) were estimated by f...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Skinner CC,Augsburger JJ,Augsburger BD,Correa ZM

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Chinese hamster ovarian (CHO) cells in culture were used to evaluate the relative antiproliferative potential of drugs. These agents have been used to improve the clinical response after glaucoma filtering surgery. The following drugs were evaluated: 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) as the benchmark, 5-fluorouridine (FUR), 5-flu...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Senderoff RI,Weber PA,Smith DR,Sokoloski TD

更新日期：1990-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Ocular malformations and visual deficits are pathognomic of fetal alcohol syndrome (FAS). However, there are no reports on retinal visual function. To determine if prenatal (human second-trimester equivalent) or prenatal plus 10 days of postnatal (human third-trimester equivalent) ethanol exposure produced scotopic an...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Katz LM,Fox DA

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To quantify the spatial and temporal nature of congenital periodic alternating nystagmus (PAN) and to test the hypothesis that PAN results from a temporal shift in the null zone. METHODS:Twenty-five subjects with oculocutaneous albinism (16 tyrosinase negative and 9 tyrosinase positive) and 7 with ocular albin...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Abadi RV,Pascal E

更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:There is no consensus as how to calculate orbital soft tissue volume based on CT or MRI scans. The authors sought to validate their technique and to assess the intraobserver and interobserver variability of their calculations of bony orbital volume (OV), orbital fat volume (FV), and extraocular muscle volume (M...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Regensburg NI,Kok PH,Zonneveld FW,Baldeschi L,Saeed P,Wiersinga WM,Mourits MP

更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Elevated levels of extracellular glutamate have been implicated in the pathophysiology of neuronal loss in both central nervous system and ophthalmic disorders, including glaucoma. This increase in glutamate may result from a failure of glutamate transporters, which are molecules that ordinarily regulate extrac...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Naskar R,Vorwerk CK,Dreyer EB

更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:To characterize intraocular pressure (IOP) dynamics by identifying the sources of transient IOP fluctuations and quantifying the frequency, magnitude, associated cumulative IOP-related mechanical energy, and temporal distribution. Methods:IOP was monitored at 500 Hz for periods of 16 to 451 days in nine normal...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Turner DC,Edmiston AM,Zohner YE,Byrne KJ,Seigfreid WP,Girkin CA,Morris JS,Downs JC

更新日期：2019-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Although much is now understood about the molecular structure of tight junctions (TJs), little is known about the regulation of their function during neural inflammatory disease processes in vivo. The mechanisms by which leukocytes transmigrate the blood-retina barrier (BRB) without affecting endothelial permea...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Xu H,Dawson R,Crane IJ,Liversidge J

更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:We assessed changes in age-specific prevalence of refractive error at the time of starting school, by comparing preschool and school age cohorts in Shanghai, China. Methods:A cross-sectional study was done in Jiading District, Shanghai during November and December 2013. We randomly selected 7 kindergartens and...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ma Y,Qu X,Zhu X,Xu X,Zhu J,Sankaridurg P,Lin S,Lu L,Zhao R,Wang L,Shi H,Tan H,You X,Yuan H,Sun S,Wang M,He X,Zou H,Congdon N

更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the retinal-protective effects of the oral iron chelator deferiprone (DFP) in mice lacking the iron regulatory hormone hepcidin (Hepc). These Hepc knockout (KO) mice have age-dependent systemic and retinal iron accumulation leading to retinal degeneration. METHODS:Hepc KO mice were given DFP in ...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Song D,Zhao L,Li Y,Hadziahmetovic M,Song Y,Connelly J,Spino M,Dunaief JL

更新日期：2014-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Mutations in the genes that control cell proliferation in cutaneous melanoma are generally uncommon in uveal melanoma. Despite the absence of known activating mutations, the RAF-MEK-ERK, or mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK), pathway is usually activated in uveal melanoma. An assay with increased potential...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Maat W,Kilic E,Luyten GP,de Klein A,Jager MJ,Gruis NA,Van der Velden PA

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We have examined the presence and distribution of integrin and fibronectin in the retinas of 21-day chick embryos and adult rats, with particular emphasis on the question of localization in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Isolated sheets of RPE solubilized and separated by gel electrophoresis contain integrin, a...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Philp NJ,Nachmias VT

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The efficacy of the peptide Ac-EEED on reducing cell adhesion and proliferation in vitro and choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in vivo was examined. METHODS:The peptide chimera containing the Ac-EEED sequence was chemically linked to the N terminus of the XMTM delivery peptide from the E(rns) viral surface pr...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Caballero S,Yang R,Grant MB,Chaqour B

更新日期：2011-04-16 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To search for proprioceptive nerve terminals in human ciliary muscle. METHODS:In 48 human donor eyes, histologic and ultrathin sections cut in different planes and wholemounts of the ciliary muscle were studied. Immunohistochemical staining with antibodies against pan-neuronal antigens and antigens reported as...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Flügel-Koch C,Neuhuber WL,Kaufman PL,Lütjen-Drecoll E

更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To identify the distribution of creatine transporter (CRT) in the aged human retina and how this expression pattern is modified after retinal detachment. METHODS:An affinity-purified antibody raised against the CRT was used in the immunohistochemical investigation. The anti-CRT antibody was colocalized with ne...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： de Souza CF,Kalloniatis M,Christie DL,Polkinghorne PJ,McGhee CN,Acosta ML

更新日期：2012-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To test the incidence of mutations in RPGR ORF15 in six families with X-linked progressive retinal degeneration (cone-rod dystrophy [XLCORD], macular or cone dystrophy) and to undertake a detailed phenotypic assessment of families in whom ORF15 mutations were identified. METHODS:To amplify and sequence ORF15 i...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Ebenezer ND,Michaelides M,Jenkins SA,Audo I,Webster AR,Cheetham ME,Stockman A,Maher ER,Ainsworth JR,Yates JR,Bradshaw K,Holder GE,Moore AT,Hardcastle AJ

更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Human adenovirus species D type 19 (HAdV-D19) has been associated with epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC), a highly inflammatory infection of the ocular surface. Confusion exists regarding the origins of HAdV-D19. The prototype virus (HAdV-D19p) does not cause EKC, while a virus identified later with the ident...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Zhou X,Robinson CM,Rajaiya J,Dehghan S,Seto D,Jones MS,Dyer DW,Chodosh J

更新日期：2012-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the in vitro properties of gap junctions on the isolated rabbit ciliary epithelium. METHODS:Intracellular potential was measured and lucifer yellow (5% in 1 M LiCl) was iontophoretically injected into a ciliary epithelial cell. Fixated tissue was examined with a laser confocal microscope. RESULTS:D...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Oh J,Krupin T,Tang LQ,Sveen J,Lahlum RA

更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To evaluate the consequences of the expression of a mutant mouse opsin gene on rod- and cone-mediated function. Experimental conditions were chosen to provide a basis of comparison to the results reported for patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP) in whom the proline at position 23 has bee...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Goto Y,Peachey NS,Ripps H,Naash MI

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The phosphatic metabolite content of specific anatomic regions within the crystalline lens was determined by phosphorus-31 nuclear magnetic resonance analyses performed on tissue perchloric acid (PCA) extracts. Anatomically distinct zones each were dissected from five sets of 10 porcine lenses, isolated, and frozen in...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Greiner JV,Kopp SJ,Glonek T

更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to show the usefulness of three methods for measuring IOP: Goldmann applanation tonometry, rebound tonometry, and Ultra-High-Speed Scheimpflug technology. METHODS:The examined group consisted of 96 patients (192 eyes), including 63 women and 33 men with a mean age of 59.3 ± 19.9 years...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Smedowski A,Weglarz B,Tarnawska D,Kaarniranta K,Wylegala E

更新日期：2014-02-04 00:00:00

abstract：Purpose:ISG15, a di-ubiquitin-like protein, is critical for controlling certain viral and bacterial infections. We sought to determine if ISG15 plays a role in corneal innate immunity against Candida albicans (C. albicans) using a C57BL/6 (B6) mouse model of human fungal keratitis. Methods:Scarified corneas of adult B...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Dong C,Gao N,Ross BX,Yu FX

更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the foveal changes after repair of macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). METHODS:Prospective comparative case series. Twenty-four eyes of 24 patients with macula-off/fovea-on detachment (n = 9) and fovea-off detachment (n = 15) were studied. Serial optical coherence tomography (OCT...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： dell'Omo R,Viggiano D,Giorgio D,Filippelli M,Di Iorio R,Calo' R,Cardone M,Rinaldi M,dell'Omo E,Costagliola C

更新日期：2015-01-22 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:In glaucoma, the optic nerve head (ONH) is the principal site of initial axonal injury, and elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) is the predominant risk factor. However, the initial responses of the ONH to elevated IOP are unknown. Here the authors use a rat glaucoma model to characterize ONH gene expression cha...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Johnson EC,Doser TA,Cepurna WO,Dyck JA,Jia L,Guo Y,Lambert WS,Morrison JC

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Diabetes reduces retinal and visual sensitivity to dim light flashes. However, the impact of diabetes on contrast sensitivity in dim light is unknown. Based on the lowered visual sensitivity previously observed, we hypothesized that contrast sensitivity would similarly be reduced. We therefore examined scotopic...

journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science

authors： Umino Y,Solessio E

更新日期：2013-02-28 00:00:00