Abstract:
:Stimulating an immune response against cancer through adoptive transfer of tumor-targeting lymphocytes has shown great promise in hematological malignancies, but clinical efficacy against many common solid epithelial cancers remains low. Targeting 'neoantigens'-the somatic mutations expressed only by tumor cells-might enable tumor destruction without causing undue damage to vital healthy tissues. Major challenges to targeting neoantigens with T cells include heterogeneity and variability in antigen processing and presentation of targets by tumors, and an incomplete understanding of which T cell qualities are essential for clinically effective therapies. Finally, the prospect of targeting somatic tumor mutations to promote T cell destruction of cancer must contend with the biology that not all tumor-expressed 'neoepitopes' actually generate neoantigens that can be functionally recognized and provoke an effective immune response. In this Review, we discuss the promise, progress and challenges for improving neoantigen-targeted T cell-based immunotherapies for cancer.
journal_name
Nat Medjournal_title
Nature medicineauthors
Yamamoto TN,Kishton RJ,Restifo NPdoi
10.1038/s41591-019-0596-ysubject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-10-01 00:00:00pages
1488-1499issue
10eissn
1078-8956issn
1546-170Xpii
10.1038/s41591-019-0596-yjournal_volume
25pub_type
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