Abstract：
:Surgical education in the United Kingdom has evolved to meet the need of the National Health Service (NHS) for a relatively small body of consultants practicing autonomously and carrying ultimate clinical responsibility for their patients. This form of specialist practice is markedly different from that found in most other countries and has necessitated a longer, more comprehensive training program than is usual where hospital specialists work more in teams and under the supervision of a head of department. Because the ratio of specialists to population is low, case loads are high. Trainees obtain excellent experience and rapidly assume clinical responsibility. Service commitments have increasingly conflicted with the need for more formal educational activity, and the financial problems of the NHS have latterly reduced opportunities for clinical training as well. Scientific advances in surgery have removed a range of cases from the operative repertoire of younger trainees. As a result, it is becoming increasingly difficult to provide trainees with opportunities to develop their surgical skills. The duration of surgical training in the United Kingdom is largely dictated by the availability of consultant posts. It could be shortened substantially with no loss of quality, but only if considerable additional funding were made available to the NHS. There seems little prospect of this boost at present and the impoverishment of the NHS is having an increasingly detrimental effect on standards of surgical education.
journal_name
World J Surgjournal_title
World journal of surgeryauthors
Brearley Sdoi
10.1007/BF00298916subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1994-09-01 00:00:00pages
725-9; discussion 724issue
5eissn
0364-2313issn
1432-2323journal_volume
18pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Radiation therapy has been widely used for palliative management of inoperable metastatic malignant melanoma. For patients with nodal disease, response rates of approximately 70% have been reported. There are limited data concerning the role of adjuvant irradiation following therapeutic lymph node dissection. In this ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00299160
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Idiopathic portal hypertension (IPH) requires invasive measures to prevent rupture and bleeding of esophagogastric varices. However, the long-term results of shunt surgery for IPH have not been reported. In particular, the pros and cons of surgery that preserves the spleen and its long-term hematologic effects have no...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-7656-9
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It has been suggested that gender and age could be factors that influence the likelihood of success following antireflux surgery, and our anecdotal impression has been that the outcome following Nissen fundoplication in older women is often disappointing. If correct, characterization of the extent of any dif...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-009-0216-y
更新日期：2009-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic pilonidal disease is a debilitating condition that typically affects young adults. There is a wide variety of available therapeutic strategies reflecting the inconsistent outcomes attributed to the various operative approaches. The majority involve excision of the sinus tract followed by either prima...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-011-1138-z
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic anal fissure (CAF) is a linear split of the anoderm. The minimally invasive management of CAF such as botulinum toxin (BT) injection is recommended. However, the exact efficient dose of BT, number of injections per session and the injection sites are still debatable. The aim of this analysis was to a...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-016-3693-9
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A family history of colorectal cancer is a known risk factor for the disease. As a result of different study designs from different populations, the strength of this association varies in the literature. We intended to define the incidence and the risk predictors in first-degree relatives of patients with colorectal c...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002689900217
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In 1947, a patient with metastatic islet cell tumor was treated for intractable ulcer disease at the University of Chicago Medical Center. Eight years later, in retrospect, it was recognized that he and another patient had the Zollinger-Ellison syndrome (ZE). From 1947 until the present, 30 patients with the ZE syndro...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01658530
更新日期：1990-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aims to determine the prevalence and predictive factors for recurrence after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) and for sentinel lymph node positivity by SLNB in our population. METHODS:We followed up all SLNBs performed between 2002 and 2010 and analyzed data by R (version2.10.1), considering p <...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-011-1420-0
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Retroperitoneal soft tissue sarcomas (RSTS) are a rare and uncommon entity with a poor 5-year overall survival (OS) of approximately 50%, even though they rarely metastasize. The aim of the present study was to analyze the survival of patients with RSTS treated at our institution. PATIENTS AND METHODS:Patie...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-010-0473-9
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The release of the neuronal protein S-100B into the circulation has been suggested as an early indication of cellular brain damage. The objective of this prospective pilot study was to determine S-100B serum levels in patients undergoing cross-clamping during carotid endarterectomy (CEA) and to correlate the results w...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-002-6547-6
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Papillary thyroid carcinoma is a frequent thyroid cancer. Many factors have been reported to be of prognostic importance, but the significance of biologic factors suggesting aggressiveness and proliferating activity has not been sufficiently documented. Conventional prognostic factors such as age, extrathyroidal invas...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002689900551
更新日期：1998-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eighty patients undergoing cholecystectomy were either assigned deliberately (n = 30) or randomized (n = 50) to drainage (n = 38) or nondrainage (n = 42). Subhepatic collections were seen on ultrasonography (US) after 48 to 72 hours in 12 of 35 patients with drainage and 24 of 42 patients without drainage (p < 0.05). ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/BF01655718
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Traditional chemotherapy agents adversely affect wound healing and need to be held prior to or after surgery. Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) and targeted agents are now standard of care for the several treatment cancers. We hypothesize that ICI and targeted therapy do not have similar adverse effects on...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00268-019-05314-2
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary hyperparathyroidism was investigated using the presence of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) from the immunohistochemical viewpoint with an anti-bFGF antibody in hyperplastic parathyroid glands of patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type I (MEN-I) and of patients with non-MEN. The results correspond...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00299109
更新日期：1994-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although a number of histologic and treatment factors that individually and in combination predict for an increased risk of local recurrence after breast conserving surgery can be identified, none so obviously compromises survival that breast conservation is contraindicated because that risk factor is present. In-brea...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00348195
更新日期：1994-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aims of this study were to investigate predictive factors for microscopic portal venous invasion (mPVI) in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and whether anatomical liver resection (ALR) was useful in such cases. METHODS:We analyzed 852 patients with HCC without macroscopic portal venous invasion who were t...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-017-3964-0
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:This study assesses the incidence of missed pelvic injuries in the pre-hospital setting. METHODS:All blunt trauma patients (ISS ≥ 9) with pre-hospital suspicion of and/or radiologically proven pelvic fracture documented in the TraumaRegister DGU® (TR-DGU) of the German Trauma Society DGU (2002-2011) were ...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1007/s00268-016-3647-2
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The role of circular staplers in gastroduodenostomy during subtotal gastrectomy for gastric cancer has not been defined clearly. METHODS:A randomized clinical trial included patients with gastric cancer who underwent subtotal gastrectomy with either stapled (99 patients) or handsewn gastroduodenostomy (98 p...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1007/s00268-011-1038-2
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of this work was to study the impact of anemia on surgical outcomes and the impact of instituting appropriate workup and treatment of anemia on surgical outcomes. METHODS:We conducted a case-control retrospective chart review of all hernia repair, hydrocele repair, and hysterectomy cases at the SEAR...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-012-1615-z
更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are three basic roles of laparoscopic surgery for patients with colorectal cancer. First, although infrequently needed prior to therapy, diagnostic or staging laparoscopy may be valuable in certain colorectal cancer patients. Second, the laparoscopic approach may offer several attractive features for the palliat...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s002689900294
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is the standard of care for staging N0 primary early breast cancers (EBC). Patients in developing countries mostly present with large (LOBC) or locally advanced cancers (LABC) and are treated with neo-adjuvant chemotherapy (NACT). Accuracy of SLNB in staging stage III N0 a...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-015-3222-2
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The morbidity and mortality of anastomotic complications after esophagectomy have gradually decreased in recent years. However, swallowing difficulties and reflux continue to burden patients jeopardizing their quality of life. In the present study we performed endoscopic evaluation of the outcomes of esophag...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-008-9664-z
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a retrospective study the clinical course of 40 patients with symptomatic persistent or recurrent parathyroid cancer was analyzed in order to assess the value of aggressive surgical intervention. Recurrence was diagnosed after a median period of 33 months (1-228 months). Twenty-two patients had locoregional disease...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00353773
更新日期：1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The appropriate surgical approach for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients of Child-Pugh class B is unclear. The aim of this study was to clarify the prognostic factors after hepatectomy in Child-Pugh class B patients and to delineate the selection criteria for hepatectomy. METHODS:One hundred fifty pati...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-010-0929-y
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Postoperative liver failure (PHLF) is one of the most common complications following major hepatectomy. The preoperative assessment of future liver remnant (FLR) function is critical to predict the incidence of PHLF. OBJECTIVE:To determine the efficacy of the plasma clearance rate of indocyanine green clear...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-016-3441-1
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:It is now generally believed that regulatory T cells (Tregs) play an important role in peripheral tolerance, and a defect in Tregs is considered one of the most important factors in the induction of various kinds of autoimmune disease including ulcerative colitis (UC). Here, we examined the change in frequen...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-005-0301-9
更新日期：2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The postoperative functional advantages of a proximal gastrectomy over a total gastrectomy remain debatable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional outcomes of a proximal gastrectomy with jejunal interposition (PG-JI), compared with those for a total gastrectomy with Roux-en-Y esophagojejunosto...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-015-3180-8
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The most common causes of variceal bleeding are cirrhosis, schistosomiasis, and extrahepatic portal venous obstruction. The prognosis for an individual patient depends on the severity of the bleeding episode and the underlying liver function. Liver function is determined to a large extent by the underlying liver patho...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF00294397
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:A majority of patients with end-stage renal disease suffer from secondary hyperparathyroidism, which is associated with osteoporosis and cardiovascular disease. Parathyroidectomy (PTX) is often necessary despite medical treatment. However, the effect of PTX on cardio- and cerebrovascular events (CVE) remains...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-019-05020-z
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Many patients who undergo emergency laparotomy are working, which is a key determinant for an individual's socio-economic status and financial security. The objectives of this study were to compare labour market participation and sick leave in a nationwide patient population undergoing non-malignant emergenc...
journal_title：World journal of surgery
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00268-018-4830-4
更新日期：2019-03-01 00:00:00
