Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:The primary objective of this pilot study was to describe the impact of e-cigarette liquid flavors on experienced e-cigarette users' vaping behavior. METHODS:11 males and 3 females participated in a 3-day inpatient crossover study using e-cigarettes with strawberry, tobacco, and their usual brand e-liquid. Nicotine levels were nominally 18 mg/mL in the strawberry and tobacco e-liquids and ranged between 3-18 mg/mL in the usual brands. On each day, participants had access to the study e-cigarette (KangerTech mini ProTank 3, 1.5 Ohms, 3.7 V) and the assigned e-liquid during a 90-minute videotaped ad libitum session. RESULTS:Average puff duration was significantly longer when using the strawberry e-liquid (3.2 ± 1.3 s, mean ± SD) compared to the tobacco e-liquid (2.8 ± 1.1 s) but the average number of puffs was not significantly different (strawberry, 73 ± 35; tobacco, 69 ± 46). Compared to the strawberry- and tobacco-flavored e-liquids, average puff duration was significantly longer (4.3 ± 1.6 s) and the average number of puffs was significantly higher (106 ± 67 puffs) when participants used their usual brand of e-liquid. Participants generally puffed more frequently in small groups of puffs (1-5 puffs) with the strawberry compared to the tobacco e-liquid and more frequently in larger groups (>10 puffs) with their usual brand. The strength of the relationship between vaping topography and nicotine intake and exposure were not consistent across e-liquids. CONCLUSION:Vaping behavior changes across e-liquids and influences nicotine intake. Research is needed to understand the mechanisms that underlie these behavioral changes, including e-liquid pH and related sensory effects, subjective liking, and nicotine effects.
journal_name
Drug Alcohol Dependjournal_title
Drug and alcohol dependenceauthors
St Helen G,Shahid M,Chu S,Benowitz NLdoi
10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.04.032subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2018-08-01 00:00:00pages
42-48eissn
0376-8716issn
1879-0046pii
S0376-8716(18)30299-0journal_volume
189pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Although frequent heavy drinking has been associated with decreased odds of quitting smoking, the extent to which smoking cessation is associated with decreased alcohol consumption is less clear. The present study examined over a 2-year period whether individuals who quit smoking for at least 6 months, compared to tho...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.02.008
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:Though the introduction of office-based buprenorphine has greatly contributed to stem the HIV epidemic since 1995, concerns have been raised about the intravenous use of buprenorphine even in patients on substitution treatment. The aim of this study was to identify which factors are predictive of buprenorphine inj...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2008.03.025
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:American Indians and Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have high rates of tobacco use compared to the general population. AI/ANs also have elevated rates of psychiatric and substance use disorders associated with nicotine dependence. However, very few studies have examined the comorbidity between nicotine dependence a...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.08.017
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Little is known about the relative severity or typical sequence of Diagnostic and Statistical Manual (DSM-IV) symptoms of nicotine dependence. Using data from the National Comorbidity Study (NCS), the current study used a Rasch logistic item response model to assess the unidimensionality of the construct of nicotine d...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(03)00201-1
更新日期：2003-11-24 00:00:00
abstract：:Our study compared the results of self-report (SR) plus breath carbon monoxide (CO) monitoring to SR plus urine cotinine (COT) analysis of recent tobacco use for a recently completed smoking cessation study that compared the efficacy of different intensities of psychosocial treatments coupled with 8 weeks of patch tre...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(01)00162-4
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pattern of gangliosides in membranes of erythrocytes was examined in healthy and in alcoholic subjects on the second and on the 28th day of detoxification therapy. The GM3 and GD3 fraction were decreased significantly in alcoholics on the 2nd day. After 4 weeks of abstinence all changes had returned to the level o...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(90)90087-u
更新日期：1990-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Technology-based applications represent a promising method for providing efficacious, widely available interventions to substance abuse treatment patients. However, limited access to communication technology (i.e., mobile phones, computers, internet, and e-mail) could significantly impact the feasibility of ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.10.003
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:We explored the association between alcohol use and condomless receptive (CRAI) and insertive (CIAI) anal intercourse within partnership contexts of men who have sex with men (MSM) and transgender women (TGW) in Lima, Peru. METHODS:From 2012-2014, we surveyed men and TGW (n=1607) who reported anal intercour...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.10.033
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study presents an integrative data analysis of the association between frequency of cannabis use and severity of depressive symptoms using data from four Australasian cohort studies. The integrated data comprised observations on over 6900 individuals studied on up to seven occasions between adolescence ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2012.06.002
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the efficacy of behavioral and pharmacological interventions for insomnia among individuals with alcohol use disorder (AUD). PROCEDURES:Comprehensive literature searches of psychological, medical, and educational databases were conducted through October 2016. Eligible studies evaluated the efficac...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.09.029
更新日期：2017-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Patients on opioid replacement therapy (ORT) to treat opioid use disorder are frequently monitored for these medications, but it is not known if they are also adhering to their psychotropic medications. This is an analysis of measure of potential adherence to psychotropic medications by patients on ORT. MET...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.08.632
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:The nucleus accumbens (NAc) is a ventral striatal structure underlying reward, reinforcement, and motivation, with extensive anatomic and functional connections to a wide range of affective processing structures (medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), amygdala, and insula). Characterizing how acute alcohol intake ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.107811
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study aimed to evaluate the factors associated with drinking behavior of cancer survivors after cancer diagnosis. METHODS:The study subjects were 906 adult cancer survivors who had reportedly drunk alcohol before cancer diagnosis and participated in the Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2016.11.024
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：AIMS:To examine the psychosocial correlates of substance use among adolescents in six European countries. DESIGN:Cross-sectional school population survey (ESPAD) based on standardized methodological procedures. SETTING:High schools in six European countries: Bulgaria, Croatia, Greece, Romania, Slovenia and UK. PARTI...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.05.018
更新日期：2007-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：:By systematic sampling of households after two stage proportionate random sampling of villages, a total of 4670 persons above 15 years of age were selected from the rural areas of Ajmer district in Rajasthan, India, to estimate the prevalence rate of alcohol abuse and to study its socio-demographic correlates (Part I)...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(84)90016-4
更新日期：1984-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Diversion programs are considered alternatives to the arrest and incarceration of non-violent drug offenders, including those found in possession of smaller amounts of cannabis in states with prohibitive laws. Despite the progressive nature of such programs, the inability to complete diversion program requir...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2020.108316
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Administrative data provide a rich resource for improving our understanding of individuals with substance use disorders. The validation of administrative proxies for moderate or high risk alcohol or drug (AOD) use could enhance the ability to carry out rigorous observational research (for example, for use in the const...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2010.03.013
更新日期：2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Recovery support models (RSMs) integrate peer supports and continuing care to promote sustained recovery for adolescents with substance use disorder. RSMs aim to build recovery capital (RC), the personal, social, and environmental resources required to sustain recovery. The Alternative Peer Group (APG) is an...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2019.02.025
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Injection drug users (IDUs) who have recently initiated an injecting career have high risk behaviors for HIV infection. The average age of an IDUs first injection is typically reported as 19-20 years, and some literature has reported 'maturing out' of drug use typically around 40 years old. The purpose of this study w...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(98)00142-2
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Drug usage patterns among patients admitted to a Swedish clinic specialized in the treatment of drug dependence have undergone significant changes during the last fifteen years. During this period there has been a decline in amphetamine taking and a rise in opiate abuse. Yearly cohorts of drug abusers were subjected t...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(80)90188-x
更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Influence of parental alcohol/substance abuse on methadone maintenance therapy (MMT) outcome was examined in 164 DSM-III-R opioid dependent adults with no other current DSM Axis I disorder. Family history positive patients had more DSM-III-R opioid dependence symptoms and were more likely to be classified as severely ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(00)00146-0
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interest in oral fluid as an alternative matrix for monitoring drug use is due to its ease-of-collection and non-invasiveness; however, limited data are available on the disposition of drugs into oral fluid. The objective of this research was to provide data on the presence and concentrations of heroin, cocaine and mu...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2006.08.020
更新日期：2007-03-16 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Contingency management (CM) is an efficacious intervention for reducing cigarette smoking. However, CM is rarely adopted as a smoking cessation treatment in the community. This study analyzed the effectiveness of a CM procedure in combination with a cognitive-behavioral treatment (CBT) for smoking cessation ...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2014.03.030
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Stressful life events (SLEs) play a key role in suicidal behavior among adults with alcohol use disorders (AUD), yet there are meager data on the severity of SLEs preceding suicidal behavior or the timing of such events. METHOD:Patients in residential substance use treatment who made a recent suicide attemp...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2011.07.013
更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:4-MTA (p-methylthioamphetamine) is a new synthetic sulphur derivative of amphetamine that has been associated with six deaths since it was first identified in Europe in 1997. Sold as 'ecstasy' or 'Flatliners', the drug like MDMA is a potent serotonin releaser. Using a self-nominated sampling methodology we accessed ov...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-8716(02)00018-2
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Binge drinking (BD) consists of heavy episodic alcohol use. Whereas the World Health Organization (WHO) defines BD as 60g of alcohol or more per occasion, the National Institute on Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse (NIAAA) conceives BD as drinking 70g (men) or 56g (women) in less than two hours. We compared the s...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.01.034
更新日期：2017-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sprague-Dawley rats were intoxicated with alcohol or morphine, by ingestion in a fluid diet. Alcohol or morphine preference was studied in two-bottle choice tests. Preference increased up to a certain level with increasing time of intoxication at one dose level. Some 10% of the animals had an extremely high preference...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(88)90067-1
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:This study examined factors associated with marijuana use initiation among never users, prior-to-past year user who return to use, and users who continue use over a 12-month follow-up period. METHODS:Two waves (W1 and W2) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) Study provided data (N=26,20...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2017.10.006
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper reports a study of drug use among non-students in three countries: Mexico, Canada and India. In all three countries core items from a World Health Organization questionnaire were used. The results were generally consistent with the expectation that non-students would show greater use than students. The stro...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-8716(81)90026-0
更新日期：1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Research indicates that many adolescents frequently use multiple substances. This study examines stability and transitions in the use and co-use of multiple substances (cigarette, alcohol, marijuana, illicit drugs) from adolescence to young adulthood. METHODS:Data were collected biennially from 662 youth in...
journal_title：Drug and alcohol dependence
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.drugalcdep.2018.05.015
更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00
