Abstract：
:The microtubule-based motor protein kinesin is thought to drive anterograde organelle transport in axons, but nothing is known about how its force-generating activity or organelle-binding properties are regulated. Studies in other motility systems suggest that protein phosphorylation is a reasonable candidate for this function. I report here that the kinesin heavy chain (HC) and light chain (LC), as well as the 160-kDa kinesin-associated protein kinectin, are phosphorylated in vivo in cultures of chick sympathetic neurons and PC12 cells labeled metabolically with 32P. In neurons, both kinesin chains are phosphorylated exclusively on serine residues, and limiting tryptic digestion demonstrated that the phosphorylation sites are clustered in a region of < or = 5 kDa for the HC and < or = 14 kDa for the LC. Partial tryptic digestion of 32P-labeled HC followed by immunoblotting with SUK4 monoclonal anti-HC and fluorography showed that the sites of HC phosphorylation are outside the globular N-terminal head region where kinesin's microtubule-binding and mechanochemical activities reside. Treatment of metabolically labeled neurons with forskolin, phorbol esters, or calcium ionophore did not alter the extent of phosphorylation, the phosphoamino acid composition, or the V8 protease phosphopeptide maps of the HC, LC, and 160-kDa protein, with one exception: treatment with calcium ionophore reduced the specific activity of the LC. In addition, when kinesin from PC12 cells was compared with that from PC12-derived cell lines lacking protein kinase A activity, neither the extent of phosphorylation nor the phosphopeptide maps were altered for either chain. Phosphopeptide mapping experiments also showed that postlysis kinase activity can phosphorylate both the neuronal HC and LC at sites not phosphorylated in vivo.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Hollenbeck PJdoi
10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb03513.xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1993-06-01 00:00:00pages
2265-75issue
6eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Terminally differentiated PC12 cells are a useful neuron-like model for studying programmed cell death in response to nerve growth factor (NGF) deprivation. This in vitro model was used to investigate the mechanism by which cyanide-induced histotoxic hypoxia produces neuronal degeneration. Treatment of undifferentiate...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.67031039.x
更新日期：1996-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rat cerebral cortex synaptosomes were exposed in superfusion to various depolarizing stimuli and the release of somatostatin-like immunoreactivity (SRIF-LI) was measured by means of a radioimmunoassay procedure. High KCl (9-50 mM) concentration dependently evoked SRIF-LI release; the evoked overflow reached a plateau ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb08287.x
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To better understand amyloid-beta (Abeta) metabolism in vivo, we assessed the concentration of Abeta in the CSF and plasma of APP(V717F) (PDAPP) transgenic mice, a model that develops age-dependent Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathology. In 3-month-old mice, prior to the development of Abeta deposition in the brain, ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00889.x
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two proteins reggie-1/flotillin-2 and reggie-2/flotillin-1 form microdomains at the plasma membrane and at intracellular compartments where src tyrosine kinases associate with them. Specific GPI-anchored proteins, in particular prion protein and Thy-1, co-cluster with reggie microdomains at the plasma membrane and...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07007.x
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Purkinje cell degeneration (pcd) was first identified in a spontaneous mouse mutant showing cerebellar ataxia. In addition to cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), retinal photoreceptors, mitral cells in the olfactory bulb, and a discrete subpopulation of thalamic neurons also degenerate in the mutant brains. The gene resp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14591
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When cultured astroglia are treated with agents that elevate intracellular cyclic AMP, they become process-bearing stellate cells and resemble differentiated astrocytes in vivo. Thrombin rapidly reversed the stellation induced by dibutyryl cyclic AMP, forskolin, or isoproterenol in cultured rat astrocytes; half-maxima...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01228.x
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extracts of rat tissues were subjected to ultracentrifugation on linear density gradients of sucrose (5-20%) and fractions of these gradients were analyzed for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Most of the AChE activity in extracts of vagus nerve was found to sediment at 10S. However, 16S AChE, previously thought ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1980.tb07870.x
更新日期：1980-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG) and Schwann cell myelin protein (SMP) are highly glycosylated members of a newly defined family of cell adhesion molecules belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily that recognize terminal sialic acid residues on N- and O-linked oligosaccharides. The importance of the N-linked ol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68041753.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Platelet-activating factor (PAF) is a potent lipid mediator implicated in various pathological conditions, including CNS neuronal injury. However, the production of PAF by mammalian CNS neurons has not as yet been demonstrated. In the present study, we demonstrate that PAF is produced by cultured rat cerebellar granul...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01239.x
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuroleptics, which are potent dopamine receptor antagonists, are used to treat psychosis. In the striatum, dopamine subtype-2 (D2) receptors interact with high-affinity adenosine subtype-2 (A2a) receptors. To examine the effect of various neuroleptics on the major subtypes of striatal dopamine and adenosine receptors...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.65052057.x
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A great body of evidence points toward a functional interaction between metabotropic glutamate 5 receptors (mGluR5) and NMDA receptors (NMDAR) that enhances synaptic plasticity and cognition. However, the molecular mechanism underlying this interaction remains unclear. Here, we show that co-activation of mGluR5 and NM...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13291
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A photolabile trifluoromethyldiazoketone derivative of kainate (KA), (2'S,3'S,4'R)-2'-carboxy-4'-(2-diazo-1-oxo-3, 3,3-trifluoropropyl)-3'-pyrrolidinyl acetate (DZKA), was synthesized and evaluated as an irreversible inhibitor of the high-affinity KA site on rat forebrain synaptic plasma membranes (SPMs). In the absen...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68041503.x
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Using C8 reversed-phase HPLC in conjunction with sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, we have fractionated proteins contained in human CSFs obtained from patients with schizophrenic disorders. When these proteins were electrophoretically blotted onto polyvinylidene difluoride membrane for direct ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1993.tb02156.x
更新日期：1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:F2-isoprostanes (F2-IsoPs) are well-established sensitive and specific markers of oxidative stress in vivo. Isofurans (IsoFs) are also products of lipid peroxidation, but in contrast to F2-IsoPs, their formation is favored when oxygen tension is increased in vitro or in vivo. Mitochondrial dysfunction in Parkinson's d...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2003.01709.x
更新日期：2003-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetic properties of soluble tyrosine hydroxylase from rat striatum and the activation of the enzyme by the polyanion heparin were assessed as a function of the monovalent cations K+, Na+, tetramethylammonium (TMA+), and Tris. Substitution of K+ or Na+ for TMA+ or Tris can alter the kinetic properties of tyrosine...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1982.tb12541.x
更新日期：1981-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A monoclonal antibody (8-18C5) directed against myelin/oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) induced demyelination in aggregating brain cell cultures. With increasing doses of anti-MOG antibody in the presence of complement, myelin basic protein (MBP) concentration decreased in a dose-related manner. A similar, albeit le...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04173.x
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Transamination of the branched-chain amino acids produces glutamate and branched-chain alpha-ketoacids. The reaction is catalyzed by branched-chain aminotransferase (BCAT), of which there are cytosolic and mitochondrial isoforms (BCATc and BCATm). BCATc accounts for 70% of brain BCAT activity, and contributes at least...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04332.x
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Haptoglobin (Hp) binds hemoglobin (Hb) with high affinity and provides the primary defense against its toxicity after intravascular hemolysis. Neurons are exposed to extracellular Hb after CNS hemorrhage, and a therapeutic effect of Hp via Hb sequestration has been hypothesized. In this study, we tested the hypothesis...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13720
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse models of MPTP intoxication have been used extensively to explore the molecular mechanisms of Parkinson's disease. However, these models present some limitations since; (i) Dopaminergic (DA) cell death occurs rapidly in contrast to the presumably slow evolution of the disease process. (ii) Some of the key histol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05651.x
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:L-Aspartate N-acetyltransferase, a nervous system enzyme that mediates the synthesis of N-acetyl-L-aspartic acid, has been characterized. In the presence of acetyl-CoA, L-aspartate was acetylated 10-fold more efficiently than L-glutamate, and the acetylation of aspartylglutamate was not detectable. Within the nervous ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07240.x
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:At 0 degrees C, when Na+ was the only cation present in the incubation medium, increasing the Na+ concentration from 3 to 10 mM enhanced the affinity of [3H]1-[2-(++di-phenylmethoxy)ethyl]-4-(3-phenyl-2-propenyl)piperaz ine [( 3H]GBR 12783) for the specific binding site present in rat striatal membranes without affect...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb02979.x
更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Microglia are known to be a primary inflammatory cell type in the brain. However, microglial inflammatory responses are attenuated in the injured brain compared to those in cultured pure microglia. In the present study, we found that astrocytes challenged by oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD) or H(2) O(2) released solub...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07004.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epoxyeicosatrienoic acids (EETs) are bioactive eicosanoids produced from arachidonic acid by cytochrome P450 epoxygenases. We previously described the expression of cytochrome P450-2J epoxygenase in rat trigeminal ganglion neurons and that EETs signaling is involved in cerebrovascular dilation resulting from perivascu...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2010.07059.x
更新日期：2010-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pilocarpine-induced seizures are mediated by the M(1) subtype of muscarinic acetylcholine receptor (mAChR), but little is known about the signaling mechanisms linking the receptor to seizures. The extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signaling cascade is activated by M(1) mAChR and is elevated during status epi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2002.00977.x
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholinergic signaling plays an important role in regulating the growth and regeneration of axons in the nervous system. The α7 nicotinic receptor (α7) can drive synaptic development and plasticity in the hippocampus. Here, we show that activation of α7 significantly reduces axon growth in hippocampal neurons by coupli...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12641
更新日期：2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Seven monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) directed to tetrasialoganglioside (GQ1b) were established, purified GQ1b being used for immunization and hybridoma screening. All of the MAbs reacted strongly with GQ1b, although they also reacted with other gangliosides, with different specificities and reactivities. Some MAbs (1H10...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb01901.x
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction of endogenous and exogenous stimulators of innate immunity was examined in primary cultures of mouse microglial cells and macrophages after application of defined Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists [lipopolysaccharide (LPS) (TLR4), the synthetic lipopeptide Pam3Cys-Ser-Lys4 (Pam3Cys) (TLR2) and single-s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2005.03188.x
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Huntington's disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative condition characterized by pathology in the brain and peripheral tissues. Hyperactivity of the innate immune system, due in part to NFκB pathway dysregulation, is an early and active component of HD. Evidence suggests targeting immune disruption may slow disease progres...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13553
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extraction of rat brain membrane-associated protein kinase C with high specific activity was obtained by applying benzyl alcohol (a membrane fluidizer), EDTA, and high hydrostatic pressures. Approximately 50% of total brain-associated activity was extracted from membranes. The pressure-extracted activity had an eightf...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb07284.x
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We assessed the effects of cold and isolation stress on arginine vasopressin (AVP) mRNA in the paraventricular (PVN) and supraoptic (SON) nuclei of the hypothalamus. Vasopressin mRNA levels were determined by in situ hybridization histochemistry at the cellular level. In posterior magnocellular neurons of the PVN isol...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1991.tb03463.x
更新日期：1991-06-01 00:00:00
