Abstract:
:Paraquat is a synthetic bipyridylium salt widely used as herbicide and defoliant. Enzyme-catalyzed redoxcycling of paraquat generates oxygen radicals. The toxic, even lethal, effects of paraquat are due to free radical-mediated tissue injury. Ocular lesions, sometimes quite severe, have been observed following accidental splashing of paraquat solutions onto the eyes. These studies were designed to document the generation of paraquat free radicals in corneal tissue, and to describe the histological nature of the corneal injuries in experimental animals (rabbits and monkeys). The EPR spectrum of rabbit corneas, 30 min. after intrastromal injection of paraquat, showed the signal of the free radical of paraquat. Ultrastructural studies of corneas 8 days after intrastromal injections (100 microliters) of paraquat solutions showed that the initial lesions occur at the epithelium/basement membrane interface. In rabbit cornea, dose dependent lesions were observed, i.e. whereas 50 mM paraquat caused only minimal damage to the epithelial basement membrane, 75 mM caused complete dissolution to the basement membrane with some damage to stromal collagen, and loss of epithelium with stromal ulceration and severe inflammatory response were observed with 150 mM paraquat. Monkey corneas were less susceptible than those of rabbits to the effects of paraquat. No lesions were observed following intrastromal injections of 50 mM or 75 mM paraquat. With higher concentrations of paraquat (100 mM and 150 mM) the primary injuries were to the proximal and lateral plasma membranes of basal epithelial cells; basement membrane alterations were detected only adjacent to areas of significant plasma membrane damage. The underlying Bowman's membrane and stroma were not affected. Anatomical differences between the corneas of rabbit and monkeys as well as possible biochemical differences may account for the species differences observed.
journal_name
Free Radic Resjournal_title
Free radical researchauthors
Nordquist RE,Nguyen H,Poyer JL,Carubelli Rdoi
10.3109/10715769509064020subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-07-01 00:00:00pages
61-71issue
1eissn
1071-5762issn
1029-2470journal_volume
23pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Anxiety disorders are the most common mental illness in the USA affecting 18% of the population. The cause(s) of anxiety disorders is/are not completely clear, and research in the neurobiology of anxiety at the molecular level is still rather limited. Although mounting clinical and preclinical evidence now indicates t...
journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Free radical research
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3109/10715769509065255
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pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Free radical research
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-02-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1080/1071576021000006626
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Free radical research
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pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Free radical research
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title:Free radical research
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更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Free radical research
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更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
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更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00