Exploring the energy landscape in proteins.

abstract：:Natural killer T (NKT) cells provide an innate-type immune response upon T cell receptor interaction with CD1d-presented antigens. We demonstrate through equilibrium tetramer binding and antigen presentation assays with Valpha14i-positive NKT cell hybridomas that the Sphingomonas glycolipid alpha-galacturonosyl cerami...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu D,Zajonc DM,Fujio M,Sullivan BA,Kinjo Y,Kronenberg M,Wilson IA,Wong CH

更新日期：2006-03-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in mice causes inflammation in the colon that is accompanied by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and of the substance P (SP), neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) in the proximal mesenteric fat depot. We also investigated whether human mesenteric p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karagiannides I,Kokkotou E,Tansky M,Tchkonia T,Giorgadze N,O'Brien M,Leeman SE,Kirkland JL,Pothoulakis C

更新日期：2006-03-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The BAG6 complex was first identified as an upstream loading factor for tail-anchored membrane proteins entering the TRC40-dependent pathway for posttranslational delivery to the endoplasmic reticulum. Subsequently, BAG6 was shown to enhance the proteasomal degradation of mislocalized proteins by selectively promoting...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Leznicki P,High S

更新日期：2012-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:There is great interest in developing selective protein kinase inhibitors by targeting allosteric sites, but these sites often involve protein-protein or protein-peptide interfaces that are very challenging to target with small molecules. Here we present a systematic approach to targeting a functionally conserved allo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rettenmaier TJ,Sadowsky JD,Thomsen ND,Chen SC,Doak AK,Arkin MR,Wells JA

更新日期：2014-12-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of dystrophin and its associated proteins in normal muscle function is now well established. Many of these proteins are expressed in nonmuscle tissues, particularly the brain. Here we describe the characterization of beta-dystrobrevin, a dystrophin-related protein that is abundantly expressed in brain a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Blake DJ,Nawrotzki R,Loh NY,Górecki DC,Davies KE

更新日期：1998-01-06 00:00:00

abstract：:The x-ray structure of rubredoxin has been refined by energy minimization. The computed structure is constrained to have standard bond lengths, bond angles, and planar trans peptide groups. Also, since most of the steric overlaps have been relieved, it has a very low energy. As judged by the root mean square (RMS) dev...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rasse D,Warme PK,Scheraga HA

更新日期：1974-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is an autoimmune disease characterized by insulitis and islet β-cell loss. Thus, an effective therapy may require β-cell restoration and immune suppression. Currently, there is no treatment that can achieve both goals efficiently. We report here that GABA exerts antidiabetic effects by acting on ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Soltani N,Qiu H,Aleksic M,Glinka Y,Zhao F,Liu R,Li Y,Zhang N,Chakrabarti R,Ng T,Jin T,Zhang H,Lu WY,Feng ZP,Prud'homme GJ,Wang Q

更新日期：2011-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Treatment of lymphocytes with inducers of interferon alpha (IFN-alpha) results in the production of corticotropin (ACTH) and endorphin-like activities. The pro-opiomelanocortin-derived hormones ACTH and alpha-, beta-, and gamma-endorphin and the structurally related hormones [Leu]- and [Met]enkephalin were therefore t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johnson HM,Smith EM,Torres BA,Blalock JE

更新日期：1982-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The remarkable strength of glasses is examined using the random first order transition theory of the glass transition. The theory predicts that strength depends on elastic modulus but also on the configurational energy frozen in when the glass is prepared. The stress catalysis of cooperative rearrangements of the type...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wisitsorasak A,Wolynes PG

更新日期：2012-10-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a) is abundantly expressed in the amygdala complex and other brain regions associated with fear. Studies of mice with a disrupted ASIC1 gene suggested that ASIC1a may contribute to learned fear. To test this hypothesis, we generated mice overexpressing human ASIC1a by using the pa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wemmie JA,Coryell MW,Askwith CC,Lamani E,Leonard AS,Sigmund CD,Welsh MJ

更新日期：2004-03-09 00:00:00

abstract：:In FRTL5 rat thyroid cells, norepinephrine, by interacting with alpha 1-adrenergic receptors, stimulates inositol phosphate formation, through activation of phospholipase C, and arachidonic acid release. Recent studies have shown that GTP-binding proteins couple several types of receptors to phospholipase C activation...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burch RM,Luini A,Axelrod J

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:KRAS interacts with the inner leaflet of the plasma membrane (PM) using a hybrid anchor that comprises a lysine-rich polybasic domain (PBD) and a C-terminal farnesyl chain. Electrostatic interactions have been envisaged as the primary determinant of interactions between KRAS and membranes. Here, we integrated molecula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhou Y,Prakash PS,Liang H,Gorfe AA,Hancock JF

更新日期：2021-02-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The high susceptibility of human immunoglobulin D to proteolytic degradation affects its biological function, metabolism, and immunoassay. High-pressure liquid chromatography was used to investigate the mechanism and rate of limited proteolytic cleavage of IgD and also to identify, isolate, and quantify the reaction p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ishioka N,Takahashi N,Putnam FW

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mahogany (mg) locus originally was identified as a recessive suppressor of agouti, a locus encoding a skin peptide that modifies coat color by antagonizing the melanocyte-stimulating hormone receptor or MC1-R. Certain dominant alleles of agouti cause an obesity syndrome when ectopic expression of the peptide aberr...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dinulescu DM,Fan W,Boston BA,McCall K,Lamoreux ML,Moore KJ,Montagno J,Cone RD

更新日期：1998-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Early conformational events during folding of acyl-CoA binding protein (ACBP), an 86-residue alpha-helical protein, were explored by using a continuous-flow mixing apparatus with a dead time of 70 micros to measure changes in intrinsic tryptophan fluorescence and tryptophan-dansyl fluorescence energy transfer. Althoug...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Teilum K,Maki K,Kragelund BB,Poulsen FM,Roder H

更新日期：2002-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Sexual arousal is a dynamical, highly coordinated neurophysiological process that is often induced by visual stimuli. Numerous studies have proposed that the cognitive processing stage of responding to sexual stimuli is the first stage, in which sex differences occur, and the divergence between men and women has been ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mitricheva E,Kimura R,Logothetis NK,Noori HR

更新日期：2019-07-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We have used the 1.1 kilobases of the 5' upstream region of the platelet factor four (PF4) gene coupled to the prokaryotic beta-galactosidase gene to generate two lines of transgenic mice that express this construct. Studies of blood, bone marrow, spleen, and thymus reveal that platelets are the only circulating blood...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ravid K,Beeler DL,Rabin MS,Ruley HE,Rosenberg RD

更新日期：1991-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The nucleolinus is an RNA-rich compartment, closely apposed to or embedded within the nucleolus. Discovered over 150 y ago, fewer than two dozen articles have been published on the nucleolinus, probably because complex histochemical stains are required for its visualization in the great majority of cells. The nucleoli...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Alliegro MA,Henry JJ,Alliegro MC

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA in the macronuclei of Oxytricha fallax, as in other hypotrichous ciliate protozoa, exists as small, achromosomal molecules rather than in chromosomes. We report studies on O. fallax DNA using physicochemical procedures and nucleic acid hybridization. Macronuclear DNA molecules range in size from 22 kilobase pairs ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rae PM,Spear BB

更新日期：1978-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rotavirus is considered a directly transmitted disease due to its high infectivity. Environmental pathways have, therefore, largely been ignored. Rotavirus, however, persists in water sources, and both its surface water concentrations and infection incidence vary with temperature. Here, we examine the potential for wa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kraay ANM,Brouwer AF,Lin N,Collender PA,Remais JV,Eisenberg JNS

更新日期：2018-03-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Drug discovery in psychiatry has been limited to chemical modifications of compounds originally discovered serendipitously. Therefore, more mechanism-oriented strategies of drug discovery for mental disorders are awaited. Schizophrenia is a devastating mental disorder with synaptic disconnectivity involved in its path...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hayashi-Takagi A,Araki Y,Nakamura M,Vollrath B,Duron SG,Yan Z,Kasai H,Huganir RL,Campbell DA,Sawa A

更新日期：2014-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:GM54VA human cells transformed by simian virus 40 (SV40) were fused with peritoneal macrophages obtained from three different mouse strains. All 27 hybrid clones studied were positive for SV40 tumor antigen in 100% of their cells and contained human chromosome 17. Human chromosome 17 was the only human chromosome pres...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Croce CM

更新日期：1977-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Quinate:NAD(+) 3-oxidoreductase (EC 1.1.1.24) from carrot cell suspension cultures has previously been shown to be activated by phosphorylation and inactivated by dephosphorylation. Here it is shown that the reactivation of the inactivated quinate:NAD(+) oxidoreductase is an enzyme-mediated process that requires ATP a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ranjeva R,Refeno G,Boudet AM,Marmé D

更新日期：1983-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mouse granulocyte-macrophage progenitor cells were stimulated to divide by the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF). The two daughter cells were separated; one daughter was transferred to medium containing a high concentration of GM-CSF, the other to medium containing a low concentration. Daughter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Metcalf D

更新日期：1980-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:P-glycoprotein is an ATP-binding cassette multidrug transporter that actively transports chemically diverse substrates across the lipid bilayer. The precise molecular mechanism underlying transport is not fully understood. Here, we present crystal structures of a eukaryotic P-glycoprotein homolog, CmABCB1 from Cyanidi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kodan A,Yamaguchi T,Nakatsu T,Sakiyama K,Hipolito CJ,Fujioka A,Hirokane R,Ikeguchi K,Watanabe B,Hiratake J,Kimura Y,Suga H,Ueda K,Kato H

更新日期：2014-03-18 00:00:00

abstract：:To examine the in vivo role(s) of type I interferons (IFNs) and to determine the role of a component of the type I IFN receptor (IFNAR1) in mediating responses to these IFNs, we generated mice with a null mutation (-/-) in the IFNAR1 gene. Despite compelling evidence for modulation of cell proliferation and differenti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hwang SY,Hertzog PJ,Holland KA,Sumarsono SH,Tymms MJ,Hamilton JA,Whitty G,Bertoncello I,Kola I

更新日期：1995-11-21 00:00:00

abstract：:Heme is a common factor linking several metabolic perturbations in Alzheimer's disease (AD), including iron metabolism, mitochondrial complex IV, heme oxygenase, and bilirubin. Therefore, we determined whether heme metabolism was altered in temporal lobes obtained at autopsy from AD patients and age-matched nondemente...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atamna H,Frey WH 2nd

更新日期：2004-07-27 00:00:00

abstract：:AB5 bacterial toxins and polyomaviruses induce membrane curvature as a mechanism to facilitate their entry into host cells. How membrane bending is accomplished is not yet fully understood but has been linked to the simultaneous binding of the pentameric B subunit to multiple copies of glycosphingolipid receptors. Her...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kabbani AM,Raghunathan K,Lencer WI,Kenworthy AK,Kelly CV

更新日期：2020-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Facial expressions of emotion in humans are believed to be produced by contracting one's facial muscles, generally called action units. However, the surface of the face is also innervated with a large network of blood vessels. Blood flow variations in these vessels yield visible color changes on the face. Here, we stu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Benitez-Quiroz CF,Srinivasan R,Martinez AM

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Most HLA haplotypes carry two expressed DR beta-chain genes; in the DR4 haplotype, the polymorphic locus has been called DR beta 1 and the apparently nonpolymorphic locus has been called DR beta 2. We have isolated nearly full-length DR beta-chain cDNA clones representing each of these two loci from a cell line homozy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Curtsinger JM,Hilden JM,Cairns JS,Bach FH

更新日期：1987-01-01 00:00:00