Abstract:
:A single intravenous (i.v.) injection of the water-soluble mammary carcinogen N-nitroso-N-methylurea (NMU; 35 mg/kg of body weight) elicited cancer of the breast in young female rats of two strains in the following incidence: Long-Evans strain, 4%; Sprague-Dawley strain, 70%. In sisters of these rats, a set of 5 i.v. injections of NMU (35 mg/kg at biweekly intervals) evoked mammary carcinoma as follows: Long-Evans strain, 76%; Sprague-Dawley strain, 100%. In its effectiveness in evoking mammary cancer in Sprague-Dawley rats, the lipid-soluble mammary carcinogen 7,8,12-trimethylbenz[a]anthracene exceeded NMU in rapidity of development of cancer and in tumor yield.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Huggins CB,Ueda N,Wiessler Mdoi
10.1073/pnas.78.2.1185subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1981-02-01 00:00:00pages
1185-8issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
78pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The D1 reaction center protein of photosystem II (PSII) is subject to light-induced damage. Degradation of damaged D1 and its replacement by nascent D1 are at the heart of a PSII repair cycle, without which photosynthesis is inhibited. In mature plant chloroplasts, light stimulates the recruitment of ribosomes specifi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2007833117
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many higher level avian clades are restricted to Earth's lower latitudes, leading to historical biogeographic reconstructions favoring a Gondwanan origin of crown birds and numerous deep subclades. However, several such "tropical-restricted" clades (TRCs) are represented by stem-lineage fossils well outside the ranges...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1903866116
更新日期:2019-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Uropathogenic Escherichia coli invade bladder epithelial cells (BECs) by direct entry into specialized cAMP regulated exocytic compartments. Remarkably, a significant number of these intracellular bacteria are subsequently expelled in a nonlytic and piecemeal fashion by infected BECs. Here, we report that expulsion of...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0900527106
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling lymphocytic activation molecule family 3 (SLAMF3/Ly9) is a coregulatory molecule implicated in T-cell activation and differentiation. Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is characterized by aberrant T-cell activation and compromised IL-2 production, leading to abnormal regulatory T-cell (Treg) development/fun...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1605081113
更新日期:2016-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) remains a highly lethal disease in critical need of new therapeutic strategies. Here, we report that the stress-inducible 78-kDa glucose-regulated protein (GRP78/HSPA5), a key regulator of endoplasmic reticulum homeostasis and PI3K/AKT signaling, is overexpressed in the acini an...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1616060114
更新日期:2017-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Dihydroisohistrionicotoxin inhibits acetylcholine receptor-dependent 22Na+ uptake of cultured chick muscle cells with a KI of 0.2 micrometer. The inhibition is noncompetitive with respect to agonists. The toxin enhances desensitization of the receptor by agonists which is accompanied by a 10-fold increase in receptor ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5754
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::HUMAN LIVER ALCOHOL DEHYDROGENASE (ALCOHOL: NAD(+) oxidoreductase, EC 1.1.1.1), homogeneous by physicochemical criteria, has been available in quantity only recently [Lange, L. G. & Vallee, B. L. (1976) Biochemistry 15, 4681-4686]. Until now, the biochemical basis of human alcohol metabolism had to be extrapolated fro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.10.4378
更新日期:1977-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Euplotes raikovi of the wild-type strain 13 was found to be heterozygous (mat-1/mat-2) for the genetic locus mat, which is supposed to control the mating-type specificity of freely released mating pheromones ("euplomones"), and capable of yielding the two types of corresponding homozygotes (mat-1/mat-1, mat-2/mat-2). ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.9.2889
更新日期:1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently it has become apparent that N = 2 supersymmetric quantum field theory has something to do with cluster algebras. I review one aspect of the connection: supersymmetric quantum field theories have associated hyperkähler moduli spaces, and these moduli spaces carry a structure that looks like an extension of the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1313073111
更新日期:2014-07-08 00:00:00
abstract::The vaccinia virus early transcription factor (VETF), a heterodimeric protein composed of 82- and 70-kDa subunits, interacts with viral early promoters at both a sequence-specific core region upstream and a sequence-independent region downstream of the RNA start site. To determine the VETF subunit-promoter interaction...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.15.7540
更新日期:1996-07-23 00:00:00
abstract::The human beta-globin locus control region (LCR) consists of four erythroid-specific DNaseI hypersensitive sites (HSs) at the 5' end of the beta-globin cluster. The LCR functions over a long distance on chromosome 11 to regulate transcription and replication of the beta-globin genes. To determine whether the HSs funct...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.9.4566
更新日期:1997-04-29 00:00:00
abstract::Stressful events evoke long-term changes in behavioral responses; however, the underlying mechanisms in the brain are not well understood. Previous work has shown that epigenetic changes and immediate-early gene (IEG) induction in stress-activated dentate gyrus (DG) granule neurons play a crucial role in these behavio...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1524857113
更新日期:2016-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to be synchronized by light-dark cycles is a fundamental property of circadian clocks. Although there are indications that circadian clocks are extremely light-sensitive and that they can be set by the low irradiances that occur at dawn and dusk, this has not been shown on the cellular level. Here, we demo...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0606870104
更新日期:2007-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Combinatorial antibody libraries have the potential to display the entire immunological record of an individual, allowing one to detect and recover any antibody ever made, irrespective of whether it is currently being produced. We have termed this the "fossil record" of an individual's antibody response. To determine ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0407869101
更新日期:2004-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::Recent structural studies of the minimal core DNA-binding domain of p53 (p53DBD) complexed to a single consensus pentamer sequence and of the isolated p53 tetramerization domain have provided valuable insights into their functions, but many questions about their interacting roles and synergism remain unanswered. To be...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.92.19.8591
更新日期:1995-09-12 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.4.780
更新日期:1972-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neurons vary in their capacity to produce, store, and release neuropeptides packaged in dense-core vesicles (DCVs). Specifically, neurons used for cotransmission have terminals that contain few DCVs and many small synaptic vesicles, whereas neuroendocrine neuron terminals contain many DCVs. Although the mechanistic ba...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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更新日期:2014-03-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1312473110
更新日期:2013-09-24 00:00:00
abstract::Normal vision requires the precise control of vascular growth to maintain corneal transparency. Here we provide evidence for a unique mechanism by which the Forkhead box transcription factor FoxC1 regulates corneal vascular development. Murine Foxc1 is essential for development of the ocular anterior segment, and in h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109540109
更新日期:2012-02-07 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0710519105
更新日期:2007-12-18 00:00:00
abstract::The type-III secretion (T3S) systems of bacteria are part of self-assembling nanomachines: the bacterial flagellum that enables cells to propel themselves through liquid and across hydrated surfaces, and the injectisome that delivers pathogenic effector proteins into eukaryotic host cells. Although the flagellum and i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1423492112
更新日期:2015-03-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.171301998
更新日期:2001-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::The intracellular activation of trypsinogen, which is both pH- and calcium-dependent, is an important early step in the development of acute pancreatitis. The cellular compartment in which trypsinogen activation occurs currently is unknown. We therefore investigated the site of intracellular trypsinogen activation by ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0700951104
更新日期:2007-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::We obtain a collection of multilinear Littlewood-Paley estimates, which we then apply to two problems in partial differential equations. The first problem is the estimation of the square root of an elliptic operator in divergence form, and the second is the estimation of solutions to the Cauchy problem for nondivergen...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.18.5746
更新日期:1982-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Signaling pathways regulating proliferation, differentiation, and apoptosis are commonly mediated through protein-protein interactions as well as reversible phosphorylation of proteins. To facilitate the study of regulated protein-protein interactions in cells and living animals, we optimized firefly luciferase protei...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0404041101
更新日期:2004-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::The surface distributions of three different membrane integral proteins, beta2-microglobulin (part of the histocompatibility antigen complex), aminopeptidase (alpha-aminoacyl-peptide hydrolase; EC 3.4.11.2), and the Na+,K+-ATPase (ATP phosphohydrolase; EC 3.6.1.3) on human fibroblasts grown in monolayer culture have b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.74.12.5584
更新日期:1977-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A comprehensive mapping of interactions among Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) proteins and interactions of EBV proteins with human proteins should provide specific hypotheses and a broad perspective on EBV strategies for replication and persistence. Interactions of EBV proteins with each other and with human proteins were as...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0702332104
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The carbon budget and dynamics of the Earth's interior, including the core, are currently very poorly understood. Diamond-bearing, mantle-derived rocks show a very well defined peak at δ(13)C ≈ -5 ± 3‰ with a very broad distribution to lower values (∼-40‰). The processes that have produced the wide δ(13)C distribution...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1401782112
更新日期:2015-01-06 00:00:00