Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF) causes colitis and diarrhea, and is considered a candidate pathogen in inflammatory bowel diseases as well as colorectal cancers. These diseases are dependent on ETBF-secreted toxin (BFT). Dendritic cells (DCs) play an important role in directing the nature of adaptive immune responses to bacterial infection and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is involved in the regulation of DC function. AIM:To investigate the role of BFT in HO-1 expression in DCs. METHODS:Murine DCs were generated from specific pathogen-free C57BL/6 and Nrf2-/- knockout mice. DCs were exposed to BFT, after which HO-1 expression and the related signaling factor activation were measured by quantitative RT-PCR, EMSA, fluorescent microscopy, immunoblot, and ELISA. RESULTS:HO-1 expression was upregulated in DCs stimulated with BFT. Although BFT activated transcription factors such as NF-κB, AP-1, and Nrf2, activation of NF-κB and AP-1 was not involved in the induction of HO-1 expression in BFT-exposed DCs. Instead, upregulation of HO-1 expression was dependent on Nrf2 activation in DCs. Moreover, HO-1 expression via Nrf2 in DCs was regulated by mitogen-activated protein kinases such as ERK and p38. Furthermore, BFT enhanced the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inhibition of ROS production resulted in a significant decrease of phospho-ERK, phospho-p38, Nrf2, and HO-1 expression. CONCLUSION:These results suggest that signaling pathways involving ROS-mediated ERK and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases-Nrf2 activation in DCs are required for HO-1 induction during exposure to ETBF-produced BFT.
journal_name
World J Gastroenteroljournal_title
World journal of gastroenterologyauthors
Ko SH,Jeon JI,Woo HA,Kim JMdoi
10.3748/wjg.v26.i3.291subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-01-21 00:00:00pages
291-306issue
3eissn
1007-9327issn
2219-2840journal_volume
26pub_type
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