Abstract:
:The effects of changing the direction of the bite force and of the mandibular joint reaction have been studied with a mathematical model assisted by a computer using the technique of linear programming. We conclude the following: In the sagittal plane the long axes of lower molars are each tilted in the direction that most efficiently converts muscle force into work at the bite point rather than in the direction that would maximize static bite force. These genetically determined angles are referred to as the most 'work efficient' angles. Collectively they lead to the appearance of the curve of Spee associated with the postcanines. Given the most work efficient angle of the first molar, the model indicates for bite forces generated in this direction the joint reaction is least when tilted forward from the vertical at between 20 degrees and 30 degrees. The joint reaction is normal to the articular surface of the condyle which is itself tilted forward 20-30 degrees from the occlusal plane. We conclude the condyle and articular eminence are remodelled to the angle that minimizes the joint reaction. The direction of the bite force may be controlled via neuronal circuitry connecting mechanoreceptors of the periodontal ligament with motor nerves supplying the jaw-closing muscles. The height of the occlusal plane in the molar region has little effect on jaw efficiency.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Baragar FA,Osborn JWdoi
10.1016/0021-9290(87)90246-6subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
447-57issue
5eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
0021-9290(87)90246-6journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Fixed and preserved tissues have been massively used in the development of biomedical equipment and instrumentation. Not only the tissue morphology, but also its mechanical properties need to be considered in the fixation and preservation procedures since mechanical properties have significant influence on the design ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.013
更新日期:2016-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to propose and validate a new simple method for calculation of center of mass work during field running, in order to avoid the use of costly and inconvenient measurement devices. This method relies on spring-mass model and measurements of average horizontal velocity, and contact and fligh...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109369
更新日期:2019-12-03 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis that thrombus can be induced by localized shear stresses/rates, such as in the bent/stretched microvessels, was tested both experimentally and computationally. Our newly designed in vivo experiments were performed on the microvessels (post-capillary venules, 20-50 microm diameter) of rat mesentery. Thes...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.06.013
更新日期:2008-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Force plates for human movement analysis provide accurate measurements when mounted rigidly on an inertial reference frame. Large measurement errors occur, however, when the force plate is accelerated, or tilted relative to gravity. This prohibits the use of force plates in human perturbation studies with controlled s...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.05.009
更新日期:2018-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::In quadrupeds, there have been limited comparisons of gait timing events detection (e.g., paw contact, PC and paw-off, PO) determined from kinematics and forceplates. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of different slopes (0, -27, +27°), recovery times after ankle extensor nerve injury and repair (2,...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.013
更新日期:2012-05-11 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental evidence demonstrates that collagen cross-linking in bone tissue significantly influences its deformation and failure behavior yet difficulties exist in determining the independent biomechanical effects of collagen cross-linking using in vitro and in vivo experiments. The aim of this study is to use a nan...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.02.017
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::A three-dimensional finite element model of the human head is presented. The model has been validated against two sets of experimental results. To assess injury likelihood of the head subjected to impact loading, the structural intensity (SI) methodology is introduced in accordance with the prevailing practice in expe...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.11.015
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Incisional hernia development is a significant complication after laparoscopic abdominal surgery. Intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) is known to initiate the extrusion of intestines through the abdominal wall, but there is limited data on the mechanics of IAP generation and the structural properties of rectus sheath. This...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.03.009
更新日期:2014-06-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dilation and dissection of aneurysmal ascending aortic tissues occur preferentially at the outer curvature of the vessel. In this study we hypothesize that the density and contractile properties of the vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs) of the pig ascending aorta (AA) are heterogeneous and could explain th...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.04.018
更新日期:2010-08-26 00:00:00
abstract::Cancellous bone architecture and mechanics are intimately related. The trabecular architecture of cancellous bone is considered determined by its mechanical environment (Wolff's law), and the mechanical properties of cancellous bone are inversely determined by the trabecular architecture and material properties. Much ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(96)00177-7
更新日期:1997-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper considers the effect of internal material damping on the stresses, strains, and surface and internal remodelling behaviour in a section of axisymmetrical bone with a force-fitted axially oriented medullary pin. The bone response to several loading situations is modelled using visco-elastic equations. An app...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(87)90291-0
更新日期:1987-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human runners adjust the stiffness of their stance leg to accommodate surface stiffness during steady state running. This adjustment allows runners to maintain similar center of mass movement (e.g., ground contact time and stride frequency) regardless of surface stiffness. When runners encounter abrupt transitions in ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00078-0
更新日期:1999-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal intervertebral joints are complex structures allowing motion in multiple directions, and many experimental studies have reported moment-rotation response. However, experimental methods, reporting of results, and levels of the spine tested vary widely, and a comprehensive assessment of moment-rotation response a...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.109579
更新日期:2020-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Muscles coordinate multijoint motion by generating forces that cause reaction forces throughout the body. Thus, a muscle can redistribute existing segmental energy by accelerating some segments and decelerating others. In the process, a muscle may also produce or absorb energy, in which case its summed energetic effec...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type:
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(02)00046-5
更新日期:2002-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The process of adaptive bone remodeling can be described mathematically and simulated in a computer model, integrated with the finite element method. In the model discussed here, cortical and trabecular bone are described as continuous materials with variable density. The remodeling rule applied to simulate the remode...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(92)90056-7
更新日期:1992-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A clinical strength MRI and intact bovine caudal intervertebral discs were used to test the hypotheses that (1) mechanical loading and trypsin treatment induce changes in NMR parameters, mechanical properties and biochemical contents; and (2) mechanical properties are quantitatively related to NMR parameters. MRI acqu...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.04.015
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In orthodontics, the 3D translational and rotational movement of a tooth is determined by the force-moment system applied and the location of the tooth's centre of resistance (CR). Because of the practical constraints of in-vivo experiments, the finite element (FE) method is commonly used to determine the CR. The obje...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.07.043
更新日期:2019-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Sustained mechanical loading of skeletal muscle may result in the development of a severe type of pressure ulcer, referred to as deep tissue injury. Recently it was shown that the diffusion of large molecules (10-150kDa) is impaired during deformation of tissue-engineered skeletal muscle, suggesting a role for impaire...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.07.043
更新日期:2010-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury can result in failure to return to pre-injury activity levels and future osteoarthritis predisposition. Single leg hop is used in late rehabilitation to evaluate recovery and inform treatment but biomechanical understanding of this activity is insufficient. This study investigat...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2013.11.046
更新日期:2014-02-07 00:00:00
abstract::In human walking, the center of mass motion is similar to an inverted pendulum. Viewing double support as a transition from one inverted pendulum to the next, we hypothesized that the leading leg performs negative work to redirect the center of mass velocity, while simultaneously, the trailing leg performs positive wo...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00169-5
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous studies investigating the effects of shoe midsole hardness on running kinematics have often used male subjects from within a narrow age range. It is unknown whether shoe midsole hardness has the same kinematic effect on male and female runners as well as runners from different age categories. As sex and age h...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.027
更新日期:2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::A simple axisymmetric finite element model of a human spine segment containing two adjacent vertebrae and the intervening intervertebral disc was constructed. The bodies and disc were modeled by three substructures; one to represent each of the vertebral bodies, the annulus fibrosus, and the nucleus pulposus. A semi-a...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(84)90128-3
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperelastic material models have been incorporated in the rotation-free, large deformation, shell finite element (FE) formulation of (Stolarski et al., 2013) and applied to dynamic simulations of aortic heart valve. Two models used in the past in analysis of such problem i.e. the Saint-Venant and May-Newmann-Yin (MNY...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.11.031
更新日期:2017-01-04 00:00:00
abstract::Blast pulmonary trauma are common consequences of modern war and terrorism action. To better protect soldiers from that threat, the injury risk level when protected and unprotected must be assessed. Knowing from the literature that a possible amplification of the blast threat would be provided by some thoracic protect...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2019.02.011
更新日期:2019-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Linking human mechanical work to physiological work for the purpose of developing a model of physical fatigue is a complex problem that cannot be solved easily by conventional biomechanical analysis. The purpose of the study was to determine if two nonlinear analysis methods can address the fundamental issue of utiliz...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.06.011
更新日期:2009-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::This paper has three purposes. (1) To verify an error formula from which the maximal precision in derivatives obtained from noisy measurement data can be calculated. The formula is verified by comparison with the resulting noise in derivatives obtained by local least squares polynomial fitting. It is also verified tha...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(82)90082-3
更新日期:1982-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Current clinical practice lacks an accurate predictor for the pathological fracture risk in metastatic bone disease, but biomechanical tools are under development to improve these predictions. In this paper we explain the limitations of currently used clinical guidelines and provide an overview of more objective and q...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2014.12.017
更新日期:2015-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::This study looks at pulsatile blood flow through four different right coronary arteries, which have been reconstructed from biplane angiograms. A non-Newtonian blood model (the Generalised Power Law), as well as the usual Newtonian model of blood viscosity, is used to study the wall shear stress in each of these arter...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.jbiomech.2005.01.034
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Starting from the laws of thermodynamics of reversible processes, a temperature-dependent constitutive equation is derived for the elastic force-length relation of soft biological tissues. These tissues are composed of a network of fibres (mainly collagen). The equation is based on a model which uses a simplified two-...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0021-9290(89)90222-4
更新日期:1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Subchondral bone undecalcified samples, extracted from bovine femoral heads, are subjected to a direct tensile load. The Young's modulus of each sample is determined from repeated tests within the elastic limit. In a last test, the tensile load is increased up to the specimen failure, determining the ultimate tensile ...
journal_title:Journal of biomechanics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00074-9
更新日期:2000-09-01 00:00:00