Abstract:
:Intracolonic administration of trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid in mice causes inflammation in the colon that is accompanied by increased expression of proinflammatory cytokines and of the substance P (SP), neurokinin 1 receptor (NK-1R) in the proximal mesenteric fat depot. We also investigated whether human mesenteric preadipocytes contain NK-1R and examined the functional consequences of exposure of these cells to SP as it relates to proinflammatory signaling. We found that human mesenteric preadipocytes express NK-1R both at the mRNA and protein levels. Exposure of human mesenteric preadipocytes to SP increased NK-1R mRNA and protein expression by 3-fold, and stimulated IL-8 mRNA expression and protein secretion. This effect was abolished when these cells were pretreated with the specific NK-1R antagonist CJ 012,255. Moreover, human mesenteric preadipocytes transfected with a luciferase promoter/reporter system containing the IL-8 promoter with a mutated NF-kappaB site lost their ability to respond to SP, indicating that SP-induced IL-8 expression is NF-kappaB-dependent. This report indicates that human mesenteric preadipocytes contain functional SP receptors that are linked to proinflammatory pathways, and that SP can directly increase NK-1R expression. We speculate that mesenteric fat depots may participate in intestinal inflammatory responses via SP-NK-1R-related pathways, as well as other systemic responses to the presence of an ongoing inflammation of the colon.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Karagiannides I,Kokkotou E,Tansky M,Tchkonia T,Giorgadze N,O'Brien M,Leeman SE,Kirkland JL,Pothoulakis Cdoi
10.1073/pnas.0600821103keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-03-28 00:00:00pages
5207-12issue
13eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0600821103journal_volume
103pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We report the molecular cloning of the first beta-1,3 glucanase from animal tissue. Three peptide sequences were obtained from beta-1,3 glucanase that had been purified from eggs of the sea urchin Strongylocentrotus purpuratus and the gene was cloned by PCR using oligonucleotides deduced from the peptide sequences. Th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.13.6808
更新日期:1996-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::We have isolated three classes of monoclonal antibodies against Drosophila cell-surface antigens that are expressed with positional specificity in imaginal discs. Comparison of immunofluorescence patterns with the wing-disc fate map reveals that expression of the antigens is not directly related to the specific type o...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.23.7485
更新日期:1984-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Six alternative hypotheses for the phylogenetic origin of Bilateria are evaluated by using complete 18S rRNA gene sequences for 52 taxa. These data suggest that there is little support for three of these hypotheses. Bilateria is not likely to be the sister group of Radiata or Ctenophora, nor is it likely that Bilateri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.26.15458
更新日期:1998-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of agricultural plant species, including corn, respond to insect herbivore damage by releasing large quantities of volatile compounds and, as a result, become highly attractive to parasitic wasps that attack the herbivores. An elicitor of plant volatiles, N-(17-hydroxylinolenoyl)-L-glutamine, named volicitin...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.23.13971
更新日期:1998-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::To investigate how cell population density influences the intracellular concentration of cyclic AMP we have measured adenylate cyclase and cyclic AMP phosphodiesterase activities and cyclic AMP levels at various stages of cell density in normal rat-kidney (NRK) cells, which exhibit contact-inhibition of growth, and in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.70.12.3802
更新日期:1973-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Helodermin is a vasoactive intestinal peptide-like peptide in the salivary gland venom of the lizard Heloderma suspectum. Helodermin-like immunofluorescence was observed in the parafollicular (C) cells in several mammals and in the C cell homologues of the chicken ultimobranchial gland. Thus, helodermin-like peptides ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.4.1357
更新日期:1989-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::ATP-dependent RNA ligases are agents of RNA repair that join 3'-OH and 5'-PO4 RNA ends. Naegleria gruberi RNA ligase (NgrRnl) exemplifies a family of RNA nick-sealing enzymes found in bacteria, viruses, and eukarya. Crystal structures of NgrRnl at three discrete steps along the reaction pathway-covalent ligase-(lysyl-...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1516536112
更新日期:2015-11-10 00:00:00
abstract::Evolution of new enzymatic activities is believed to require a period of gene sharing in which a single enzyme must serve both its original function and a new function that has become advantageous to the organism. Subsequent gene duplication allows one copy to maintain the original function, while the other diverges t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0804804105
更新日期:2008-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::We present the first experimental evidence to our knowledge that ingroup relations attenuate core disgust and that this helps explain the ability of groups to coact. In study 1, 45 student participants smelled a sweaty t-shirt bearing the logo of another university, with either their student identity (ingroup conditio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1517027113
更新日期:2016-03-08 00:00:00
abstract::Protein 2.1 is a 210-kilodalton protein that connects erythrocyte spectrin to the NH2-terminal cytoplasmic domain of band 3 and thereby functions as the essential linkage between the membrane skeleton and the bilayer. We cleaved this protein into specific chemical domains by limited digestion with trypsin and alpha-ch...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.13.4095
更新日期:1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Methionine sulfoxide reductase A (MsrA) catalyzes the reduction of methionine sulfoxide to methionine and is specific for the S epimer of methionine sulfoxide. The enzyme participates in defense against oxidative stresses by reducing methionine sulfoxide residues in proteins back to methionine. Because oxidation of me...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1101275108
更新日期:2011-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::A temperature-sensitive (ts) mutant, GA 907/7, was isolated after mutagen treatment of avian myeloblastosis virus. When bone marrow cells or secondary yolk sac macrophages were infected with GA 907/7, the expression of transformation was greatly reduced at 41 degrees C. The results of temperature-shift experiments sug...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.5.1421
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The genes coding for apolipoproteins (apo) AI, CIII, and AIV, designated APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4, respectively, are closely linked and tandemly organized in the long arm of the human chromosome 11. A DNA rearrangement involving the genes encoding apoAI and apoCIII in certain patients with premature atherosclerosis has...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.20.7198
更新日期:1987-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of Gly-93 and Gly-94 in transmembrane segment M1 of the Na+,K+-ATPase for interaction with Na+ and K+ was demonstrated by functional analysis of mutants Gly-93-Ala and Gly-94-Ala. In the crystal structures of the Ca2+-ATPase, the corresponding residues, Asp-59 and Leu-60, are located exactly where M1 be...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501201102
更新日期:2005-08-09 00:00:00
abstract::The polymerase chain reaction was used to amplify DNA surrounding the codon 12 region of the c-Ki-ras gene from C3H/10T1/2 cells and from a number of 3-methylcholanthrene (MCA)-transformed derivatives of these cells. Sequence analysis demonstrated that tumorigenic MCAC116/39 cells, known by DNA-mediated transfection t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.5.1608
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Efficient and reliable classification of visual stimuli requires that their representations reside a low-dimensional and, therefore, computationally manageable feature space. We investigated the ability of the human visual system to derive such representations from the sensory input-a highly nontrivial task, given the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.21.12046
更新日期:1996-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Anti-TRAP (AT) is a small zinc-binding protein that regulates tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis by binding to tryptophan-bound trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), thereby preventing it from binding RNA, and allowing transcription and translation of the trpEDCFBA operon. Crystallographic and sediment...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1004981107
更新日期:2010-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Habitat loss and disease are main drivers of global amphibian declines, yet the interaction between them remains largely unexplored. Here we show that paradoxically, habitat loss is negatively associated with occurrence, prevalence, and infection intensity of the chytrid fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd) in a...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1014497108
更新日期:2011-06-14 00:00:00
abstract::One of the serious limitations of tokamaks as reactors is the occurrence of disruptions. Stellarators designed by advanced computational methods provide an attractive alternative for a major experiment in magnetic fusion research. Configurations with approximate two-dimensional magnetic symmetry have been found with h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.3.972
更新日期:2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We explored the conformational landscape of the proteinogenic amino acid serine [CH(2)OH CH(NH(2)) COOH] in the gas phase. Solid serine was vaporized by laser ablation, expanded in a supersonic jet, and characterized by Fourier transform microwave spectroscopy. In the isolation conditions of the jet there have been di...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0705676104
更新日期:2007-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::IFN-gamma treatment of cells leads to tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) 1 followed by dimerization through a reciprocal Src homology 2-phosphotyrosine interaction near the -COOH end of each monomer, forming a parallel structure that accumulates in the nucleus to drive ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501063102
更新日期:2005-03-15 00:00:00
abstract::Aged rats, displaying impairments in spatial learning and memory associated with marked cellular atrophy of forebrain cholinergic neurons, received intracerebroventricular infusions of one of the four neurotrophins nerve growth factor (NGF), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), neurotrophin 3 (NT-3), or neurotrop...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.18.8607
更新日期:1994-08-30 00:00:00
abstract::Epidermal growth factor (EGF), transforming growth factor alpha (TGF-alpha), and amphiregulin are structurally and functionally related growth regulatory proteins. These secreted polypeptides all bind to the 170-kDa cell-surface EGF receptor, activating its intrinsic kinase activity. However, amphiregulin exhibits dif...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.13.4905
更新日期:1990-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fast neurotransmission requires that docked synaptic vesicles be located near the presynaptic N-type or P/Q-type calcium channels. Specific protein-protein interactions between a synaptic protein interaction (synprint) site on N-type and P/Q-type channels and the presynaptic SNARE proteins syntaxin, SNAP-25, and synap...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.26.14782
更新日期:1997-12-23 00:00:00
abstract::Colonization of land by plants was a major transition on Earth, but the developmental and genetic innovations required for this transition remain unknown. Physiological studies and the fossil record strongly suggest that the ability of the first land plants to form symbiotic associations with beneficial fungi was one ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1515426112
更新日期:2015-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::The AAA-ATPase thyroid hormone receptor interacting protein 13 (TRIP13), jointly with the Mad2-binding protein p31(comet), promotes the inactivation of the mitotic (spindle assembly) checkpoint by disassembling the mitotic checkpoint complex (MCC). This checkpoint system ensures the accuracy of chromosome segregation ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1515358112
更新日期:2015-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::The flavin cofactor in photoenzyme photolyase and photoreceptor cryptochrome may exist in an oxidized state and should be converted into reduced state(s) for biological functions. Such redox changes can be efficiently achieved by photoinduced electron transfer (ET) through a series of aromatic residues in the enzyme. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1311073110
更新日期:2013-08-06 00:00:00
abstract::Learning the properties of an image associated with human gaze placement is important both for understanding how biological systems explore the environment and for computer vision applications. There is a large literature on quantitative eye movement models that seeks to predict fixations from images (sometimes termed...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1510393112
更新日期:2015-12-29 00:00:00
abstract::In adult rodents, neurons are continually generated in the subventricular zone of the forebrain, from where they migrate tangentially toward the olfactory bulb, the only known target for these neuronal precursors. Within the main olfactory bulb, they ascend radially into the granule and periglomerular cell layers, whe...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.97.4.1823
更新日期:2000-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Skeletal muscle cells have served as a paradigm for understanding mechanisms leading to cellular differentiation. The proliferation and differentiation of muscle precursor cells require the concerted activity of myogenic regulatory factors including MyoD. In addition, chromatin modifiers mediate dynamic modifications ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1111628109
更新日期:2012-01-17 00:00:00