Abstract:
Background:Low-carbohydrate, high-fat (LCHF) diets are useful for treating a range of health conditions, but there is little research evaluating the degree of carbohydrate restriction on outcome measures. This study compares anthropometric and cardiometabolic outcomes between differing carbohydrate-restricted diets. Objective:Our hypothesis was that moderate carbohydrate restriction is easier to maintain and more effective for improving cardiometabolic health markers than greater restriction. Design:A total of 77 healthy participants were randomised to a very low-carbohydrate ketogenic diet (VLCKD), low-carbohydrate diet (LCD), or moderate-low carbohydrate diet (MCD), containing 5%, 15% and 25% total energy from carbohydrate, respectively, for 12-weeks. Anthropometric and metabolic health measures were taken at baseline and at 12 weeks. Using ANOVA, both within and between-group outcomes were analysed. Results:Of 77 participants, 39 (51%) completed the study. In these completers overall, significant reductions in weight and body mass index occurred ((mean change) 3.7 kg/m2; 95% confidence limits (CL): 3.8, 1.8), along with increases in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, (0.49 mmol/L; 95% CL; 0.06, 0.92; p = 0.03), and total cholesterol concentrations (0.11 mmol/L; 95% CL; 0.00, 0.23; p = 0.05). Triglyceride (TG) levels were reduced by 0.12 mmol/L (95% CL; -0.20, 0.02; p = 0.02). No significant changes occurred between groups. The largest improvements in high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and TG and anthropometric changes occurred for the VLCKD group. Conclusions:Low-carbohydrate, high-fat diets have a positive effect on markers of health. Adherence to the allocation of carbohydrate was more easily achieved in MCD, and LCD groups compared to VLCKD and there were comparable improvements in weight loss and waist circumference and greater improvements in HDL-c and TG with greater carbohydrate restriction.
journal_name
PeerJjournal_title
PeerJauthors
Harvey CJDC,Schofield GM,Zinn C,Thornley SJ,Crofts C,Merien FLRdoi
10.7717/peerj.6273subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-02-05 00:00:00pages
e6273issn
2167-8359pii
6273journal_volume
7pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
PeerJ文献大全abstract::Pueraria lobata (willd.) Ohwi is a consumable selenium-enriched plant used for medicinal purposes. The molecular response to selenium (Se) stimuli in P. lobata is currently unknown. We used RNA-Seq to identify potential genes involved in selenite metabolism and analyzed their expression profiles. We obtained a total o...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.8768
更新日期:2020-03-24 00:00:00
abstract::Freshwater food webs are dominated by aquatic invertebrates whose trophic relationships are often poorly known. Here, I used laboratory experiments to study the role of a water bug, Sigara striata, as a potential predator and prey in food webs of stagnant waters. Multiple-choice predation experiment revealed that Siga...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.389
更新日期:2014-05-22 00:00:00
abstract:Background:KIAA1199 is a recently identified novel gene that is upregulated in various human cancers with poor survival, but its role and the underlying mechanisms in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) remain unknown. Here, we collected tissues from 105 cases of LSCC to investigate the relationships between KIAA1...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9637
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:The objective of the present study was to compare the effects of equal-volume resistance training (RT) performed with different training frequencies on muscle size and strength in trained young men. Methods:Sixteen men with at least one year of RT experience were divided into two groups, G1 and G2, that tra...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.5020
更新日期:2018-06-22 00:00:00
abstract::Bovine odorant-binding protein (bOBP) differs from other lipocalins by lacking the conserved disulfide bond and for being able to form the domain-swapped dimers. To identify structural features responsible for the formation of the bOBP unique dimeric structure and to understand the role of the domain swapping on maint...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1933
更新日期:2016-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Using wearable inertial sensors to accurately estimate energy expenditure (EE) during an athletic training process is important. Due to the characteristics of inertial sensors, however, the positions in which they are worn can produce signals of different natures. To understand and solve this issue, this stu...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7973
更新日期:2019-11-04 00:00:00
abstract::Environmental heterogeneity affects not only the distribution of a species but also its local abundance. High heterogeneity due to habitat alteration and fragmentation can influence the realized niche of a species, lowering habitat suitability as well as reducing local abundance. We investigate whether a relationship ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2398
更新日期:2016-09-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Sturnira is one of the most species-rich genera in the Neotropics, and it is found from Mexico and the Lesser Antilles to Argentina. This genus forms a well-supported monophyletic clade with at least twenty-one recognized species, as well as several others under taxonomic review. Sturnira parvidens is a wide...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3367
更新日期:2017-05-24 00:00:00
abstract::Vitellogenin has been proposed to regulate division of labor and social organization in social insects. The red imported fire ant (Solenopsis invicta) harbors four distinct, adjacent vitellogenin genes (Vg1, Vg2, Vg3, and Vg4). Contrary to honey bees that have a single Vg ortholog as well as potentially fertile nurses...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.4875
更新日期:2018-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::Mollusc shells are an abundant resource that have been long used to predict the structures of ancient ecological communities, examine evolutionary processes, reconstruct paleoenvironmental conditions, track and predict responses to climatic change, and explore the movement of hominids across the globe. Despite the ubi...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9420
更新日期:2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Oil spills can cause severe damage within a marine ecosystem. Following a spill, the soluble fraction of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons is rapidly released into the water column. These remain dissolved in seawater over an extended period of time, even should the insoluble fraction be removed. The vertical ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.10087
更新日期:2020-10-27 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Stoichiometric relations drive powerful constraints in several fundamental ecosystem processes. However, limited studies have been conducted on the ecological stoichiometry of plants after the change of community composition induced by Stellera chamaejasme removal in alpine grassland in the Qinghai-Tibetan P...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9239
更新日期:2020-06-23 00:00:00
abstract::Motor unit synchronization is the tendency of motor neurons and their associated muscle fibers to discharge near-simultaneously. It has been theorized as a control mechanism for force generation by common excitatory inputs to these motor neurons. Magnitude of synchronization is calculated from peaks in cross-correlati...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7907
更新日期:2019-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::The Somali Sengi or Somali Elephant-shrew ('Elephantulus' revoilii, Macroscelidea, Mammalia) has been considered a "lost species" and is primarily known from about 39 museum specimens, with no new vouchered occurrence records since the early 1970s. The scientific literature contains no data concerning living Somali Se...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9652
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::Phlorotannins are primary and/or secondary metabolites found exclusively in brown seaweeds, but their geographic distribution and abundance dynamic are not very well understood. In this study we evaluated the phlorotannin concentrations among and within-species of brown seaweeds in a broad latitudinal context (range o...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7379
更新日期:2019-08-14 00:00:00
abstract::Helminths include both parasitic nematodes (roundworms) and platyhelminths (trematode and cestode flatworms) that are abundant, and are of clinical importance. The genetic characterization of parasitic flatworms using advanced molecular tools is central to the diagnosis and control of infections. Although the nuclear ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.207
更新日期:2013-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:There is much literature devoted to the problem of drug resistance and decreased susceptibility of fungi to commonly used antifungals. AIM:To analyze drug susceptibility of Candida albicans and non-Candida albicans strains isolated from the hands of people without any symptoms of disease over a 16-year pe...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3038
更新日期:2017-02-23 00:00:00
abstract::The ornamental trade is a worldwide industry worth >15 billion USD with a problem of rampant product misidentification. Minimizing misidentification is critical in the face of overexploitation of species in the trade. We surveyed the peppermint shrimp ornamental marketplace in the southeastern USA, the most intense ma...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3786
更新日期:2017-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::[This corrects the article DOI: 10.7717/peerj.2869.]. ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章,已发布勘误
doi:10.7717/peerj.2869/correction-1
更新日期:2017-12-07 00:00:00
abstract:Background:Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is associated with significantly increased risk of death, and early risk stratification may help to choose the appropriate treatment. The study aimed to develop a neural network model by using a genetic algorithm (GA) for the prediction of mortality in patients with...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7719
更新日期:2019-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Ocean acidification (OA) is not an isolated threat, but acts in concert with other impacts on ecosystems and species. Coastal marine invertebrates will have to face the synergistic interactions of OA with other global and local stressors. One local factor, common in coastal environments, is trace element contamination...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.538
更新日期:2014-09-09 00:00:00
abstract::Herbivory and nutrient enrichment are drivers of benthic dynamics of coral reef macroalgae; however, their impact may vary seasonally. In this study we evaluated the effects of herbivore pressure, nutrient availability and potential propagule supply on seasonal recruitment and succession of macroalgal communities on a...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2643
更新日期:2016-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::Background. In recent years, there has been an explosion in the number of technical and medical diagnostic platforms being developed. This has greatly improved our ability to more accurately, and more comprehensively, explore and characterize human biological systems on the individual level. Large quantities of biomed...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.177
更新日期:2013-10-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Essential oil components (EOCs) are molecules with interesting application in pest control, these have been evaluated against different insect pest from more than 100 years, but their practical use is rather limited. Thus, the enhancement of their bioavailability and manageability due to their dispersion in ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.3171
更新日期:2017-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::Non-invasive measurements of glucocorticoid (GC) concentrations, including cortisol and corticosterone, serve as reliable indicators of adrenocortical activities and physiological stress loads in a variety of species. As an alternative to invasive analyses based on plasma, GC concentrations in saliva still represent s...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1590
更新日期:2016-01-18 00:00:00
abstract::Viruses encoding a replication-associated protein (Rep) within a covalently closed, single-stranded (ss)DNA genome are among the smallest viruses known to infect eukaryotic organisms, including economically valuable agricultural crops and livestock. Although circular Rep-encoding ssDNA (CRESS DNA) viruses are a widesp...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.5761
更新日期:2018-10-11 00:00:00
abstract:Background:DegS is a periplasmic serine protease that is considered to be the initiator of the σE stress response pathway, and this protein plays an important role in the regulation of the stress response in E. coli. However, knowledge of the biological function and global regulatory network of DegS in Vibrio cholerae ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.7959
更新日期:2019-10-23 00:00:00
abstract:Background:This study postulates that underlying environmental conditions and a susceptible population's socio-economic status should be explored simultaneously to adequately understand a vector borne disease infection risk. Here we focus on West Nile Virus (WNV), a mosquito borne pathogen, as a case study for spatial ...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.9577
更新日期:2020-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Although the existence of coral-reef habitats at depths to 165 m in tropical regions has been known for decades, the richness, diversity, and ecological importance of mesophotic coral ecosystems (MCEs) has only recently become widely acknowledged. During an interdisciplinary effort spanning more than two decades, we c...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.2475
更新日期:2016-10-04 00:00:00
abstract::Background. Physical, visual, chemical, and auditory cues signalling fighting ability have independently evolved in many animal taxa as a means to resolve conflicts without escalating to physical aggression. Facial width-to-height ratio (fWHR, i.e., the relative width to height of the face) has been associated with do...
journal_title:PeerJ
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.7717/peerj.1775
更新日期:2016-03-21 00:00:00