Apomorphine-induced locomotion and gnawing: evidence that the experimental design greatly influences gnawing while locomotion remains unchanged.

Abstract:

:In a recent study we have shown that it was possible to recognize and record two independent behavioural patterns elicited by apomorphine (s.c.): one behaviour characterized by increased locomotion, sniffing and repetitive head and limb movements and another, characterized by compulsive gnawing. In the present study we have further characterized the gnawing and the locomotion patterns, their dependence on the experimental design and on the test environment. We found that the apomorphine-induced gnawing was easily modified by factors such as the design of the test-box and the habituation of the animal to the test-box. Locomotion, on the other hand was essentially independent of such factors and seemed more compulsive than the so-called "compulsive gnawing".

journal_name

Eur J Pharmacol

authors

Ljungberg T,Ungerstedt U

doi

10.1016/0014-2999(77)90250-3

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1977-11-15 00:00:00

pages

147-51

issue

2

eissn

0014-2999

issn

1879-0712

pii

0014-2999(77)90250-3

journal_volume

46

pub_type

杂志文章
  • Cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate and bronchial tone.

    abstract::The present studies demonstrate that adenylate cyclase and cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (cAMP)-phosphodiesterase activities in dog bronchus are comparable to those found in other smooth muscle preparations. Catecholamines, in the order isoproterenol greater than epinephrine greater than norepinephrine, increas...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(77)90368-5

    authors: Triner L,Vulliemoz Y,Verosky M

    更新日期:1977-01-07 00:00:00

  • Current and future treatment strategies for iron overload cardiomyopathy.

    abstract::Iron overload cardiomyopathy is the major cause of death in transfusion-dependent thalassemia (TDT) patients. Growing evidence demonstrates that combined iron chelators, or the combination of an iron chelator with antioxidant(s) are effective in diminishing myocardial iron deposition and attenuating cardiac dysfunctio...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.08.017

    authors: Wongjaikam S,Kumfu S,Chattipakorn SC,Fucharoen S,Chattipakorn N

    更新日期:2015-10-15 00:00:00

  • 125I-endothelin-1 binding to brain and cardiac membranes from normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats.

    abstract::125I-labelled endothelin-1 was used to identify specific high affinity endothelin-1 binding sites in left ventricular and brain membranes harvested from female age-matched normotensive Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Relative to results obtained for brain membranes from normotensive ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)90272-8

    authors: Gu XH,Casley DJ,Cincotta M,Nayler WG

    更新日期:1990-02-27 00:00:00

  • Permissive role of spinal alpha 1-adrenoceptors in sudomotor efferents.

    abstract::The electrodermal potential (EDP) recorded in the forepaws of anaesthetized cats in response to stimulation of the cholinergic-sympathetic nervous system at different levels was taken as a measure for sudomotor activity. Electrical stimulation of the hypothalamus with square wave pulses (1 ms duration, 0.5-64 Hz, 2 s ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(85)90779-4

    authors: Rybarczyk MC,Walland A

    更新日期:1985-06-19 00:00:00

  • A novel GLP-1/GIP dual agonist is more effective than liraglutide in reducing inflammation and enhancing GDNF release in the MPTP mouse model of Parkinson's disease.

    abstract::Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is one of the risk factors for Parkinson's disease (PD). Insulin desensitisation has been observed in the brains of patients, which may promote neurodegeneration. Incretins are a family of growth factors that can re-sensitise insulin signalling. We have previously shown that mimetics of...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.06.029

    authors: Yuan Z,Li D,Feng P,Xue G,Ji C,Li G,Hölscher C

    更新日期:2017-10-05 00:00:00

  • Insulin and metformin may prevent renal injury in young type 2 diabetic Goto-Kakizaki rats.

    abstract::Type 2 diabetes is increasing at epidemic proportions throughout the world, and diabetic nephropathy is the principal cause of end stage renal failure. Approximately 40% of patients with type 2 diabetes may progress to nephropathy and a good metabolic control can prevent the development of diabetic renal injury. The a...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2010.11.029

    authors: Louro TM,Matafome PN,Nunes EC,da Cunha FX,Seiça RM

    更新日期:2011-02-25 00:00:00

  • Neuroprotection of taurine against reactive oxygen species is associated with inhibiting NADPH oxidases.

    abstract::It is well established that taurine shows potent protection against glutamate-induced injury to neurons in stroke. The neuroprotection may result from multiple mechanisms. Increasing evidences suggest that NADPH oxidases (Nox), the primary source of superoxide induced by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor activation...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2016.03.006

    authors: Han Z,Gao LY,Lin YH,Chang L,Wu HY,Luo CX,Zhu DY

    更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00

  • D,L-(tetrazol-5-yl) glycine: a novel and highly potent NMDA receptor agonist.

    abstract::This paper describes the pharmacological activity of D,L-(tetrazol-5-yl)glycine, a structurally novel and highly potent agonist at the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor. D,L-(Tetrazol-5-yl)glycine potently displaced NMDA receptor binding to rat brain membranes as measured using [3H]...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(91)90719-7

    authors: Schoepp DD,Smith CL,Lodge D,Millar JD,Leander JD,Sacaan AI,Lunn WH

    更新日期:1991-10-15 00:00:00

  • Nordihydroguaiaretic acid inhibits transforming growth factor beta type 1 receptor activity and downstream signaling.

    abstract::It has been well documented that nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), a phenolic lignan isolated from the creosote bush, Larrea tridentate, has anti-cancer activity in vitro and in vivo. Several mechanisms have been identified that could contribute to these actions, as NDGA directly inhibits metabolic enzymes and recepto...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2009.06.012

    authors: Li F,Pham JD,Anderson MO,Youngren JF

    更新日期:2009-08-15 00:00:00

  • Mechanisms of orexin 2 receptor-mediated depolarization in the rat paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus.

    abstract::The paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVN) contains dense orexin 2 (OX2) receptor. We examined the mechanisms of OX2 receptor-mediated excitation on electrophysiologically identified type I (putative magnocellular), low-threshold spikes (LTS)-expressing type II (putative preautonomic), and non-LTS type II (...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2019.172802

    authors: Dai YE,Lee YH,Li TL,Hwang LL

    更新日期:2020-02-15 00:00:00

  • Pharmacological studies on YM992, a novel antidepressant with selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitory and 5-HT2A receptor antagonistic activity.

    abstract::YM992 ((S)-2-[[(7-fluoro-4-indanyl)oxy]methyl]morpholine monohydrochloride) is a novel compound that has selective serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine, 5-HT) re-uptake inhibition and 5-HT2A receptor antagonistic activity in vivo. YM992, fluoxetine and citalopram showed 5-HT uptake inhibition activity in l-5-hydroxy-tryptop...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(97)10108-x

    authors: Takeuchi H,Yatsugi S,Hatanaka K,Nakato K,Hattori H,Sonoda R,Koshiya K,Fujii M,Yamaguchi T

    更新日期:1997-06-18 00:00:00

  • A monoclonal antibody to calcitonin gene-related peptide abolishes capsaicin-induced gastroprotection.

    abstract::Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) released from vasodilator nerves is implicated in the gastroprotective action of capsaicin. This experimental paradigm was used to prove the effectiveness of a monoclonal anti-CGRP antibody. The experiments were performed in anaesthetized rats in which intragastric capsaicin (0.5...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(93)90645-x

    authors: Peskar BM,Wong HC,Walsh JH,Holzer P

    更新日期:1993-11-30 00:00:00

  • A novel carbazole derivative, MHY407, sensitizes cancer cells to doxorubicin-, etoposide-, and radiation treatment via DNA damage.

    abstract::In this study, we synthesized a novel carbazole derivative, MHY407, as a sensitizer of cancer cells to increase DNA damage. We then evaluated the anticancer effects of MHY407 and identified the molecular mechanism for the sensitization of breast cancer cell lines. MHY407 significantly increased DNA damage as determine...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2012.10.001

    authors: Yoon S,Kim JH,Lee YJ,Ahn MY,Choi G,Kim WK,Yang Z,Lee HJ,Moon HR,Kim HS

    更新日期:2012-12-15 00:00:00

  • Interaction of histamine H2-receptor antagonists with GABA and benzodiazepine binding sites in the CNS.

    abstract::The histamine H2-receptor antagonist cimetidine potently inhibited [3H]muscimol and enhanced [3H]flunitrazepam binding in membranes prepared from several brain regions in the rat, including the dorsal raphe nucleus. As further examined in cortical membranes, this effect on both GABA and benzodiazepine binding sites wa...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(83)90011-0

    authors: Lakoski JM,Aghajanian GK,Gallager DW

    更新日期:1983-03-25 00:00:00

  • Differential expression of cannabinoid CB(2) receptor mRNA in mouse immune cell subpopulations and following B cell stimulation.

    abstract::Cannabinoid CB(2) receptor is reported to be expressed in varying amounts in different human immune subpopulations. To examine the expression pattern of CB(2) in the mouse, immune cell subpopulations were purified and studied by semiquantitative Reverse Transcription-Polymerase Chain Reaction (RT-PCR). CB(2) mRNA was ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01122-0

    authors: Lee SF,Newton C,Widen R,Friedman H,Klein TW

    更新日期:2001-07-06 00:00:00

  • Oxymatrine attenuates hepatic steatosis in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease rats fed with high fructose diet through inhibition of sterol regulatory element binding transcription factor 1 (Srebf1) and activation of peroxisome proliferator activated recep

    abstract::The aim of this study was to examine the therapeutic effect of oxymatrine, a monomer isolated from the medicinal plant Sophora flavescens Ait, on the hepatic lipid metabolism in non-alcoholic fatty liver (NAFLD) rats and to explore the potential mechanism. Rats were fed with high fructose diet for 8 weeks to establish...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.06.013

    authors: Shi LJ,Shi L,Song GY,Zhang HF,Hu ZJ,Wang C,Zhang DH

    更新日期:2013-08-15 00:00:00

  • In vivo comparison of two 5-HT1A receptors agonists alnespirone (S-20499) and buspirone on locus coeruleus neuronal activity.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to compare, in chloral-hydrate anaesthetized rats, the alpha(2)-adrenergic properties of the selective 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist, alnespirone (S-20499), with those of buspirone, a 5-HT(1A) receptor agonist exhibiting potent alpha(2)-adrenoceptor antagonist properties via its principal ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)02814-5

    authors: Astier B,Lambás Señas L,Soulière F,Schmitt P,Urbain N,Rentero N,Bert L,Denoroy L,Renaud B,Lesourd M,Muñoz C,Chouvet G

    更新日期:2003-01-10 00:00:00

  • Association of microvascular leakage with induction of nitric oxide synthase: effects of nitric oxide synthase inhibitors in various organs.

    abstract::Endotoxin (Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide 0111:B4, 3 mg/kg i.v.) induced the expression of a calcium-independent nitric oxide (NO) synthase, determined after 5 h in cardiac, hepatic, pulmonary and renal tissues, as assessed by the conversion of radiolabelled L-arginine to L-citrulline. This widespread induction o...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(95)00281-o

    authors: László F,Whittle BJ,Evans SM,Moncada S

    更新日期:1995-09-05 00:00:00

  • Impaired cyclic AMP generation in outer medullary tubules of gentamicin-treated rats.

    abstract::We have examined the effects of chronic gentamicin treatment on arginine8-vasopressin (AVP)-dependent cyclic AMP (cAMP) metabolism in rat medullary collecting tubules (oMCT) and medullary thick ascending limbs of Henle's loop (mTALH). Gentamicin attenuated AVP-stimulated cAMP accumulation to a greater extent in the mT...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(90)94186-2

    authors: Kidwell D,Subramaniam S,Ott C,Jackson B

    更新日期:1990-12-04 00:00:00

  • Melanocortins and the brain: from effects via receptors to drug targets.

    abstract::The lack of specific receptors (and antagonists) has hampered the research on the neural mechanism of action of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)- and melanocyte-stimulating hormone (MSH)-like peptides. Yet the original observations in the 1970s already pointed to cAMP as a possible mediator of ACTH/MSH effects in ne...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(00)00537-9

    authors: Adan RA,Gispen WH

    更新日期:2000-09-29 00:00:00

  • SR 48968 specifically depresses neurokinin A- vs. substance P-induced hyperalgesia in a nociceptive withdrawal reflex.

    abstract::To determine the role of neurokinin A and tachykinin NK2 receptors in processing of nociceptive information at the spinal level, the selective NK2 receptor antagonist, SR 48968 (S)-N-methyl-N [4-(4-acetylamino-4-[phenyl piperidino)-2-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-butyl] benzamide, was tested for its effects on the hyperalgesia...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(96)00262-2

    authors: Yashpal K,Hui-Chan CW,Henry JL

    更新日期:1996-07-11 00:00:00

  • Attenuation of bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats by mesna.

    abstract::Lung fibrosis is a common side effect of the chemotherapeutic agent, bleomycin. Current evidence suggests that reactive oxygen species may play a key role in the development of lung fibrosis. The present study examined the effect of mesna on bleomycin-induced lung fibrosis in rats. Animals were divided into three grou...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2004.12.001

    authors: El-Medany A,Hagar HH,Moursi M,At Muhammed R,El-Rakhawy FI,El-Medany G

    更新日期:2005-02-10 00:00:00

  • Therapeutic and immunomodulatory effects of glucosamine in combination with low-dose cyclosporine a in a murine model of imiquimod-induced psoriasis.

    abstract::Although cyclosporine A (CsA) is a potent immunomodulating agent and is commonly used as a systemic agent for the management of psoriasis patients, current clinical treatments are not always effective due to the clinical inefficacy of low-doses and numerous harmful effects of higher doses. Currently, the combined use ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.03.010

    authors: Kim CH,Kim JY,Lee AY

    更新日期:2015-06-05 00:00:00

  • Nocistatin reverses nociceptin inhibition of glutamate release from rat brain slices.

    abstract::We have examined the effects of the recently described heptadecapeptide nocistatin on K+-evoked glutamate release from rat cerebrocortical slices in vitro. In vivo, nocistatin reverses the action of nociceptin. Nocistatin (100 nM, n = 7) did not inhibit K+-evoked glutamate release alone. Nociceptin (100 nM) inhibited ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(98)00545-7

    authors: Nicol B,Lambert DG,Rowbotham DJ,Okuda-Ashitaka E,Ito S,Smart D,McKnight AT

    更新日期:1998-09-04 00:00:00

  • Metamizol potentiates morphine antinociception but not constipation after chronic treatment.

    abstract::This work evaluates the antinociceptive and constipating effects of the combination of 3.2 mg/kg s.c. morphine with 177.8 mg/kg s.c. metamizol in acutely and chronically treated (once a day for 12 days) rats. On the 13th day, antinociceptive effects were assessed using a model of inflammatory nociception, pain-induced...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(02)01344-4

    authors: Hernández-Delgadillo GP,Ventura Martínez R,Díaz Reval MI,Domínguez Ramírez AM,López-Muñoz FJ

    更新日期:2002-04-26 00:00:00

  • Role of hydrogen sulfide in the formalin-induced orofacial pain in rats.

    abstract::Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter synthesized in peripheral tissues by the enzyme cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE). This gas has been documented to be involved in a wide variety of processes including inflammation and nociception. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the peripheral H2S ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.023

    authors: Donatti AF,Araujo RM,Soriano RN,Azevedo LU,Leite-Panissi CA,Branco LG

    更新日期:2014-09-05 00:00:00

  • Farrerol can attenuate the aortic lesion in spontaneously hypertensive rats via the upregulation of eNOS and reduction of NAD(P)H oxidase activity.

    abstract::Farrerol, a typical natural flavanone, is the major active component of Rhododendron dauricum L. The objective of this study was to evaluate the attenuation effect of farrerol against the aortic lesions in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) for the first time. Twelve-week-old male SHR were orally administered with ...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2015.11.020

    authors: Qin X,Hou X,Liang T,Chen L,Lu T,Li Q

    更新日期:2015-12-15 00:00:00

  • Transforming growth factor-beta1 stimulates heme oxygenase-1 expression via the PI3K/Akt and NF-kappaB pathways in human lung epithelial cells.

    abstract::A previous report showed that transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) can induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression, attenuate cellular injury, and maintain tissue homeostasis. In this study, we investigated the involvement of phosphoinositide-3-OH-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) signa...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/j.ejphar.2007.01.025

    authors: Lin CC,Chiang LL,Lin CH,Shih CH,Liao YT,Hsu MJ,Chen BC

    更新日期:2007-04-10 00:00:00

  • Effect of P-glycoprotein modulators on the human extraneuronal monoamine transporter.

    abstract::The aim of this work was to investigate the effect of P-glycoprotein modulators on human extraneuronal monoamine transporter (EMT)-mediated transport. The experiments were performed using a cell line from human embryonic kidney (HEK293 cells) stably transfected with pcDNA3hEMT (293(hEMT)), or with pcDNA3 alone (293(co...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/s0014-2999(01)01055-x

    authors: Martel F,Keating E,Azevedo I

    更新日期:2001-06-22 00:00:00

  • Effect of intracoronary captopril on coronary blood flow and regional myocardial function in dogs.

    abstract::To evaluate the cardiac effect of an inhibitor of angiotensin-converting enzyme, the effect of intracoronary (i.c.) captopril on coronary blood flow and regional myocardial function was examined in the anesthetized open-chest dog. Blood flow of the left circumflex coronary artery (LCX), left ventricular pressure (LVP)...

    journal_title:European journal of pharmacology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1016/0014-2999(85)90023-8

    authors: Noguchi K,Kato T,Ito H,Aniya Y,Sakanashi M

    更新日期:1985-03-26 00:00:00