Abstract：
PURPOSE:Early visual defects in degenerative diseases such as retinitis pigmentosa (RP) may arise from phased remodeling of the neural retina. The authors sought to explore the functional expression of ionotropic (iGluR) and group 3, type 6 metabotropic (mGluR6) glutamate receptors in late-stage photoreceptor degeneration. METHODS:Excitation mapping with organic cations and computational molecular phenotyping were used to determine whether retinal neurons displayed functional glutamate receptor signaling in rodent models of retinal degeneration and a sample of human RP. RESULTS:After photoreceptor loss in rodent models of RP, bipolar cells lose mGluR6 and iGluR glutamate-activated currents, whereas amacrine and ganglion cells retain iGluR-mediated responsivity. Paradoxically, amacrine and ganglion cells show spontaneous iGluR signals in vivo even though bipolar cells lack glutamate-coupled depolarization mechanisms. Cone survival can rescue iGluR expression by OFF bipolar cells. In a case of human RP with cone sparing, iGluR signaling appeared intact, but the number of bipolar cells expressing functional iGluRs was double that of normal retina. CONCLUSIONS:RP triggers permanent loss of bipolar cell glutamate receptor expression, though spontaneous iGluR-mediated signaling by amacrine and ganglion cells implies that such truncated bipolar cells still release glutamate in response to some nonglutamatergic depolarization. Focal cone-sparing can preserve iGluR display by nearby bipolar cells, which may facilitate late RP photoreceptor transplantation attempts. An instance of human RP provides evidence that rod bipolar cell dendrite switching likely triggers new gene expression patterns and may impair cone pathway function.
journal_name
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Scijournal_title
Investigative ophthalmology & visual scienceauthors
Marc RE,Jones BW,Anderson JR,Kinard K,Marshak DW,Wilson JH,Wensel T,Lucas RJdoi
10.1167/iovs.07-0032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-07-01 00:00:00pages
3364-71issue
7eissn
0146-0404issn
1552-5783pii
48/7/3364journal_volume
48pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the role of N-cadherin and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in the invasion of collagen type I by human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells. METHODS:RPE sheets from eight human eyes were used for characterization through Western blot analysis of the expression of cadherin in total lysates or af...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.01-1096
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Recoverin has been identified as a target autoantigen for antirecoverin antibodies found in the sera of some patients with cancer-associated retinopathy. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of antirecoverin antibodies in cancer-associated retinopathy. METHODS:Human, rat, and rabbit antirecoverin ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To quantify associations between microvascular density and retinal ganglion cell (RGC) axonal volume in the laminar compartments of the human optic nerve head (ONH). Methods:Eleven normal human ONHs were evaluated. Antibodies were used to label the vascular endothelium (factor VIII-related antigen/von Willebra...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-23183
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abstract：PURPOSE:This study focuses on the identification of regulatory elements that contribute to lens-specific expression of the human CP49 gene within the 5'-flanking DNA sequences. METHODS:The DNA sequence upstream of the human CP49 coding region was subcloned as a set of 5' and 3' deletion series. The constructs were tra...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.02-0162
更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:The trabecular meshwork (TM) has an important role in the regulation of aqueous humor outflow and IOP. Regulation of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by TGFβ2 has been studied extensively. Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) and activin membrane-bound inhibitor (BAMBI) has been shown to inhibit or modulate TGFβ2 sig...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate in impression cytology (IC) specimens the expression of inflammatory and apoptosis-related markers by conjunctival epithelial cells from patients with dry eye as a rationale for treatment with topical cyclosporine. METHODS:Immunologic anomalies were identified at baseline, before treatment with ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To investigate the role of cellular immunodeficiency in recurrent toxoplasmic retinochoroiditis, six Cynomolgus monkeys (Macaca fascicularis) with healed toxoplasmic lesions of the retina were immunosuppressed by total lymphoid irradiation. Three months prior to irradiation 30,000 Toxoplasma gondii organisms of the Be...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the age of onset of the pupil grating response (PGR). To compare estimates of resolution acuity obtained by pupillometric and behavioral methods in early infancy. METHODS:Dynamic infrared pupillometry was undertaken on 19 newborn infants while they fixated a uniform background upon which a 0.1 c/d...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Swollen rabbit corneas incubated in vitro with their posterior surfaces blocked with silicone oil maintained fairly constant thickness over an 11 hr. period. Increasing the simulated intraocular pressure from 10 to 30 mm. Hg did not produce stromal thinning. When theophylline was added to stimulate epithelial Cl secre...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) released by ciliary smooth muscle cells in vitro and to determine whether MMP release is altered by exposure to prostaglandins (PGs). METHODS:Human ciliary smooth muscle cells were grown to confluence in monolayer cultures and treated with PGF2 alpha, 11-deoxy-PGE1,...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Newborn stump-tail monkeys were continuously exposed to 400 f-c of cool, white, fluorescent light for periods varying from 12 hr to 7 days. The right eye of each monkey was occluded by a patch of black velour material to serve as a control. The protected eyes retained normal ultrastructure; the exposed eyes showed pro...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane-bound proteins in plasma membrane enriched fractions from cultured rat RPE were analyzed by two-dimensional gel electrophoresis. Membrane proteins were characterized on three increasingly specific levels. Total protein was visualized by silver staining. A maximum of 102 separate proteins were counted in silve...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The pathway linking late-life malnutrition to greater risk of cardiovascular disease is unclear. Microcirulatory changes assessed by retinal vascular caliber have been linked with increased risk of stroke and coronary heart disease. The purpose of this study was to examine whether retinal vascular calibers are ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.13-13721
更新日期：2014-05-27 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the distribution of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin (IL)-1beta and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and angiogenic cytokines such as vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and to identify their cellular source in surgically excised choroidal neovascular membranes (CNVMs) of various...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effect of systemic hypoxia on the maintained firing rate (MFR) of single retinal ganglion cells has been measured in the cat at a constant luminance level. Systemic hypoxia was produced by reducing the percentage of oxygen in the respiratory mixture under forced ventilation so that arterial PCO2 and pH were consta...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:In patients diagnosed with Best vitelliform macular dystrophy (BVMD), quantitative fundus autofluorescence (qAF), near-infrared fundus autofluorescence (NIR-AF), and spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) were used to elucidate pathogenic mechanisms. Methods:Fourteen patients heterozygous for BE...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.19-26571
更新日期：2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The properties of the oscillatory potentials (OPs) of the mudpuppy electroretinogram (ERG) were studied and compared with the properties of the b-wave of the ERG and the proximal negative response (PNR). Both transretinal and intraretinal ERGs were recorded in response to full-field as well as 200 and 500 microgram sp...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1978-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To demonstrate the application of multiphoton fluorescence (MF) and second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy for ex vivo characterization of the structural alterations of human corneas due to keratoconus. METHODS:Buttons of keratoconic corneas derived from penetrating keratoplasty were sent for structural a...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0386
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The goals of this study were to evaluate the safety of office-based vitreous sampling, and determine the utility of these samples with multiplex cytokine analysis. METHODS:Vitreous samples were collected from office-based needle aspiration and the rate of adverse events during follow-up was reviewed. The vitre...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18721
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The ultrastructure of tight junctions in the corneal endothelium has been studied extensively, yet little is known about their molecular composition. Junctional adhesion molecule-A (JAM-A) is a tight junction-associated adhesion protein previously implicated in tight junction assembly and regulation of barrier ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.05-0745
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
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journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0411
更新日期：2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To identify objective criteria to quantify visual function in the rat for developing therapeutic strategies to protect neuronal cells after ischemia. The impact of ocular ischemia on luminance and frequency-modulated contrast vision was compared with the function of outer retinal cells and the number of intact ...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.07-1050
更新日期：2008-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glaucoma has been known to be associated with a loss of retinal ganglion cells and their axons throughout the fundus and a decreased count of photoreceptors and retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in the parapapillary region. This study investigated whether glaucomatous changes of the deep retinal layer occur outsi...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To investigate the effects of tear film instability (TFI) induced by sustained tear exposure (STARE) on sensory responses to corneal cold, mechanical, and chemical stimuli. Methods:Fifteen normal subjects were enrolled. TFI was induced during 10 repeated trials of STARE. Pneumatic cold, mechanical, and chemica...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.19-27298
更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine whether dexamethasone (DEX)-induced ocular hypertension (OHT) in mice mimics the hallmarks of steroid-induced glaucoma (SIG) in humans, including reduced conventional outflow facility (C), increased extracellular matrix (ECM), and myofibroblasts within the outflow pathway. METHODS:Osmotic mini-pum...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-14429
更新日期：2014-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:The organization of scleral collagen helps to determine the eye's biomechanical response to intraocular pressure (IOP), and may therefore be important in glaucoma. This study provides a quantitative assessment of changes in scleral collagen fibril organization in bead-induced murine experimental glaucoma. METH...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.14-15047
更新日期：2014-09-16 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effects of blocking substance P (SP) interactions with its major receptor (NK1-R) using the antagonist spantide I in susceptible mice infected with Pseudomonas aeruginosa. METHODS:Immunohistochemistry and enzyme immunosorbent assay (EIA) tested levels of SP in the cornea of B6 and BALB/c mice....
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1167/iovs.06-0882
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：Purpose:To review the usefulness of local and systemic inflammatory biomarkers of diabetic retinopathy (DR) to implement a more personalized treatment. Methods:An integrated research (from ophthalmologist and diabetologist point of view) of most significant literature on serum, vitreous, and aqueous humor (AH) biochem...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1167/iovs.17-21769
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advanced macular degeneration is an important cause of vision loss in the United States with over 2 million people affected by the disease. Despite substantial progress in the development of new therapies for wet AMD, the severe visual impairment associated with geographic atrophy in dry AMD or Stargardt disease remai...
journal_title：Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1167/iovs.15-18681
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
