Abstract:
:The phosphodiester bond formation by DNA-dependent RNA-polymerase (RNA nucleotidyltransferase, nucleosidetriphosphate:RNA nucleotidyltransferase, EC 2.7.7.6) can in principle result in retention, inversion, or racemization of configuration at the alpha-phosphorus of the nucleoside 5'-triphosphate being polymerized. As a first step in elucidating the stereochemistry of this reaction, one diastereomer (A) of adenosine 5'-O-(1-thiotriphosphate) (ATPalphaS) was polymerized with UTP in the presence of poly(dA-dT)-poly(dA-dT). The resulting polymer was enzymatically cleaved to uridine 2',3'-cyclic phosphorothioate which was determined to be the endo-isomer by comparison with an authentic sample. This shows that no reacemization had occurred and that isomer A of ATPalphaS gives a phosphorothioate diester bond with the R-configuration. Whether this represents inversion of retention of configuration awaits elucidation of the absolute configuration of isomer A for ATPalphaS.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Eckstein F,Armstrong VW,Sternbach Hdoi
10.1073/pnas.73.9.2987subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1976-09-01 00:00:00pages
2987-90issue
9eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
73pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The small-component origins of herpes simplex virus 1 DNA synthesis are transcribed late in infection by an RNA with heterogeneous initiation sites approximately 290-360 base pairs from the origins. We report that cellular proteins react with a labeled RNA probe representing the 5' terminus of a subset of this RNA but...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.17.6518
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abstract::The immune defense against viral infections involves cytotoxic T lymphocytes that recognize viral products in the context of class I major histocompatibility complex (MHC) antigens. To evade such immune surveillance viruses may have evolved various strategies to manipulate the expression of class I antigens. Adenoviru...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.24.9665
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.1722281115
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.161479898
更新日期:2001-07-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::IL-17A is a therapeutic target in many autoimmune diseases. Most nonhematopoietic cells express IL-17A receptors and respond to extracellular IL-17A by inducing proinflammatory cytokines. The IL-17A signal transduction triggers two broad, TRAF6- and TRAF5-dependent, intracellular signaling pathways to produce represen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2020-10-06 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2016-06-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1996-05-28 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:1994-10-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.13.7364
更新日期:1999-06-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2014-03-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2006-01-17 00:00:00
abstract::Calcium/phospholipid-dependent protein kinase (protein kinase C, PKC) has been suggested to play a role in the sensitivity of gamma-aminobutyrate type A (GABAA) receptors to ethanol. We tested a line of null mutant mice that lacks the gamma isoform of PKC (PKC gamma) to determine the role of this brain-specific isoenz...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.92.9.3658
更新日期:1995-04-25 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2008-11-18 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0408500102
更新日期:2005-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Protein phosphorylation is a ubiquitous and one of the most effective means of regulating protein activity. Receptor phosphorylation is a key event in signal transduction. The question, therefore, that arises is whether this modulatory mechanism might produce functional changes in a membrane receptor in the absence of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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doi:10.1073/pnas.88.22.10213
更新日期:1991-11-15 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2009-05-19 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
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更新日期:2008-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate remote detection of nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) with a microchip sensor consisting of a microfluidic channel and a microfabricated vapor cell (the heart of an atomic magnetometer). Detection occurs at zero magnetic field, which allows operation of the magnetometer in the spin-exchange relaxation-fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711505105
更新日期:2008-02-19 00:00:00
abstract::In Arabidopsis thaliana, biosynthesis of the essential thiol antioxidant, glutathione (GSH), is plastid-regulated, but many GSH functions, including heavy metal detoxification and plant defense activation, depend on cytosolic GSH. This finding suggests that plastid and cytosol thiol pools are closely integrated and we...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0913689107
更新日期:2010-02-02 00:00:00