Role of aromatic residues in stabilization of the [Fe4S4] cluster in high-potential iron proteins (HiPIPs): physical characterization and stability studies of Tyr-19 mutants of Chromatium vinosum HiPIP.

abstract：:Evolutionary game dynamics describe not only frequency-dependent genetic evolution, but also cultural evolution in humans. In this context, successful strategies spread by imitation. It has been shown that the details of strategy update rules can have a crucial impact on evolutionary dynamics in theoretical models and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Traulsen A,Semmann D,Sommerfeld RD,Krambeck HJ,Milinski M

更新日期：2010-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Parathyroid hormone (PTH) is central to calcium homeostasis and bone maintenance in vertebrates, and as such it has been used for treating osteoporosis. It acts primarily by binding to its receptor, PTH1R, a member of the class B G protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) family that also includes receptors for glucagon, calci...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pioszak AA,Xu HE

更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Archaeologists often argue whether Paleolithic works of art, cave paintings in particular, constitute reflections of the natural environment of humans at the time. They also debate the extent to which these paintings actually contain creative artistic expression, reflect the phenotypic variation of the surrounding env...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pruvost M,Bellone R,Benecke N,Sandoval-Castellanos E,Cieslak M,Kuznetsova T,Morales-Muñiz A,O'Connor T,Reissmann M,Hofreiter M,Ludwig A

更新日期：2011-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Ice streams are narrow corridors of fast-flowing ice that constitute the arterial drainage network of ice sheets. Therefore, changes in ice stream flow are key to understanding paleoclimate, sea level changes, and rapid disintegration of ice sheets during deglaciation. The dynamics of ice flow are tightly coupled to t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mantelli E,Bertagni MB,Ridolfi L

更新日期：2016-08-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The temporal and spatial patterns of floral determination in cultured internode segments of Nicotiana tabacum L. cv. Wisconsin 38 were investigated. Segments from internodes, when cultured on hormone-free medium, either produced some de novo floral shoots or produced only vegetative shoots. Segments that produced some...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Singer SR,McDaniel CN

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the 7 years since dynamin was first isolated from bovine brain in search of novel microtubule-based motors, our understanding of this enzyme has expanded significantly. We now know that brain dynamin belongs to a family of large GTPases, which mediate vesicle trafficking. Furthermore, this enzymatic activity is mar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Urrutia R,Henley JR,Cook T,McNiven MA

更新日期：1997-01-21 00:00:00

abstract：:To study the role of the interferon- (IFN) gammaR2 chain in IFN-gamma signaling and immune function, IFN-gammaR2-deficient mice have been generated and characterized. Cells derived from IFN-gammaR2 -/- mice are unable to activate either JAK/STAT signaling proteins or gene transcription in response to IFN-gamma. The la...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu B,Ebensperger C,Dembic Z,Wang Y,Kvatyuk M,Lu T,Coffman RL,Pestka S,Rothman PB

更新日期：1998-07-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The apoprotein corresponding to the mammalian photoreceptor rhodopsin has been expressed by using suspension cultures of HEK293S cells in defined media that contained 6-15N-lysine and 2-13C-glycine. Typical yields were 1.5-1.8 mg/liter. Incorporation of 6-15N-lysine was quantitative, whereas that of 2-13C-glycine was ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Eilers M,Reeves PJ,Ying W,Khorana HG,Smith SO

更新日期：1999-01-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b protein (LHCP) is an integral thylakoid membrane protein. It is made in the cytosol as a precursor (pLHCP), imported into chloroplasts, and subsequently integrated into thylakoids. Integration of pLHCP into thylakoids requires a stromal protein factor that functions in part to main...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yuan J,Henry R,Cline K

更新日期：1993-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The anticancer peptide PNC-27, which contains an HDM-2-binding domain corresponding to residues 12-26 of p53 and a transmembrane-penetrating domain, has been found to kill cancer cells (but not normal cells) by inducing membranolysis. We find that our previously determined 3D structure of the p53 residues of PNC-27 is...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sarafraz-Yazdi E,Bowne WB,Adler V,Sookraj KA,Wu V,Shteyler V,Patel H,Oxbury W,Brandt-Rauf P,Zenilman ME,Michl J,Pincus MR

更新日期：2010-02-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The 89-kDa cell surface glycoprotein, P3.58, is detectable on advanced human melanomas in situ but not on benign melanocytes or early melanomas. cDNA cloning of P3.58 from melanoma cells was accomplished by screening a lambda zap expression vector library with monoclonal antibodies produced against the denatured antig...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Johnson JP,Stade BG,Holzmann B,Schwäble W,Riethmüller G

更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Biodistribution studies of a water-soluble radioactive metallofullerene compound have been conducted using BALB/c mice. To this end, a sample containing Hox@C82 (x = 1, 2) was purified and derivatized to prepare the water-soluble metallofullerol, Hox@C82(OH)y. This metallofullerol was then neutron-activated (165Ho[n,g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cagle DW,Kennel SJ,Mirzadeh S,Alford JM,Wilson LJ

更新日期：1999-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In virtually all multicellular eukaryotes, mitochondria are transmitted exclusively through one parent, usually the mother. In this short review, we discuss some of the major consequences of uniparental transmission of mitochondria, including deleterious effects in males and selection for increased transmission throug...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Perlman SJ,Hodson CN,Hamilton PT,Opit GP,Gowen BE

更新日期：2015-08-18 00:00:00

abstract：:MAD2 inhibits the anaphase-promoting complex when chromosomes are unattached to the mitotic spindle. It acts as a tumor suppressor gene because MAD2+/-cells enter anaphase early and display chromosome instability, leading to the formation of lung tumors in mice. Complete MAD2 inactivation has not been identified in hu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Michel L,Diaz-Rodriguez E,Narayan G,Hernando E,Murty VV,Benezra R

更新日期：2004-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：:We show that Cloudman melanoma cells undergo rapid arborization in response to [Nle4,D-Phe7]alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone, a potent analogue of alpha-melanocyte stimulating hormone (alpha-MSH). The arbors were established by extension of processes and resembled dendrites. We used this system to study the regula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Preston SF,Volpi M,Pearson CM,Berlin RD

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the ultrafast structural transitions of the heme induced by nitric oxide (NO) binding for several heme proteins by subpicosecond time-resolved resonance Raman and femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy. We probed the heme iron motion by the evolution of the iron-histidine Raman band intensity af...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kruglik SG,Yoo BK,Franzen S,Vos MH,Martin JL,Negrerie M

更新日期：2010-08-03 00:00:00

abstract：:In the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta), the frequency of pulsatile gonadotropic hormone release is relatively constant in the face of widely varying levels of estradiol (E2) in the peripheral circulation--e.g., in the course of the follicular phase of the menstrual cycle and after ovariectomy. This suggests that modula...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kesner JS,Wilson RC,Kaufman JM,Hotchkiss J,Chen Y,Yamamoto H,Pardo RR,Knobil E

更新日期：1987-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Genetic analysis for group selection is developed for the case of a biallelic locus (A, a) undergoing group selection of founder populations only. By contrast to R. Levins"E = E(x) models, extinction now depends on genetics at the propagule stage but acts uniformly on larger populations. Biological evidence supports t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boorman SA

更新日期：1978-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite nearly four decades of effort, broad inhibition of oncogenic RAS using small-molecule approaches has proven to be a major challenge. Here we describe the development of a pan-RAS biologic inhibitor composed of the RAS-RAP1-specific endopeptidase fused to the protein delivery machinery of diphtheria toxin. We s...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vidimar V,Beilhartz GL,Park M,Biancucci M,Kieffer MB,Gius DR,Melnyk RA,Satchell KJF

更新日期：2020-07-21 00:00:00

abstract：:A definitive assay for microbiological and biochemical research on the biodegradation of lignin was developed using radioactive synthetic lignins specifically labeled in the side chains, aromatic rings or in the methoxyl groups. The [14C]lignins were prepared by oxidative polymerization with peroxidase and H2O2 Of spe...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirk TK,Connors WJ,Bleam RD,Hackett WF,Zeikus JG

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The three deleted in liver cancer genes (DLC1-3) encode Rho-GTPase-activating proteins (RhoGAPs) whose expression is frequently down-regulated or silenced in a variety of human malignancies. The RhoGAP activity is required for full DLC-dependent tumor suppressor activity. Here we report that DLC1 and DLC3 bind to huma...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qian X,Li G,Asmussen HK,Asnaghi L,Vass WC,Braverman R,Yamada KM,Popescu NC,Papageorge AG,Lowy DR

更新日期：2007-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Human capabilities in manipulating many different tools with dexterity suggest modular neural organization at functional levels, but anatomical modularity underlying the capabilities has yet to be demonstrated. Although modularity in phylogenetically older parts of the cerebellum is well known, comparable modularity i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Imamizu H,Kuroda T,Miyauchi S,Yoshioka T,Kawato M

更新日期：2003-04-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The maximum rate of expression of the lac operon is severely reduced in lac promoter mutants. Revertants of these mutations which produce higher levels of enzyme were isolated. Some of these revertants had lost sensitivity to catabolite repression and transient repression. The mutations responsible for these losses to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silverstone AE,Arditti RR,Magasanik B

更新日期：1970-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Molecular beacons are DNA probes that form a stem-and-loop structure and possess an internally quenched fluorophore. When they bind to complementary nucleic acids, they undergo a conformational transition that switches on their fluorescence. These probes recognize their targets with higher specificity than probes that...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bonnet G,Tyagi S,Libchaber A,Kramer FR

更新日期：1999-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes encoding the variable (V) region of the B-cell antigen receptor (BCR) are assembled from V, D (diversity), and J (joining) elements through a RAG-mediated recombination process that relies on the recognition of recombination signal sequences (RSSs) flanking the individual elements. Secondary V(D)J rearrangem...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun A,Novobrantseva TI,Coffre M,Hewitt SL,Jensen K,Skok JA,Rajewsky K,Koralov SB

更新日期：2015-02-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Dihydroisohistrionicotoxin inhibits acetylcholine receptor-dependent 22Na+ uptake of cultured chick muscle cells with a KI of 0.2 micrometer. The inhibition is noncompetitive with respect to agonists. The toxin enhances desensitization of the receptor by agonists which is accompanied by a 10-fold increase in receptor ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Burgermeister W,Catterall WA,Witkop B

更新日期：1977-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antisera directed against human dopamine beta-hydroxylase or serotonin were used to characterize the noradrenergic and serotonergic innervation patterns within the primary visual cortex of the squirrel monkey. The noradrenergic and serotonergic projections exhibit a high degree of laminar complementarity: layers V and...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Morrison JH,Foote SL,Molliver ME,Bloom FE,Lidov HG

更新日期：1982-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:By indirect immunofluorescence techniques, microtubules and mitochondria were localized in normal rat kidney cells, human WI38 fibroblasts, mouse peritoneal macrophages, and a putative smooth muscle rat cell line, in monolayer culture. The mitochondria were found to be arranged along the cytoplasmic microtubules in ea...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Heggeness MH,Simon M,Singer SJ

更新日期：1978-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inherited retinal degeneration (RD) is a devastating and currently untreatable neurodegenerative condition that leads to loss of photoreceptor cells and blindness. The vast genetic heterogeneity of RD, the lack of "druggable" targets, and the access-limiting blood-retinal barrier (BRB) present major hurdles toward eff...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Vighi E,Trifunović D,Veiga-Crespo P,Rentsch A,Hoffmann D,Sahaboglu A,Strasser T,Kulkarni M,Bertolotti E,van den Heuvel A,Peters T,Reijerkerk A,Euler T,Ueffing M,Schwede F,Genieser HG,Gaillard P,Marigo V,Ekström P,Pa

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:In the goldfish, the optic nerve decussation occurs without intermingling of fibers from the two eyes. In two-thirds of juvenile and adult specimens, the left optic nerve is dorsal at the midline. In about 60% of the specimens, the decussation of Mauthner's neuron also has a left-dorsal-to-right (L/R) configuration. C...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Roth RL

更新日期：1979-08-01 00:00:00