Abstract:
PURPOSE:To evaluate the consequences of the expression of a mutant mouse opsin gene on rod- and cone-mediated function. Experimental conditions were chosen to provide a basis of comparison to the results reported for patients with autosomal dominant retinitis pigmentosa (ADRP) in whom the proline at position 23 has been replaced by a histidine (P23H). METHODS:The mutated gene product resulted in three substitutions in the rhodopsin molecule: P23H, glycine for valine at position 20 (V20G), and leucine for proline at position 27 (P27L). Mice positive for the transgene were differentiated from normal littermates by the polymerase chain reaction. Electroretinograms (ERGs) were obtained from anesthetized mice between 1 and 9 months of age. After photically bleaching approximately 18% of the available rhodopsin, the time course of rod dark adaptation was examined by monitoring rod ERG amplitude recovery. Rhodopsin densitometry was used to determine the relative amounts of rhodopsin in the retinae of normal and transgenic mice. RESULTS:ERGs obtained from transgenic mice showed a significant reduction in rod-mediated response amplitude at 1 month of age and a relatively slow progressive decrease thereafter. Cone-mediated ERGs, on the other hand, were nearly normal in amplitude for approximately the first 5 months after birth, but at later ages response amplitudes also underwent a progressive decline. In the normal retina, rod ERG amplitudes returned to prebleach levels within 30 minutes, whereas in transgenic mice response amplitudes did not recover within a 2-hour test period. The age-related decline in rod-mediated electroretinal potentials seen in transgenic mice was paralleled by a concomitant fall in rhodopsin density, and the sensitivity losses obtained electroretinographically could be accounted for solely on the basis of reduced quantal absorption. CONCLUSIONS:The pattern of functional changes seen in the transgenic mice are in good agreement with those reported in patients with ADRP with the P23H mutation in the rhodopsin gene. Particularly noteworthy is the fact that the changes in rhodopsin density and visual sensitivity are associated with a progressive shortening of the rod outer segments; the histologic changes induced by the disease process in patients with ADRP have yet to be determined.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Goto Y,Peachey NS,Ripps H,Naash MIsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-01-01 00:00:00pages
62-71issue
1eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783journal_volume
36pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:To define rod and cone function further in terms of visual cycle mechanism, the retinal phenotype resulting from Rpe65 (retinoid isomerase I) deficiency in Nrl(-)(/)(-) mice having a single class of photoreceptors resembling wild-type cones was characterized and outcomes of retinoid supplementation evaluated. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-1234
更新日期:2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A preferential loss of ERG b-wave was detected in a substrain of C57BL/10 mice. Electroretinographic and histologic techniques were used to investigate this hitherto unknown retinopathy. METHODS:ERGs were obtained from normal and affected C57BL/10. C57BL/6 mice served also as controls. a-Wave and c-wave analys...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine whether a variational Bayesian independent component analysis mixture model (vB-ICA-mm), a form of unsupervised machine learning, can be used to identify and quantify areas of progression in standard automated perimetry fields. METHODS:In an earlier study, it was shown that a model using vB-ICA-mm...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-1168
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe the prevalence of AMD in an elderly urban Chinese population in China. METHODS:A population-based, cross-sectional study was conducted using a cluster random sample of residents aged 50 years or older living in the Jiangning Road Subdistrict, Jing'an District, Shanghai, China. All participants unde...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-14899
更新日期:2014-09-04 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare current imaging methods with respect to their ability to detect the condition of the fovea in patients with geographic atrophy (GA). METHODS:The retinas of 176 eyes with GA were imaged using two spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) systems, Cirrus HD-OCT and Spectralis HRA+OCT, and ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-15114
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Many genome-wide association studies have identified common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) at the 9p21 glaucoma locus (CDKN2B/CDKN2B-AS1) to be significantly associated with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG), with association being stronger in normal tension glaucoma (NTG) and advanced glaucoma. We aim...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.16-19401
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Three monoclonal antibodies against lens crystallin have been used to study the accumulation of specific polypeptides during development of the human lens. One antibody which recognizes an antigen common to three polypeptides with molecular weights close to 31,000 reacted equally well to the human lens cortex and nucl...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1985-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose. Experimental autoimmune uveoretinitis (EAU), a Th1/Th17 cell-mediated autoimmune disease induced in mice, serves as a model of human endogenous uveitis. In this model, proinflammatory cytokines and various stimuli activate the transcriptional factor, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), in the retina. The thera...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.09-4030
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study was undertaken to observe the effect on the differential light sensitivity in glaucoma suspects produced by a long-term reduction in intraocular pressure (IOP) with timolol maleate. The results are taken from an ongoing 6 year follow-up study of glaucoma suspects randomly selected for treatment and nontreat...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:
更新日期:1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mucins, which play important roles on the ocular surface in wettability, lubrication, and barrier function, are classified into two categories: secreted mucins and membrane-associated mucins. The most important secreted mucin on the ocular surface is MUC5AC, which is secreted by the conjunctival goblet cells. In the h...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1167/iovs.17-23623
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth of the embryonic chick cornea was directly related to, and coordinated with, overall eye growth. During normal development, the size of the embryonic chick cornea increased in three linear phases of diametric growth. Corneal diameter increased at a rate of 216 microns per day between embryonic day 4 (E4) and E7...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Smooth pursuit and other eye movements were quantitatively studied in patients with chronic schizophrenia to characterize the pattern and severity of eye movement abnormalities in this disorder. Twenty-one patients with schizophrenia, 13 patients with other psychiatric disorders (manic-depressive psychosis, schizoaffe...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We measured the aqueous humor levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-3, and tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP) TIMP-1, TIMP-2, and TIMP-3 in patients with myopia or cataract, and investigated the relationship between their levels and axial length (AL). METHODS:We measure...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.14-13983
更新日期:2014-05-29 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify proteins secreted by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and to analyze their cellular distribution in normal and pathologic rat retinas at various stages of eye development. METHODS:A cDNA library was constructed with RNA isolated from porcine RPE sheets and screened by using the yeast signal seq...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.03-1048
更新日期:2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate corneal nerve damage and its subsequent regeneration after excimer laser photokeratectomy in rabbit eyes. METHODS:Corneal photokeratectomy was performed on the right eyes of 34 pigmented rabbits, while the left eyes were used as a control. A Summit UV 200 excimer laser (Summit Technology, Waltha...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:A prior study showed that Toll-like receptor (TLR)-5 recognizes Pseudomonas aeruginosa flagellin and triggers the production of proinflammatory cytokines in human corneal epithelial cells (HCECs). The present study was conducted to determine how the inflammatory response is modulated after TLR activation in HCE...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.07-0473
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To improve the interpretation of Heidelberg Retina Flowmeter (HRF; Heidelberg Engineering GmBH, Dosselheim, Germany) flow maps by examining the influence of specific vascular structures and focus depth in the presence and absence of retinal blood flow. METHODS:HRF flow maps were recorded from the inferior reti...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0772
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experiments were performed with a model of focal, thermal-induced ulceration to test the clinical impression that vascularization prevents ulceration of the corneal stroma. Slow-release polymers containing a vasoproliferase agent (tumor angiogenesis factor) were placed in corneal pockets 2 mm central to the limbus of ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe and evaluate a new experimental reference plane for measuring rim area in scanning laser tomography. METHODS:The experimental reference plane was positioned so that (1) it always lay entirely below the margin of the optic nerve head (ONH), (2) it remained at a set z-axis distance below the ONH in i...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.02-0039
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare self-assessed driving habits and skills of licensed drivers with central visual loss who use bioptic telescopes to those of age-matched normally sighted drivers, and to examine the association between bioptic drivers' impressions of the quality of their driving and ratings by a "backseat" evaluator. ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-13520
更新日期:2014-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To compare visual function assessment, optic disc evaluation by indirect ophthalmoscopy, and retinal nerve fiber layer analysis by optical coherence tomography (OCT) for the screening of optic pathway gliomas in pediatric patients (2-15 years old) affected by neurofibromatosis type 1. METHODS:Fifty-seven conse...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.13-13093
更新日期:2013-12-17 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine the accommodative accuracy of infants and young children before they had had any form of clinical intervention or treatment, in an attempt to determine the difference between 'normal' and 'abnormal' visual experience for these individuals. METHODS:Nott retinoscopy was performed on 111 subjects in ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-8174
更新日期:2012-01-17 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Adeno-associated virus serotype 2 (AAV2) has been shown to be effective in transducing inner retinal neurons after intravitreal injection in several species. However, results in nonprimates may not be predictive of transduction in the human inner retina, because of differences in eye size and the specialized mo...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.10-6250
更新日期:2011-04-25 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Heparanase and VEGF are related closely to angiogenesis in cancer. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the expression and correlation of heparanase and VEGF in hypoxia-induced retinal neovascularization. METHODS:C57BL/6 oxygen-induced retinopathy (OIR) mice and human retinal microvascular endothelial cell...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.11-9144
更新日期:2012-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of mitomycin C (MMC) on the number of keratocytes and the proliferation of fibroblasts after photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) and exposure to ultraviolet B (UV-B) irradiation. METHODS:The right eyes of New Zealand White rabbits in Groups 1, 2, and 3 (n = 18 each) underwent PRK to co...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.04-0070
更新日期:2004-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To study the aggregation of bovine gamma-crystallins in aqueous solutions and the effect of gamma(s)-crystallin on the aggregation of other gamma-crystallins. METHODS:Aggregation in aqueous solutions of gamma(s)-, gammaII-, and gammaIVa-crystallin was monitored by quasielastic light scattering. Aggregation in ...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Previous sequence analyses of hemidesmosomal BP 180/collagen XVII cDNA from human skin and of a similar chicken corneal cDNA showed some similarities, but major differences as well. The authors examined whether, in one species, the same mRNA is present in cornea and skin. They also studied the developmental exp...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vitrectomy has been shown to halt diabetic retinal neovascularization, but the mechanism of this process is unknown. We propose that vitrectomy improves the oxygen supply to ischemic inner retina by way of fluid currents in the vitreous cavity. In order to test this hypothesis, we induced branch retinal vein occlusion...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:Purpose:In many individuals with pattern strabismus, the vertical misalignment varies with horizontal eye position. It has been proposed that these cross-axis effects result from abnormal cross-talk between brainstem structures that would normally encode horizontal and vertical eye position and velocity. The nucleus pr...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.61.5.45
更新日期:2020-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:TNFalpha is a strong modulator expression of trabecular meshwork (TM) matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) and tissue inhibitor (TIMP). Laser trabeculoplasty appears to rely on this process to restore normal aqueous humor outflow facility. Thus, studies were conducted to determine whether the extracellular signal-reg...
journal_title:Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1167/iovs.01-1201
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00