Abstract：
:Metipranolol is a β-adrenergic receptor antagonist that is given orally for the treatment of hypertension and also applied topically to the cornea for treating glaucoma. It also inhibits nitrosative stress which has previously been shown to be the cause of cone photoreceptor death in retinitis pigmentosa. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that metipranolol protects photoreceptor structure and function in the mouse model rd10. At P35, compared with vehicle-treated rd10 mice in which rod degeneration was nearly complete, rd10 mice given daily subcutaneous injections of 40 mg/kg of metipranolol had reduction in markers of nitrosative stress, fewer TUNEL-positive cells, increased outer nuclear layer thickness, and substantially more staining for rhodopsin. This was accompanied by significantly higher mean scotopic and photopic electroretinogram b-wave amplitudes indicating improved photoreceptor function. At P50, metipranolol-treated rd10 mice had decreased 3-nitrotyrosine staining in the retina, increased immunostaining for cone arrestin, a marker for cone photoreceptors, and significantly higher scotopic and photopic b-wave amplitudes at the highest stimulus intensity compared with vehicle-treated mice. At P65, cone density was significantly higher in metipranolol-treated versus vehicle-injected rd10 mice. Metipranolol applied as eye drops promoted cone photoreceptor function in retinas of rd10 mice greater than subcutaneously injected metipranolol. The reduced nitrosative damage and rescue of functional loss of photoreceptors in rd10 mice suggests that metipranolol, a drug with established ocular safety and tolerability, may have potential for treating patients with retinitis pigmentosa.
journal_name
J Neurochemjournal_title
Journal of neurochemistryauthors
Kanan Y,Khan M,Lorenc VE,Long D,Chadha R,Sciamanna J,Green K,Campochiaro PAdoi
10.1111/jnc.14613subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2019-01-01 00:00:00pages
307-318issue
2eissn
0022-3042issn
1471-4159journal_volume
148pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Near total inhibition of brain adenosine deaminase (ADA) activity in rats injected with the potent ADA inhibitor 2'-deoxycoformycin (DCF) was previously shown to reduce enzyme activity for up to 50 days during which time the enzyme exhibited reduced sensitivity to in vivo inhibition by DCF. Here, we investigated the b...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1992.tb09739.x
更新日期：1992-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The synaptosomal metabolism of glutamine was studied under in vitro conditions that simulate depolarization in vivo. With [2-15N]glutamine as precursor, the [glutamine]i was diminished in the presence of veratridine or 50 mM KCl, but the total amounts of [15N]glutamate and [15N]aspartate formed were either equal to th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1990.tb04911.x
更新日期：1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neuronal survival after ischemic injury is determined through the induction of several biological pathways. We examined whether lubeluzole, an agent efficacious in both clinical and experimental models of cerebral ischemia, modulated the signal transduction mechanisms of nitric oxide (NO), a downstream mediator of ano...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020710.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The chemokine IL-8 is known to be synthesized by glial cells in the brain. It has traditionally been shown to have an important role in neuroinflammation but recent evidence indicates that it may also be involved in rapid signaling in neurons. We investigated how IL-8 participates in rapid neuronal signaling by using ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00469.x
更新日期：2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most G protein-coupled receptors contain a conserved pair of extracellular cysteine residues that are predicted to form a disulfide bond linking the first and second extracellular loops. Previous studies have shown that this disulfide bond may be critical for ligand binding, receptor activation, and/or proper receptor...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0722404.x
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Math2 (NEX-1/NeuroD6) is a member of the basic helix-loop-helix transcription factor family and is involved in neuronal differentiation and maturation. In this study, we identified the genes targeted by Math2 using DNA microarrays and cultured rat cortical cells transfected with Math2. Of the genes regulated by Math2,...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05579.x
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Parkinson disease (PD) is a prevalent neurodegenerative disease, in which the formation of misfolded and aggregated α-synuclein is a key neuropathological hallmark. Recent studies reveal that extracellular vesicles such as exosomes present a potential mechanism for propagation of pathological α-synuclein throughout th...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/jnc.15288
更新日期：2020-12-29 00:00:00
abstract：:A dipeptidyl aminopeptidase was partially purified from a supernatant fraction of bovine adrenal medulla by gel filtration and anion-exchange chromatography. From gel filtration, the apparent molecular weight of the enzyme was 68,100 and its pH optimum was 9.5. Its Km for hydrolysis of the synthetic substrate arginyla...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb13226.x
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Biogenic amine receptors are involved in the regulation and modulation of various physiological and behavioral processes in both vertebrates and invertebrates. We have cloned a member of this gene family from the CNS of the honeybee, Apis mellifera. The deduced amino acid sequence is homologous to tyramine receptors c...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2000.0740900.x
更新日期：2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In a previous study, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) has been shown to induce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) expression through mitogen-activated protein kinases and nuclear factor-kappaB pathways in rat brain astrocytes. Moreover, transactivation of growth factor receptors and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05318.x
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Choline acetyltransferase (ChAT), the enzyme synthesizing acetylcholine, is known to be activated by brain derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF). We found that the specific removal of the carbohydrate polysialic acid (PSA) significantly increased BDNF-induced ChAT-activity in embryonic septal neurons. Using a p75 neurotr...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04110.x
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a motor neuron disease caused by loss of function mutations in the Survival Motor Neuron 1 (SMN1) gene and reduced expression of the SMN protein, leading to spinal motor neuron death, muscle weakness and atrophy. Although humans harbour the highly homologous SMN2 gene, its defective sp...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.14935
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of phorbol esters were investigated on the survival of chick sympathetic neurons in a serum-free culture medium. The protein kinase C activator phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDB) supported about 40% of the plated sympathetic neurons. This number was comparable to that supported by nerve growth factor (NGF). A ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1988.tb01835.x
更新日期：1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A targeted neuropharmacological, (1)H/(13)C NMR spectroscopy and multivariate statistical approach was used to examine the effects of exogenous GABA and ligands at the GABA(A) receptor family on brain metabolism in the Guinea pig cortical tissue slice. All ligands at GABA(A) receptors generated metabolic patterns whic...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2008.05742.x
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ependymins are thought to be implicated in fundamental processes involved in plasticity of the goldfish CNS. Gas-phase sequencing of purified ependymins beta and gamma revealed that they share the same N-terminal sequence. Each sequence displays microheterogeneities at several positions. Based on the protein sequences...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1989.tb10932.x
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Acute exposure to 100 mM isotonic ethanol (EtOH) increased intracellular Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), induced cell swelling, and transformed actin cytoskeleton in astroglial primary cultures from rat cerebral cortex. Fluorometric recordings of fluo-3AM- or fura-2AM-incubated astroglial cells revealed that EtOH induce...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.2001.00097.x
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in both the pathogenesis of and protection from NMDA receptor-mediated neuronal injury. This apparent paradox has been attributed to alternate redox states of nitrogen monoxide, whereby, depending on the redox milieu, nitrogen monoxide can be neuroprotective via nitrosation chemis...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1999.0721843.x
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of basal and of H2O2-stimulated cyclooxygenase activity in the primary fractions of rat brain homogenates and in the subfractions of crude mitochondrial fraction was studied. For comparison, the localization of H2O2-generating monoamine oxidase (MAO) as well as that of the mitochondrial marker succina...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1983.tb11297.x
更新日期：1983-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Limited information is available on the identity of antigens targeted by antibodies present in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). The aim of this study was to identify novel antigens for CIS and investigate their prognostic potential to predict conversion to multiple scleros...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.12005
更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in the free fatty acid pool size and fatty acyl chain composition of mitochondrial membrane phospholipids and their relation to disruption of mitochondrial function were examined in rat brains after 30 min of cerebral ischemia (Pulsinelli-Brierley model) and 60 min of normoxic reoxygenation. During ischemia, s...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1994.62051921.x
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) express a diversity of voltage-gated sodium channels. From rat DRG we have cloned and functionally expressed a tetrodotoxin-sensitive sodium channel alpha subunit, NaCh6/Scn8a/rPN4, and a splice variant, rPN4a. Primary structure analysis shows NaCh6/Scn8a/rPN4 to be highly homo...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1998.70062262.x
更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neurodegenerative diseases are a worldwide health problem and are a major cause of death and disability. A progressive loss of defined neuronal populations is triggered by a diverse array of stimuli that converge in deficient neurotrophic signaling. Therefore, much effort has been placed in recent years in the charact...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.1111/jnc.15196
更新日期：2020-10-19 00:00:00
abstract：:The presynaptic terminals of skate (Raja montagui) electric organ were tested for their sensitivity to calcium channel antagonists. Acetylcholine (ACh) release and the elevation of intraterminal Ca2+ concentrations triggered by K+ depolarisation were studied. ACh release was measured as 3H efflux from slices of organ ...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1995.64020944.x
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Among bone morphogenetic proteins (BMPs), the decapentaplegic (Dpp; BMP2, BMP4) and glass bottom boat (Gbb/60A; BMP5, BMP6, BMP7) subgroups have well-described functions guiding autonomic and sensory neuronal development, fiber formation and neurophenotypic identities. Evaluation of rat superior cervical ganglia (SCG)...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2006.04293.x
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Action mechanism of lipopolysaccharide (LPS), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), and lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) to regulate motility, an important process of astrogliosis, was investigated in rat astrocytes. While LPA exerted no significant effect on the cell migration, the prior treatment of the cells with LPS or IL-1β resulte...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2011.07188.x
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary cultures of astrocytes from newborn rat brain showed evidence of a substrate-saturable process for glucose transport. The system shows a relatively high affinity for the substrate, with an apparent Km of approximately 1 mM. Maintenance of the cells in medium containing thyroid-hormone-free serum for 3, 6, or 9...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.1985.tb07239.x
更新日期：1985-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration of angiotensin IV (Ang IV) or Leu-Val-Val-haemorphin 7 (LVV-H7) improves memory performance in normal rats and reverses memory deficits in rat models for cognitive impairment. These memory effects were believed to be mediated via the putative 'AT4 receptor'. However, thi...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/j.1471-4159.2009.06547.x
更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have revealed changes in immunohistochemical stains for calcium-binding proteins after manipulations that influence intracellular calcium. Cases have been revealed in which these changes in immunoreactivity were not correlated with changes in protein amounts. The present experiments examined whether t...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1996.66020764.x
更新日期：1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Increased cerebrovascular permeability is an important factor for the development of cerebral edema. To investigate the effect of hypoxia on the transport of blood-borne proteins to the brain, we used a cell culture model of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) consisting of a coculture of brain capillary endothelial cells a...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1046/j.1471-4159.1997.68020874.x
更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The RNA integrity number (RIN) is often considered to be a critical measure of the quality of postmortem human brains. However, it has been suggested that RINs do not necessarily reflect the availability of intact mRNA. Using the Agilent bioanalyzer and qRT-PCR, we explored whether RINs provide a meaningful way of ass...
journal_title：Journal of neurochemistry
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/jnc.13637
更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00
