Tumor cell heterogeneity: divided-colony assay for measuring drug response.

abstract：:The chronometric redshift-distance relation z = tan 2(1/2rho), where rho is the distance in radians in the Einstein metric, is derived by an elementary geometric analysis comparable to that in traditional analysis of the expanding universe model. The differential dTt of Einstein time evolution Tt through time t, as ap...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Segal IE

更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The mode of action of "allogeneic supernatant" (the culture supernatant of a 24-hr mixedlymphocyte reaction), has been studied. This factor stimulates the response of spleen cell cultures depleted in thymus-derived lymphoid cells (T-cells) to antigens that elicit a thymus-dependent response. We used a limiting dilutio...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hunter P,Kettman JR

更新日期：1974-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Fibrinogen binding to receptors on stimulated platelets is a prerequisite for platelet aggregation. To gain further insight into the role of fibrinogen in platelet aggregation and to identify the platelet fibrinogen receptor, we developed a monoclonal anti-platelet antibody that inhibited platelet aggregation. The pur...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bennett JS,Hoxie JA,Leitman SF,Vilaire G,Cines DB

更新日期：1983-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Photolyzed rhodopsin catalyzes the exchange of GTP for FDP bound to a protein in retinal rod outer segments. We previously proposed that the GTP complex of this protein regulates the cyclic GMP phosphodiesterase and that it may be the first amplified intermediate in visual excitation [Fung, B. K.-K. & Stryer, L. (1980...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fung BK,Hurley JB,Stryer L

更新日期：1981-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) can cause devastating lower respiratory tract infections in preterm infants or when other serious health problems are present. Immunoprophylaxis with palivizumab (Synagis), a humanized IgG1 mAb, is the current standard of care for preventing RSV infection in at-risk neonates. We have ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hiatt A,Bohorova N,Bohorov O,Goodman C,Kim D,Pauly MH,Velasco J,Whaley KJ,Piedra PA,Gilbert BE,Zeitlin L

更新日期：2014-04-22 00:00:00

abstract：:The neuroactive steroids dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA), its sulfate ester DHEA sulfate (DHEAS), and allopregnanolone (Allo), produced by the CNS and the adrenals, appear to exert a protective effect in hippocampal and cortical neuron ischemia- and excitotoxicity-induced injury. We hypothesized that they may also play ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Charalampopoulos I,Tsatsanis C,Dermitzaki E,Alexaki VI,Castanas E,Margioris AN,Gravanis A

更新日期：2004-05-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The Y73 strain of avian sarcoma virus recently isolated in Japan is defective in replication and is associated with subgroup A leukosis virus (YAV). The virus caused sarcoma but not acute leukosis when inoculated into chickens. Studies on the viral RNA showed that a 26S RNA, etimated to be 4.8 kilobases long, was Y73 ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kawai S,Yoshida M,Segawa K,Sugiyama H,Ishizaki R,Toyoshima K

更新日期：1980-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Estrogen signaling occurs through at least two distinct molecular pathways: (i) direct binding of liganded estrogen receptors (ERs) to estrogen-responsive DNA elements (EREs) (the "ER/ERE pathway") and (ii) indirect recruitment of liganded ERs to activating protein-1 (AP-1)-responsive DNA elements via heterodimers of ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheung E,Acevedo ML,Cole PA,Kraus WL

更新日期：2005-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The c-myc oncogene has been implicated in a wide spectrum of B-cell neoplasias. In normal cells, the level of expression of the c-myc gene correlates with growth status. In the present study, we examined the effect of receptor-mediated inhibition of growth on c-myc expression in a B-cell lymphoma. The murine lymphoma ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McCormack JE,Pepe VH,Kent RB,Dean M,Marshak-Rothstein A,Sonenshein GE

更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the presence of the nucleotide analog adenosine 5'-[gamma-thio]triphosphate (ATP[gamma S]), effects of Ca2+ on stiffness and equatorial x-ray diffraction patterns of single skinned fibers of the rabbit psoas muscle were studied. It is shown that cross-bridges in the presence of ATP[gamma S] have properties of the w...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kraft T,Yu LC,Kuhn HJ,Brenner B

更新日期：1992-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most neurotransmission is mediated by action potentials, whereas sensory neurons propagate electrical signals passively and release neurotransmitter in a graded manner. Here, we demonstrate that Caenorhabditis elegans neuromuscular junctions release neurotransmitter in a graded fashion. When motor neurons were depolar...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu Q,Hollopeter G,Jorgensen EM

更新日期：2009-06-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Recombinant adenoviral mediated delivery of suicide and cytokine genes has been investigated as a treatment for hepatic metastases of colon carcinoma in mice. Liver tumors were established by intrahepatic implantation of a poorly immunogenic colon carcinoma cell line (MCA-26), which is syngeneic in BALB/c mice. Intrat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Caruso M,Pham-Nguyen K,Kwong YL,Xu B,Kosai KI,Finegold M,Woo SL,Chen SH

更新日期：1996-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The genes coding for apolipoproteins (apo) AI, CIII, and AIV, designated APOA1, APOC3, and APOA4, respectively, are closely linked and tandemly organized in the long arm of the human chromosome 11. A DNA rearrangement involving the genes encoding apoAI and apoCIII in certain patients with premature atherosclerosis has...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Karathanasis SK,Ferris E,Haddad IA

更新日期：1987-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A gradual buildup of neuronal activity known as the "readiness potential" reliably precedes voluntary self-initiated movements, in the average time locked to movement onset. This buildup is presumed to reflect the final stages of planning and preparation for movement. Here we present a different interpretation of the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Schurger A,Sitt JD,Dehaene S

更新日期：2012-10-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Glucose-regulated protein 94 (GRP94) is an endoplasmic reticulum (ER) chaperone for which only few client proteins and no cofactors are known and whose mode of action is unclear. To decipher the mode of GRP94 action in vivo, we exploited our finding that GRP94 is necessary for the production of insulin-like growth fac...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ostrovsky O,Makarewich CA,Snapp EL,Argon Y

更新日期：2009-07-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Invasive potentials of carcinomas greatly contribute to their metastasis, which is a major threat in most cancers. We have recently shown that Arf6 plays a pivotal role in breast cancer invasive activities and identified AMAP1 as an effector of GTP-Arf6 in invasion. Expression of AMAP1 correlates well with invasive ph...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hashimoto S,Hirose M,Hashimoto A,Morishige M,Yamada A,Hosaka H,Akagi K,Ogawa E,Oneyama C,Agatsuma T,Okada M,Kobayashi H,Wada H,Nakano H,Ikegami T,Nakagawa A,Sabe H

更新日期：2006-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of human papillomavirus (HPV) and activated oncogenes on the growth and morphology of primary baby mouse kidney (BMK) cells has been studied. Early region DNA from HPV types 16, 18, 31, and 33, but not type 6, under the transcriptional control of a heterologous, retroviral promoter cooperated with EJ-ras to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Crook T,Storey A,Almond N,Osborn K,Crawford L

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Inactivation of the transcription factor p53 is central to carcinogenesis. Yet only approximately one-half of cancers have p53 loss-of-function mutations. Here, we demonstrate a mechanism for p53 inactivation by apoptosis repressor with caspase recruitment domain (ARC), a protein induced in multiple cancer cells. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Foo RS,Nam YJ,Ostreicher MJ,Metzl MD,Whelan RS,Peng CF,Ashton AW,Fu W,Mani K,Chin SF,Provenzano E,Ellis I,Figg N,Pinder S,Bennett MR,Caldas C,Kitsis RN

更新日期：2007-12-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Peroxiredoxins (Prx), a family of peroxidases that reduce intracellular peroxides with the thioredoxin system as the electron donor, are highly expressed in various cellular compartments. Among the antioxidant Prx enzymes, Prx2 is the most abundant in mammalian neurons, making it a prime candidate to defend against ox...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fang J,Nakamura T,Cho DH,Gu Z,Lipton SA

更新日期：2007-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacterial conjugation systems are members of the large type IV secretion system (T4SS) superfamily. Conjugative transfer of F plasmids residing in the Enterobacteriaceae was first reported in the 1940s, yet the architecture of F plasmid-encoded transfer channel and its physical relationship with the F pilus remain unk...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hu B,Khara P,Christie PJ

更新日期：2019-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Patients undergoing treatment at a community-based renal dialysis clinic were monitored monthly for hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs). Of 160 patients who began treatment HBsAg(-)/anti-HBs(-), 77 subsequently became HBsAg(+). Once HBsAg(+), males were more likely to remain HBsAg(+) i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： London WT,Drew JS

更新日期：1977-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:It is widely accepted that modern humans originated in sub-Saharan Africa approximately 150-200 thousand years ago (ka), but their route of dispersal across the currently hyperarid Sahara remains controversial. Given that the first modern humans north of the Sahara are found in the Levant approximately 120-90 ka, nort...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Osborne AH,Vance D,Rohling EJ,Barton N,Rogerson M,Fello N

更新日期：2008-10-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Protecting hydrologic connectivity of freshwater ecosystems is fundamental to ensuring species persistence, ecosystem integrity, and human well-being. More frequent and severe droughts associated with climate change are poised to significantly alter flow intermittence patterns and hydrologic connectivity in dryland st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jaeger KL,Olden JD,Pelland NA

更新日期：2014-09-23 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA chip technology enables simultaneous examination of how approximately 6,200 Saccharomyces cerevisiae gene transcript levels, representing the entire genome, respond to environmental change. By using chips bearing oligonucleotide arrays, we show that, after exposure to the alkylating agent methyl methanesulfonate, ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jelinsky SA,Samson LD

更新日期：1999-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Specific Ca2+ binding and Ca2+ activation of ATPase activity in scallop myosin require a regulatory light chain (RLC) from regulated (molluscan or vertebrate smooth) myosin; hybrids containing vertebrate skeletal RLCs do not bind Ca2+ and their ATPase activity is inhibited. Chimeras between scallop and chicken skeleta...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jancso A,Szent-Györgyi AG

更新日期：1994-09-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Structural differences between dynein and kinesin suggest a unique molecular mechanism of dynein motility. Measuring the mechanical properties of a single molecule of dynein is crucial for revealing the mechanisms underlying its movement. We measured the step size and force produced by single molecules of active cytop...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Toba S,Watanabe TM,Yamaguchi-Okimoto L,Toyoshima YY,Higuchi H

更新日期：2006-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Social networks exhibit strikingly systematic patterns across a wide range of human contexts. Although genetic variation accounts for a significant portion of the variation in many complex social behaviors, the heritability of egocentric social network attributes is unknown. Here, we show that 3 of these attributes (i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fowler JH,Dawes CT,Christakis NA

更新日期：2009-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Primary transcripts made in vitro on bacteriophage T4 DNA by RNA polymerase isolated from normal or T4-infected Escherichia coli were compared by gel electrophoresis. Bacteriophage-modified RNA polymerase fails to initiate transcription at certain promoters recognized by unmodified enzyme. In the T4tRNA gene region, o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goldfarb A

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Site-specific recombination is responsible for a broad range of biological phenomena, including DNA inversion, resolution of transposition intermediates, and the integration and excision of bacteriophage genomes. Integration of mycobacteriophage L5 is catalyzed by a phage-encoded integrase with recombination occurring...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Peña CE,Kahlenberg JM,Hatfull GF

更新日期：2000-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Hypertension increases the pressure load on the heart and is associated with a poorly understood chronic systemic inflammatory state. Interleukin 33 (IL-33) binds to membrane-bound ST2 (ST2L) and has antihypertrophic and antifibrotic effects in the myocardium. In contrast, soluble ST2 appears to act as a decoy recepto...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Chen WY,Hong J,Gannon J,Kakkar R,Lee RT

更新日期：2015-06-09 00:00:00