Abstract：
:The skeleton consists of a series of elements with a variety of functions. In locations where shape or protection are of prime importance the bone's architecture is achieved during growth under direct genetic control. In locations where resistance to repetitive loading is important only the general form of the bone will be achieved as a result of growth alone, the remaining characteristics result from functional adaptation. This mechanism ensures that bone architecture is modelled and remodelled until prevailing strains match those genetically prescribed for that location. For this match to be established, and subsequently maintained, bone cells must be able to 'assess' feedback derived directly or indirectly from the functional strains produced within the tissue. These strains are therefore the objective of functionally adaptive remodelling, and the stimulus for its control. Evans was the first person to refer to the recording of functional strains from gauges attached to bone in vivo. This technique has allowed quantitative investigations on bone's normal functional strain environment, and its adaptive response to changes in its state of strain. Recent investigations have extended to the immediate effects of dynamic strains on the structure of the bone matrix, and the biochemical behaviour of the resident bone cells. Such studies should reveal the mechanism by which strains within the matrix are transduced into the biochemical signals by which adaptive remodelling is controlled.
journal_name
J Biomechjournal_title
Journal of biomechanicsauthors
Lanyon LEdoi
10.1016/0021-9290(87)90026-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1987-01-01 00:00:00pages
1083-93issue
11-12eissn
0021-9290issn
1873-2380pii
0021-9290(87)90026-1journal_volume
20pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Bone densitometry has previously been used to obtain cross-sectional properties of bone from a single X-ray projection across the bone width. Using three unique projections, we have extended the method to obtain the principal area moments of inertia and orientations of the principal axes at each scan cross-section alo...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(01)00220-2
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The nonlinear stress-strain characteristics of the human menisci were determined by uniaxial elongation tests performed on circumferential and radial specimens prepared from different regions, layers, and locations. The properties of the collagen fibers and the matrix were calculated using the test results along with ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)00081-e
更新日期：1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Rapid force generation across submaximal levels has been evaluated with the rate of force development scaling factor (RFD-SF) in different isometric tasks, while such measurement was still not verified in dynamic tasks. Our study was designed to evaluate the feasibility of the RFD-SF in dynamic drop jump (DJ) task (RF...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.109980
更新日期：2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine the accuracy of a video system which our laboratory has been using to measure soft tissue strain. Both static and dynamic error analyses were performed to assess the accuracy of our video system. Static error was defined as the amount of movement reported by the video system ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(95)00131-x
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Motion capture systems currently used in biomechanical analysis introduce systematic measurement errors that appear in the form of noise in recorded displacement signals. The noise is unacceptably amplified when differentiating displacements to obtain velocities and accelerations. To avoid this phenomenon, it is neces...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.05.031
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to investigate the mechanical consequences of proteoglycan 4 (Prg4) deficiency on intervertebral disc mechanics using a Prg4 knockout mouse model. Prg4, also called lubricin, was first identified as the boundary lubricant in synovial fluid but has subsequently been localized within a numb...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2015.03.029
更新日期：2015-07-16 00:00:00
abstract：:Mechanical environment in callus is determinant for the evolution of bone healing. However, recent mechanobiological computational works have underestimated the effect that growth exerts on the mechanical environment of callus. In the present work, we computationally evaluate the significance of growth-induced stresse...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.04.021
更新日期：2011-06-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Synchronization of data coming from different sources is of high importance in biomechanics to ensure reliable analyses. This synchronization can either be performed through hardware to obtain perfect matching of data, or post-processed digitally. Hardware synchronization can be achieved using trigger cables connectin...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2011.09.014
更新日期：2012-01-03 00:00:00
abstract：:Poisson's ratio has not been experimentally measured earlier for meniscus in compression. It is however an important intrinsic material property needed in biomechanical analysis and computational models. In this study, equilibrium Poisson's ratio of bovine meniscus (n = 6) was determined experimentally by combining st...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2018.07.001
更新日期：2018-08-22 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of the current study was to use fluoroscopy to accurately determine the three-dimensional (3D), in vivo, weight-bearing kinematics of 10 normal and five anterior cruciate ligament deficient (ACLD) knees. Patient-specific bone models were derived from computed tomography (CT) data. 3D computer bone models...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.02.042
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As a support to the tooth, the mechanical response of the periodontal ligament (PDL) is complex. Like other connective tissues, the PDL exhibits non-linear and time-dependent behavior. The viscoelasticity of the PDL plays a significant role in low and high loading rates. Little information, however, is available on th...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.02.020
更新日期：2016-03-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Significant ground reaction forces exceeding body weight occur during the heel-strike phase of gait. The standard methods of analytical dynamics used to solve the impact problem do not accommodate well the heel-strike collision due to the persistent contact at the front foot and presence of contact at the back foot. T...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(00)00006-3
更新日期：2000-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Vortex shedding at vascular anastomoses were investigated in vitro using a 20 MHz pulsed-wave Doppler velocimeter. Centreline velocity measurements were made at various axial distances in simplified polyurethane models of proximal and distal end-to-side anastomoses of angles 15, 30, 45, 60 and 80 degrees using pulsati...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(99)00056-1
更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Fragility fractures are a result of alterations in bone quantity, tissue properties, applied loads, or a combination of these factors. The current study addresses the contribution of cortical bone tissue properties to skeletal fragility by characterizing the shear damage accumulation processes which occur during torsi...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0021-9290(98)00179-1
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The coronary arteries undergo large dynamic variations during each cardiac cycle due to their position on the beating heart. The local artery curvature varies significantly. In this study the influence of dynamic curvature on coronary artery hemodynamics is analyzed numerically. A realistic model of the bifurcation of...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.01.021
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dynamic responses of brain tissues are needed for predicting traumatic brain injury (TBI). We modified a dynamic experimental technique for characterizing high strain-rate mechanical behavior of brain tissues. Using the setup, the gray and white matters from bovine brains were characterized under compression to large ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.01.023
更新日期：2009-04-16 00:00:00
abstract：:To date, the diagnosis of whiplash injuries has been very difficult and largely based on subjective, clinical assessment. The work by Winters and Peles Multiple Muscle Systems--Biomechanics and Movement Organization. Springer, New York (1990) suggests that the use of finite helical axes (FHAs) in the neck may provide ...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(94)90192-9
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:When stepping down from a height difference in ongoing gait, subjects are known to use a heel landing at small height differences and switch to toe landing for larger height differences. We hypothesized that in toe landing, the leading leg can perform more negative work, to control the momentum gained during the desce...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2008.05.022
更新日期：2008-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Torsion is an important testing modality commonly used to calculate structural properties of long bones. However, the effects of size and geometry must be excluded from the overall structural response in order to compare material properties of bones of different size, age and species. We have developed a new method to...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2009.04.019
更新日期：2009-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability to limit the trunk flexion associated with an anteriorly directed trip is a determinant of successful recovery of recovering postural stability and is subservient to rapidly detecting and correcting the imposed trunk flexion in the available time. This experiment tested the hypothesis that subjects demonst...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(95)00142-5
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is not capable of detecting signal from the deep cartilage due to its short transverse relaxation time (T2). Moreover, several quantitative MRI techniques are significantly influenced by the magic angle effect. The combinations of ultrashort echo time (UTE) MRI with magnet...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2020.110085
更新日期：2020-12-02 00:00:00
abstract：:The problem of peristaltic transport of blood in a uniform and non-uniform tube has been investigated, under zero Reynolds number and long wavelength approximation. Blood is represented by a two-layered fluid model consisting of a central layer of suspension of all erythrocytes, etc., assumed to be a Casson fluid, and...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(84)90140-4
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three recent studies reveal that the unloaded length of a carotid artery increases significantly and rapidly in response to sustained increases in axial extension. Moreover, such lengthening involves an "unprecedented" increase in the rate of turnover of cells and matrix. Although current data are not sufficient for d...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2004.06.017
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Terry Fox jogging (TFJ) prosthesis was developed at Chedoke-McMaster Hospital to alleviate the asymmetric jogging pattern experienced by above-knee amputees when attempting to jog with conventional walking prostheses. This prosthesis features a spring-loaded, telescoping shank designed to eliminate any vaulting ac...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(89)90006-7
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Evidence concerning the alteration of knee function during landing suffers from a lack of consensus. This uncertainty can be attributed to methodological flaws, particularly in relation to the statistical analysis of variable human movement data. The aim of this study was to compare single-subject and group ana...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.05.046
更新日期：2012-08-09 00:00:00
abstract：:In quadrupeds, there have been limited comparisons of gait timing events detection (e.g., paw contact, PC and paw-off, PO) determined from kinematics and forceplates. The goal of this study was to investigate the effect of different slopes (0, -27, +27°), recovery times after ankle extensor nerve injury and repair (2,...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2012.03.013
更新日期：2012-05-11 00:00:00
abstract：:Radioembolization, which consist of the implantation of radioactive microspheres via intra-arterially placed microcatheter, is a safe and effective treatment for liver cancer. Nevertheless, radioembolization-related complications and side effects may arise, which are an active area of ongoing research. The catheter de...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.09.035
更新日期：2016-11-07 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the study was to evaluate the rates of change in the estimated masses and principal moments of inertia of the body segments during the second and third trimesters of pregnancy. Fifteen subjects, on average 15.1 weeks pregnant, were tested monthly until term. The body was modelled as 16 segments consisti...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0021-9290(95)00042-9
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We propose a numerical model of hemodynamics arising from malaria infection. This model is based on a particle method, where all the components of blood are represented by the finite number of particles. A two-dimensional spring network of membrane particles is employed for expressing the deformation of malaria infect...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2010.01.011
更新日期：2010-05-07 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper deals with the analysis of human arm movement in a crank-rotation task that is an example of environmentally constrained movements. Opening a door, rotating a steering wheel, and pushing a carriage are other typical examples of movements where the physical constraints, imposed on the hand position/orientati...
journal_title：Journal of biomechanics
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.jbiomech.2016.05.034
更新日期：2016-09-06 00:00:00
