Mice lacking major histocompatibility complex class I and class II molecules.

abstract：:During primate evolution, a major factor in lengthening life-span and decreasing age-specific cancer rates may have been improved protective mechanisms against oxygen radicals. We propose that one of these protective systems is plasma uric acid, the level of which increased markedly during primate evolution as a conse...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ames BN,Cathcart R,Schwiers E,Hochstein P

更新日期：1981-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Caenorhabditis elegans sqv mutants are defective in vulval epithelial invagination and have a severe reduction in hermaphrodite fertility. The gene sqv-7 encodes a multitransmembrane hydrophobic protein resembling nucleotide sugar transporters of the Golgi membrane. A Golgi vesicle enriched fraction of Saccharomyces c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berninsone P,Hwang HY,Zemtseva I,Horvitz HR,Hirschberg CB

更新日期：2001-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Glyoxalase I forms part of the glyoxalase pathway that detoxifies reactive aldehydes such as methylglyoxal, using the spontaneously formed glutathione hemithioacetal as substrate. All known eukaryotic enzymes contain zinc as their metal cofactor, whereas the Escherichia coli glyoxalase I contains nickel. Database mini...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vickers TJ,Greig N,Fairlamb AH

更新日期：2004-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse bone marrow-derived Lin(-)-Sca-1(+) endothelial progenitor cell (EPC) has pluripotent abilities such as supporting neovascularization. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) receptor 1 (VEGFR1) (Flt1) recognizes various VEGF isoforms and is critically implicated in a wide range of physiological and pathologic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qi JW,Qin TT,Xu LX,Zhang K,Yang GL,Li J,Xiao HY,Zhang ZS,Li LY

更新日期：2013-08-20 00:00:00

abstract：:We demonstrate how a conventional confocal spinning-disk (CSD) microscope can be converted into a doubly resolving image scanning microscopy (ISM) system without changing any part of its optical or mechanical elements. Making use of the intrinsic properties of a CSD microscope, we illuminate stroboscopically, generati...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schulz O,Pieper C,Clever M,Pfaff J,Ruhlandt A,Kehlenbach RH,Wouters FS,Großhans J,Bunt G,Enderlein J

更新日期：2013-12-24 00:00:00

abstract：:A stable free-radical polymeric derivative of prostaglandin B1 (PGBx) has been synthesized that exhibits regenerative effects on oxidative phosphorylation in aged mitochondria. The molecular weights of the most active preparations fall between 2000 and 2600. PGBx is characterized by a single-line electron spin resonan...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Polis BD,Polis E,Kwong S

更新日期：1979-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) deficiency is the most common blood disorder, presenting multiple symptoms, including hemolytic anemia. It affects 400 million people worldwide, with more than 160 single mutations reported in G6PD. The most severe mutations (about 70) are classified as class I, leading to more...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Horikoshi N,Hwang S,Gati C,Matsui T,Castillo-Orellana C,Raub AG,Garcia AA,Jabbarpour F,Batyuk A,Broweleit J,Xiang X,Chiang A,Broweleit R,Vöhringer-Martinez E,Mochly-Rosen D,Wakatsuki S

更新日期：2021-01-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The adenovirus (Ad) early region 3 (E3) genes code for at least four proteins that inhibit the host immune responses mediated by cytotoxic T lymphocytes and tumor necrosis factor alpha. To evaluate the potential use of these immunoregulatory viral functions in facilitating allogeneic cell transplantation, the Ad E3 ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Efrat S,Fejer G,Brownlee M,Horwitz MS

更新日期：1995-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Skin wound infections are a significant health problem, and antibiotic resistance is on the rise. Mast cells (MCs) have been shown to contribute to host-defense responses in certain bacterial infections, but their role in skin wound superinfection is unknown. We subjected 2 MC-deficient mouse strains to Pseudomonas ae...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zimmermann C,Troeltzsch D,Giménez-Rivera VA,Galli SJ,Metz M,Maurer M,Siebenhaar F

更新日期：2019-10-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial cells (EC) play a central role in inflammatory immune responses and efficiently induce effector functions in T cells, despite lacking the classical costimulatory ligands CD80 and CD86. By using the mAb HIL-131 we now demonstrate that human inducible costimulator-ligand (ICOS-L), a molecule related to CD80/...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Khayyamian S,Hutloff A,Büchner K,Gräfe M,Henn V,Kroczek RA,Mages HW

更新日期：2002-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Fifty cats with feline leukemia virus (FeLV) infection and leukemia-lymphoma complex were treated by ex vivo immunoadsorption with Staphylococcus protein A-bound filters. Most cats responded to therapy. Twelve showed tumor regression, including disappearance of tumor cells, but died later of other complications. Three...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu WT,Engelman RW,Trang LQ,Hau K,Good RA,Day NK

更新日期：1984-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rise of peptides with secondary structures and functions would have been a key step in the chemical evolution which led to life. As with modern biology, amino acid sequence would have been a primary determinant of peptide structure and activity in an origins-of-life scenario. It is a commonly held hypothesis that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Forsythe JG,Petrov AS,Millar WC,Yu SS,Krishnamurthy R,Grover MA,Hud NV,Fernández FM

更新日期：2017-09-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Shell shape and shell thickness of the intertidal snail Littorina obtusata changed markedly between 1871 and 1984 in northern New England. Shells collected prior to 1900 were high-spired with thin walls, whereas shells collected in 1982-84 were low-spired with thick walls. An intertidal crab (Carcinus maenas) which pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seeley RH

更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) catalyzes the formation of malonyl-CoA, the C2 donor for de novo synthesis of long-chain fatty acids. We have identified 64 exons, including 7 alternatively spliced minor exons (1A, 1B, 1C, 3, 5A', 5A, and 5B) in human ACC1 gene ( approximately 330 kb). The gene is regulated by three pr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mao J,Chirala SS,Wakil SJ

更新日期：2003-06-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Obesity is a major health problem worldwide, given its growing incidence and its association with a variety of comorbidities. Weight gain results from an increase in energy intake without a concomitant increase in energy expenditure. To combat the obesity epidemic, many studies have focused on the pathways underlying ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kaspari RR,Reyna-Neyra A,Jung L,Torres-Manzo AP,Hirabara SM,Carrasco N

更新日期：2020-09-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Human T lymphocytes were shown to proliferate in response to tetanus toxoid antigen only in the presence of macrophages. This response was inhibited by anti-DRw but not by anti-HLA (A and B loci) antisera added to the cultures and by pretreatment of macrophages but not of T cells with anti-DRw antisera and complement....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Geha RS,Milgrom H,Broff M,Alpert S,Martin S,Yunis EJ

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An src/yes-related novel gene named syn (SYN in human gene nomenclature) has been identified in the human genome on chromosome 6 and characterized by molecular cloning. Nucleotide sequence analysis of cDNA clones showed that the c-syn gene could encode a protein-tyrosine kinase that is very similar in primary structur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Semba K,Nishizawa M,Miyajima N,Yoshida MC,Sukegawa J,Yamanashi Y,Sasaki M,Yamamoto T,Toyoshima K

更新日期：1986-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The rate of leucine incorporation into a specific estrogen-induced protein of immature rat isolated by gel electrophoresis declines rapidly between 2-4 hr after estrogen stimulation in vivo followed by incubation in vitro. Actinomycin D present during the in vitro phase prevents this decline, and elicits a "superinduc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： DeAngelo AB,Fujimoto GI

更新日期：1973-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The plant vascular system provides transport and support capabilities that are essential for plant growth and development, yet the mechanisms directing the arrangement of vascular bundles within the shoot inflorescence stem remain unknown. We used computational and experimental biology to evaluate the role of auxin an...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ibañes M,Fàbregas N,Chory J,Caño-Delgado AI

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasma membrane fractions from Xenopus laevis oocytes were incorporated into planar lipid bilayers. We show the existence of numerous Ca2+-activated nonspecific channels that are more permeable to anions. These channels are activated by Ca2+ at micromolar concentration but not by Mg2+, Zn2+, or Mn2+, even at millimola...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Young GP,Young JD,Deshpande AK,Goldstein M,Koide SS,Cohn ZA

更新日期：1984-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In mice, recent thymic emigrants (RTEs) make up a large part of the naïve T cell pool and have been suggested to be a distinct short-lived pool. In humans, however, the life span and number of RTEs are unknown. Although (2)H(2)O labeling in young mice showed high thymic-dependent daily naïve T cell production, long te...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vrisekoop N,den Braber I,de Boer AB,Ruiter AF,Ackermans MT,van der Crabben SN,Schrijver EH,Spierenburg G,Sauerwein HP,Hazenberg MD,de Boer RJ,Miedema F,Borghans JA,Tesselaar K

更新日期：2008-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Plasma levels of corticosterone are often used as a measure of "stress" in wild animal populations. However, we lack conclusive evidence that different stress levels reflect different survival probabilities between populations. Galápagos marine iguanas offer an ideal test case because island populations are affected d...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Romero LM,Wikelski M

更新日期：2001-06-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Cancer vaccines genetically engineered to produce interleukin 2 have been investigated intensively in a series of animal models and are at the point of entering into clinical trials. In this study we demonstrate a strong correlation between the rate of interleukin 2 production and the protection efficiency of murine S...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schmidt W,Schweighoffer T,Herbst E,Maass G,Berger M,Schilcher F,Schaffner G,Birnstiel ML

更新日期：1995-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The development of Drosophila requires the function of the CREB-binding protein, dCBP. In flies, dCBP serves as a coactivator for the transcription factors Cubitus interruptus, Dorsal, and Mad, and as a cosuppressor of Drosophila T cell factor. Current models propose that CBP, through its intrinsic and associated hist...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bantignies F,Goodman RH,Smolik SM

更新日期：2002-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Tubular membrane structures are widespread in eukaryotic cells, but the mechanisms underlying their formation and stability are not well understood. Previous work has focused on tube extrusion from cells and model membranes under the application of external forces. Here, we present novel membrane/polymer systems, wher...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li Y,Lipowsky R,Dimova R

更新日期：2011-03-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Wnt signaling is mediated by three classes of receptors, Frizzled, Ryk, and Ror. In Caenorhabditis elegans, Wnt signaling regulates the anterior/posterior polarity of the P7.p vulval lineage, and mutations in lin-17/Frizzled cause loss or reversal of P7.p lineage polarity. We found that pak-1/Pak (p21-activated kinase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goh KY,Ng NW,Hagen T,Inoue T

更新日期：2012-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:CD4+ T cells recognize major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II-bound peptides that are primarily obtained from extracellular sources. Endogenously synthesized proteins that readily enter the MHC class I presentation pathway are generally excluded from the MHC class II presentation pathway. We show here that en...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sanderson S,Frauwirth K,Shastri N

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several domains of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) envelope glycoprotein have been identified that are involved in HIV-1-mediated membrane fusion. One domain that is involved in membrane fusion is the hydrophobic amino terminus of the HIV-1 transmembrane glycoprotein gp41. Here we show that a polar sub...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Freed EO,Delwart EL,Buchschacher GL Jr,Panganiban AT

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:BDF1 [(C57BL/6 X DBA/2)F1] mice were primed with alum-absorbed ovalbumin, and their spleen cells were cultured with ovalbumin to activate antigen-primed T cells. The activated T cells were then propagated in interleukin 2-containing medium in the presence or absence of affinity-purified glycosylation-inhibiting factor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Iwata M,Ishizaka K

更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:After more than two decades of study, many fundamental questions remain unanswered about the dynamics of glass-forming materials confined to thin films. Experiments and simulations indicate that free interfaces enhance dynamics over length scales larger than molecular sizes, and this effect strengthens at lower temper...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ivancic RJS,Riggleman RA

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00