Abstract:
:Despite major efforts to reduce atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD) burden with conventional risk factor control, significant residual risk remains. Recent evidence on non-traditional determinants of cardiometabolic health has advanced our understanding of lifestyle-disease interactions. Chronic exposure to environmental stressors like poor diet quality, sedentarism, ambient air pollution and noise, sleep deprivation and psychosocial stress affect numerous traditional and non-traditional intermediary pathways related to ASCVD. These include body composition, cardiorespiratory fitness, muscle strength and functionality and the intestinal microbiome, which are increasingly recognized as major determinants of cardiovascular health. Evidence points to partially overlapping mechanisms, including effects on inflammatory and nutrient sensing pathways, endocrine signalling, autonomic function and autophagy. Of particular relevance is the potential of low-risk lifestyle factors to impact on plaque vulnerability through altered adipose tissue and skeletal muscle phenotype and secretome. Collectively, low-risk lifestyle factors cause a set of phenotypic adaptations shifting tissue cross-talk from a proinflammatory milieu conducive for high-risk atherosclerosis to an anti-atherogenic milieu. The ketone body ß-hydroxybutyrate, through inhibition of the NLRP-3 inflammasome, is likely to be an intermediary for many of these observed benefits. Adhering to low-risk lifestyle factors adds to the prognostic value of optimal risk factor management, and benefit occurs even when the impact on conventional risk markers is discouragingly minimal or not present. The aims of this review are (a) to discuss novel lifestyle risk factors and their underlying biochemical principles and (b) to provide new perspectives on potentially more feasible recommendations to improve long-term adherence to low-risk lifestyle factors.
journal_name
Eur J Prev Cardioljournal_title
European journal of preventive cardiologyauthors
Lechner K,von Schacky C,McKenzie AL,Worm N,Nixdorff U,Lechner B,Kränkel N,Halle M,Krauss RM,Scherr Jdoi
10.1177/2047487319869400subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-03-01 00:00:00pages
394-406issue
4eissn
2047-4873issn
2047-4881journal_volume
27pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Cardiovascular risk factors tend to be clustered. Variations in clusters across populations have not been widely investigated. This study aims to compare the prevalence and clustering of major cardiovascular risk factors between adults in the Netherlands and China. METHODS:A total of 6542 Dutch adults was r...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/2047487316648474
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using data from the Seven Countries Study of Cardiovascular Diseases, the first study to conduct international comparisons of men in different European, USA, and Japanese cohorts, we examined the effect of diet-associated inflammation on prediction of coronary heart disease-, other major cardiovascular disease- and al...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487320903866
更新日期:2020-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background The relationships between dietary intake of soy foods and risk of cardiovascular disease are uncertain. The aims of this study were to evaluate and summarize the evidence on the association between consumption of soy and risk of cardiovascular disease (including stroke and coronary heart disease). Methods W...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1177/2047487316686441
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:Dyslipidaemia is a modifiable cardiovascular risk factor with prognostic implications. Current strategies for lipid management in young adults are largely based on expert recommendations. We investigated the risks of death and cardiovascular disease in relation to each lipid component to establish evidence for pri...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487319898571
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Worldwide, each year more than 7 million people experience myocardial infarction, in which one-year mortality rates are now in the range of 10%, but vary with patient characteristics. The consequences are even more dramatic: among patients who survive, 20% suffer a second cardiovascular event in the first year and app...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/2047487316663873
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The Traveller community are an indigenous minority group in Great Britain and Ireland who experience premature mortality. While minority populations worldwide are known to have high rates of risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD), Traveller CVD risk has not previously been defined. DESIGN:All-Ireland...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/1741826711428059
更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background The risk of cardiovascular disease is closely connected to adipose tissue inflammation. The links between cardiovascular risk predictors and pro and anti-inflammatory macrophages in human adipose tissue were analysed to gain an insight into the pathophysiology of cardiovascular disease. Design Subcutaneous ...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487317743355
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Previous small sample studies suggested that elevated altitudes might be associated with the incidence of cardiovascular diseases. However, it remains uncertain whether high altitudes (over 3000 m above sea level) are related to congenital heart disease. We therefore explored the prevalence of congenital hea...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487318812502
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with symptoms of depression and/or anxiety - emotional distress - after a myocardial infarction (MI) have been shown to have worse prognosis and increased healthcare costs. However, whether specific subgroups of patients with emotional distress are more vulnerable is less well established. The purpo...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487319841475
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background There are few reviews comparing the long-term outcomes of the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers in a hypertensive population because both are effective in reducing blood pressure. None of them compared angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin ...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1177/2047487317728766
更新日期:2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND AIM:We aimed to investigate cardiovascular risk factors and health behaviours prospectively in a large population of French amateur rugby players. METHODS:An anonymous questionnaire was displayed to rugby players aged over 12 years enrolled in the 2014-2015 French amateur rugby championship from the Bur...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487319837066
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Although psychological interventions are recommended for the management of coronary heart disease (CHD), there remains considerable uncertainty regarding their effectiveness. Design Systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials (RCTs) of psychological interventions for CHD. Methods The...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1177/2047487317739978
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:As with ischaemic heart disease, cardiac rehabilitation (CR) is recommended for patients undergoing heart valve surgery; recommendations are based on limited evidence. The organization of CR programmes and factors associated with uptake among patients undergoing heart valve surgery have not been studied. Thi...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487314536364
更新日期:2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracellular vesicles are released upon cellular activation and mediate inter-cellular communication. Individual species of extracellular vesicles might have divergent roles in vascular homeostasis and may show different responses to therapies such as exercise training. AIMS:We examine endothelial effects ...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487320919894
更新日期:2020-05-07 00:00:00
abstract::Aims High concentrations of air pollutants are associated with increased risk for myocardial infarction. The European Union has defined statutory limits for air pollutants based on upper absolute concentrations. We evaluated the association between rapid changes in air pollutants and the risk of myocardial infarction ...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487318755804
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Demographic changes, progress in medicine technology and regional problems in providing healthcare to low density populations are posing great challenges to our healthcare systems. Rapid progress in computer sciences and information technologies have a great impact on the way healthcare will be delivered in the near f...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1177/2047487316670256
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Inverse associations of the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and physical activity with cardiovascular disease have been previously reported. We investigated the individual and combined contributions of both to this inverse association in a Mediterranean cohort. Design We used data from 19,536 participants from...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/2047487318783263
更新日期:2018-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of a physical activity telemonitoring program on daily physical activity level, oxygen uptake capacity (VO(2peak)), and cardiovascular risk profile in coronary artery disease (CAD) patients who completed phase II cardiac rehabilitation (CR). METHODS:Eight...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/2047487313514018
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evaluation of health-related quality of life (HRQL) is important in improving the quality of patient care. The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the HeartQoL in patients with ischemic heart disease (IHD), specifically angina, myocardial infarction (MI), or ischemic heart failu...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/2047487312450545
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background Epidemiological studies on smoking and atrial fibrillation have been inconsistent, with some studies showing a positive association while others have found no association. It is also unclear whether there is a dose-response relationship between the number of cigarettes smoked or pack-years and the risk of a...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1177/2047487318780435
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Background To assess the association between health-related quality of life (HRQL) and a composite outcome including incident coronary heart disease (CHD) and cerebrovascular events in a large general population-based cohort. Design Prospective analysis on 17,102 men and women (mean age 53 ± 11) free from cardiovascul...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487317748452
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1177/2047487314552764
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The test-retest reliability for multiple cardiopulmonary exercise test (CPX) variables has not been compared in a single study and the influence of different diseases on test-retest reliability has not been examined. We investigated different measures of test-retest reliability for multiple variables and com...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487313518474
更新日期:2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the cost-effectiveness of apixaban versus warfarin in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) with a moderate to severe risk of stroke, from an Australian government-perspective. METHODS:A decision-analytic Markov model was constructed to assess the cost-effectiveness of apixaban versus warfarin,...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487313514019
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In clinical practice, individuals at increased risk of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are identified on the basis of age, sex, smoking, blood pressure, and serum total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. We examined whether CVD risk prediction improved when obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg/m(2)) and prem...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487312444233
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gonadal function is thought to be involved in existing atherosclerotic plaques stabilization and might affect reperfusion after primary percutaneous coronary intervention (pPCI). We aimed to compare the prevalence of hypotestosteromenia between ST-elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) and stable angina (SA...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487314533084
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:AIMS:The aim of this study was to assess the performance of eight clinical risk prediction scores to identify individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) at high cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk, as defined by the presence of atherosclerotic plaques. METHODS:CVD risk was estimated in 210 eligible SLE patients...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487320906650
更新日期:2020-03-02 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is not clear if the European Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation algorithm is useful for identifying prevalent subclinical atherosclerosis in a population of apparently healthy individuals. Our aim was to explore the association between the risk estimates from Systematic Coronary Risk Evaluation and preva...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1177/2047487320909300
更新日期:2020-03-03 00:00:00
abstract::Background Exercise rehabilitation is highly recommended by current guidelines on prevention of cardiovascular disease, but its implementation is still poor. Many clinicians experience difficulties in prescribing exercise in the presence of different concomitant cardiovascular diseases and risk factors within the same...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,实务指引,评审
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更新日期:2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The exercise electrocardiographic stress test (ExET) is the most widely used non-invasive diagnostic method to detect coronary artery disease. However, the sole ST depression criteria (ST-max) have poor specificity for coronary artery disease in patients with left ventricular hypertrophy. We hypothesised tha...
journal_title:European journal of preventive cardiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1177/2047487316655259
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00