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Higher incidence of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion during induction chemotherapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in indian children.

Abstract：

BACKGROUND:Syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion (SIADH) is a well-known adverse effect of vincristine (VCR). Literature suggests that Asians are predisposed to develop SIADH following VCR administration. However, data regarding the occurrence of SIADH in children with malignancy are limited. This study aims to analyze the incidence, clinical picture, risk factors, management, and outcome of SIADH during induction chemotherapy for pediatric acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). MATERIALS AND METHODS:A prospective study was conducted among the 166 newly diagnosed pediatric ALL patients who were treated at a tertiary cancer center in India between January 2015 and December 2015. Patients who developed hyponatremia during induction chemotherapy were further investigated for SIADH. RESULTS:The incidence of SIADH was 10.8% (n = 18) with a mean sodium level of 125 mEq/L (114-129 mEq/L). In the preceding 2 weeks, 72% of episodes were associated with the administration of two (n = 6) or three (n = 7) doses of VCR. One child presented with seizures. All the patients were managed with fluid restriction and only two patients required sodium correction with 3% saline. Girls older than 10 years of age showed a marginally significant correlation to develop SIADH (P-value = 0.059). CONCLUSION:We report a higher incidence of SIADH (10.8%) in Indian children, compared to that described in the literature, during induction chemotherapy for ALL. Regular monitoring of sodium levels during this period of chemotherapy is hence essential for the timely diagnosis and appropriate management of SIADH, which in turn will avert complications, including neurological symptoms secondary to SIADH.

journal_name

Indian J Cancer

journal_title

Indian journal of cancer

authors

Seetharam S,Thankamony P,Gopakumar KG,Krishna KMJ

doi

10.4103/ijc.IJC_737_18

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2019-10-01 00:00:00

pages

320-324

issue

eissn

0019-509X

issn

1998-4774

pii

IndianJournalofCancer_2019_56_4_320_267603

journal_volume

pub_type

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Higher incidence of syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion during induction chemotherapy of acute lymphoblastic leukemia in indian children.