Abstract:
:Actin cytoskeleton self-organization in two cell types, fibroblasts and epitheliocytes, was studied in cells confined to isotropic adhesive islands. In fibroblasts plated onto islands of optimal size, an initially circular actin pattern evolves into a radial pattern of actin bundles that undergo asymmetric chiral swirling before finally producing parallel linear stress fibers. Epitheliocytes, however, did not exhibit succession through all the actin patterns described above. Upon confinement, the actin cytoskeleton in non-keratinocyte epitheliocytes was arrested at the circular stage, while in keratinocytes it progressed as far as the radial pattern but still could not break symmetry. Epithelial-mesenchymal transition pushed actin cytoskeleton development from circular towards radial patterns but remained insufficient to cause chirality. Knockout of cytokeratins also did not promote actin chirality development in keratinocytes. Left-right asymmetric cytoskeleton swirling could, however, be induced in keratinocytes by treatment with small doses of the G-actin sequestering drug, latrunculin A in a transcription-independent manner. Both the nucleus and the cytokeratin network followed the induced chiral swirling. Development of chirality in keratinocytes was controlled by DIAPH1 (mDia1) and VASP, proteins involved in regulation of actin polymerization.This article has an associated First Person interview with the first author of the paper.
journal_name
J Cell Scijournal_title
Journal of cell scienceauthors
Jalal S,Shi S,Acharya V,Huang RY,Viasnoff V,Bershadsky AD,Tee YHdoi
10.1242/jcs.220780subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-03-07 00:00:00issue
5eissn
0021-9533issn
1477-9137pii
jcs.220780journal_volume
132pub_type
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