Abstract:
:Access to water and sanitation services by the population of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region, Minas Gerais State, Brazil, has been marked by processes of socio-spatial segregation and social exclusion. Considering the recognition, in 2010, of the human rights to water and sanitation by the United Nations, we seek to assess the adequate access to these services in the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region through the principle of equality and non-discrimination. We used microdata from the demographic censuses, years 2000 and 2010, from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. We analyzed these data through descriptive and comparative statistical analysis, spatial analysis and multivariate analysis, so as to: determine the extent of the universalization of the adequate access to those services; assess the spatial dependence between municipalities regarding this access; identify and characterize possible access discrimination, by specific population groups. Results show an increase in the proportion of households with adequate access to water and sanitation services in the intercensus period; near lack spatial association, showing inequalities among the 34 municipalities of the Belo Horizonte Metropolitan Region; access inequalities among different population groups - according to household situation, income, race or color, sex and educational level - in a possible non compliance with the principle of non-discrimination. :O acesso aos serviços de saneamento básico por parte da população da Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, vem sendo marcado por processos de segregação socioespacial e exclusão social. Tendo em vista o reconhecimento, em 2010, dos direitos humanos à água e ao esgotamento sanitário pela Organização das Nações Unidas, busca-se analisar o acesso adequado a estes serviços na Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte por meio do princípio da igualdade e não discriminação. Foram utilizados microdados provenientes dos censos demográficos do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística, anos de 2000 e 2010. Esses foram submetidos à análise estatística descritiva e comparativa, análise espacial e análise multivariada, buscando-se: dimensionar a universalização do acesso adequado aos serviços; analisar a dependência espacial entre os municípios no que se refere a tal acesso; identificar e caracterizar possível discriminação no acesso, por parte de determinados grupos populacionais. Os resultados permitiram observar: aumento na proporção de domicílios com o acesso adequado aos serviços de água e esgoto no período intercensitário; quase inexistência de associação espacial, demonstrando haver desigualdades entre os 34 municípios que compõem a Região Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte; desigualdades no acesso entre diferentes grupos populacionais - segundo situação do domicílio, renda, cor ou raça, sexo e escolaridade - em possível desacordo com o princípio da não discriminação. :El acceso a los servicios de agua y saneamiento por parte de la población de la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brasil, ha estado marcado por procesos de segregación socioespacial y exclusión social. Teniendo en vista el reconocimiento, en 2010, de los derechos humanos al agua y al saneamiento por las Naciones Unidas, se busca analizar el acceso adecuado a esos servicios en la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte, a través del principio de la igualdad y no discriminación. Se utilizaron microdatos provenientes de los censos demográficos del Instituto Brasileño de Geografía y Estadística, en los años 2000 y 2010. Estos se sometieron a un análisis estadístico descriptivo y comparativo, análisis espacial y análisis multivariado, buscando: dimensionar la universalización del acceso adecuado a los servicios; analizar la dependencia espacial entre los municipios en lo que se refiere a tal acceso; identificar y caracterizar una posible discriminación en el acceso, por parte de determinados grupos poblacionales. Los resultados permitieron observar: un aumento en la proporción de domicilios con acceso adecuado a los servicios de agua y saneamiento durante el período intercensitario; casi inexistencia de asociación espacial, demostrando que existen desigualdades entre los 34 municipios que componen la Región Metropolitana de Belo Horizonte; desigualdades en el acceso entre diferentes grupos poblacionales -según la situación del domicilio, renta, color o raza, sexo y escolaridad-, en posible desacuerdo con el principio de la no discriminación.
journal_name
Cad Saude Publicajournal_title
Cadernos de saude publicaauthors
Nahas MIP,Moura ASA,Carvalho RC,Heller Ldoi
10.1590/0102-311X00100818subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
e00100818issue
4eissn
0102-311Xissn
1678-4464pii
S0102-311X2019000405002journal_volume
35pub_type
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