Abstract:
:Specific binding properties of the tritium-labeled delta opiate receptor agonist [3H][2-D-penicillamine, 5-D-penicillamine]enkephalin [( 3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin) were characterized in the rat brain and in a mouse neuroblastoma-rat glioma hybrid cell line (NG 108-15). Saturation isotherms of [3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding to rat brain and NG 108-15 membranes gave apparent Kd values of 1-6 nM. These values are in good agreement with the Kd value obtained from the kinetic studies. The Bmax value in NG 108-15 membranes was 235.3 fmol/mg of protein. An apparent regional distribution of [3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding was observed in the rat brain. A number of enkephalin analogues inhibited [3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding with high affinity (IC50 values of 0.5-5.0 nM) in both NG 108-15 and rat brain membranes. However, putative mu receptor-selective ligands such as morphine, [D-Ala2, MePhe4, Gly5-ol]enkephalin, [MePhe3, D-Pro4]morphiceptin, and naloxone were less effective inhibitors of [3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin binding in both systems tested. These data suggest that [3H][D-Pen2, D-Pen5]enkephalin is a potent and selective ligand for the delta opioid receptor.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Akiyama K,Gee KW,Mosberg HI,Hruby VJ,Yamamura HIdoi
10.1073/pnas.82.8.2543subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1985-04-01 00:00:00pages
2543-7issue
8eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490journal_volume
82pub_type
杂志文章abstract::When human genome was fractionated by thermal elution chromatography, repetitious DNA was found in every arbitrary temperature segment. When these repetitious DNA families were used for in situ hybridization, the following conclusions were evident: (a) Unlike the case of mouse, where essentially all centromeric hetero...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.6.1464
更新日期:1972-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Natural environments typically contain multiple sound sources. The sounds from these sources frequently overlap in time and often mask each other. Masking could potentially distort the representation of a sound's spectrum, altering its timbre and impairing object recognition. Here, we report that the auditory system p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0711291105
更新日期:2008-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::TCR-mediated recognition of beta-linked self-glycolipids bound to CD1d is poorly understood. Here, we have characterized the TCR repertoire of a CD1d-restricted type II NKT cell subset reactive to sulfatide involved in the regulation of autoimmunity and antitumor immunity. The sulfatide/CD1d-tetramer(+) cells isolated...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1000576107
更新日期:2010-06-15 00:00:00
abstract::Apolipoprotein A-I (apo A-I), the major apolipoprotein in human high density lipoproteins, is involved in the disease atherosclerosis. Cloned apo A-I cDNA (pA1-3) was used as a probe in chromosome mapping studies to detect the human apo A-I structural gene sequence in human-Chinese hamster cell hybrids. Southern blot ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.2.508
更新日期:1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glutamate transporters are essential for recovery of the neurotransmitter glutamate from the synaptic cleft. Crystal structures in the outward- and inward-facing conformations of a glutamate transporter homolog from archaebacterium Pyrococcus horikoshii, sodium/aspartate symporter GltPh, suggested the molecular basis ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1616413114
更新日期:2017-02-14 00:00:00
abstract::Rising sea levels and increased storminess are expected to accelerate the erosion of soft-cliff coastlines, threatening coastal infrastructure and livelihoods. To develop predictive models of future coastal change we need fundamentally to know how rapidly coasts have been eroding in the past, and to understand the dri...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1613044113
更新日期:2016-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::The glucose transporter isoform GLUT4 is found only in cells that exhibit insulin-sensitive glucose transport. To investigate the function of this transporter, L6 myoblasts were stably transfected with GLUT4 cDNA. GLUT4 underwent insulin-dependent movement to the cell surface in myoblasts overexpressing the transporte...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.8.3493
更新日期:1992-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::We demonstrate that the receptor binding moiety of Escherichia coli heat-labile enterotoxin (EtxB) can completely prevent autoimmune disease in a murine model of arthritis. Injection of male DBA/1 mice at the base of the tail with type II collagen in the presence of complete Freund's adjuvant normally leads to arthrit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.10.5290
更新日期:1997-05-13 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebellar long-term depression (LTD) is a persistent attenuation of synaptic transmission at the parallel fiber-Purkinje cell synapse mediated by the removal of GluR2 subunit-containing alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptors. The removal of AMPA receptors requires protein kinase C p...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0408278102
更新日期:2004-12-28 00:00:00
abstract::During exercise, increased energy demands are met by increased glucose production that occurs simultaneously with the increased glucose uptake. We had previously observed that, during exercise, metabolic clearance rate of glucose (MCR) increases markedly in normal, but only marginally in poorly controlled diabetic dog...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.4.1296
更新日期:1991-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::Executing gene circuits by cell-free transcription-translation into cell-sized compartments, such as liposomes, is one of the major bottom-up approaches to building minimal cells. The dynamic synthesis and proper self-assembly of macromolecular structures inside liposomes, the cytoskeleton in particular, stands as a c...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1914656117
更新日期:2020-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::We assess the significance of high-frequency variability of environmental parameters (sunlight, precipitation, temperature) for the structure and function of terrestrial ecosystems under current and future climate. We examine the influence of hourly, daily, and monthly variance using the Ecosystem Demography model ver...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0912032107
更新日期:2010-05-04 00:00:00
abstract::Engineered calmodulins (CaMs), rendered Ca2+-insensitive by mutations, function as dominant negatives in heterologous systems, and have revealed mechanisms of ion channel modulation by Ca2+/CaM. The use of these CaMs in native mammalian cells now emerges as a strategy to unmask the biology of such Ca2+ feedback. Here,...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.262372999
更新日期:2002-12-24 00:00:00
abstract::Transcription factors (TFs) are primary regulators of gene expression in cells, where they bind specific genomic target sites to control transcription. Quantitative measurements of TF-DNA binding energies can improve the accuracy of predictions of TF occupancy and downstream gene expression in vivo and shed light on h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1715888115
更新日期:2018-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::Phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate (PIP3) plays a key role in neuronal polarization and axon formation. PIP3-containing vesicles are transported to axon tips by the kinesin KIF13B via an adaptor protein, centaurin α1 (CENTA1). KIF13B interacts with CENTA1 through its forkhead-associated (FHA) domain. We solved th...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1009008107
更新日期:2010-11-23 00:00:00
abstract::To test for direct and indirect effects of a top predator on three lower trophic levels, we conducted two multiyear predator addition experiments in a tropical wet forest. Periodic additions of a top predator (predatory clerid beetle) to a wet forest understory shrub caused a reduction in the predatory beetle's prey (...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.9.5072
更新日期:1999-04-27 00:00:00
abstract::Tracheal antimicrobial peptide (TAP) is a member of the beta-defensin family of antibiotic peptides found in the tracheal mucosa of the cow. TAP gene expression in the bovine airway is inducible by lipopolysaccharide and inflammatory mediators, suggesting that it functions to protect the upper airway from infection. L...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.24.14118
更新日期:1996-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::The mechanisms involved in the uptake of uni- and multi-lamellar lipid vesicles by BALB/c mouse 3T3 cells have been investigated. Vesicles are incorporated into cells both by endocytosis and by a nonendocytotic mechanism which we propose involves fusion of vesicles with the plasma membrane. The nonendocytotic pathway ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.73.5.1603
更新日期:1976-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bone mineralization is an essential step during the embryonic development of vertebrates, and bone serves vital functions in human physiology. To systematically identify unique gene functions essential for osteogenesis, we performed a forward genetic screen in zebrafish and isolated a mutant, no bone (nob), that does ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1214231110
更新日期:2012-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::Optimization of hydride transfer (HT) catalysts to enhance rates and selectivities of (photo)electroreduction reactions could be a crucial component of a sustainable chemical industry. Here, we analyze how ring functionalization of the adsorbed transient intermediate 2-pyridinide (2-PyH-*)-predicted to form in situ fr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1911948116
更新日期:2019-11-12 00:00:00
abstract::Fungi produce numerous low molecular weight molecules endowed with a multitude of biological activities. However, mining the full-genome sequences of fungi indicates that their potential to produce secondary metabolites is greatly underestimated. Because most of the biosynthesis gene clusters are silent under laborato...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0901870106
更新日期:2009-08-25 00:00:00
abstract::The assembly of regional biotas and organismal responses to anthropogenic climate change both depend on the capacity of organisms to adapt to novel ecological conditions. Here we demonstrate the concept of evolutionary lag time, the time between when a climatic regime or habitat develops in a region and when it is col...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1308721110
更新日期:2013-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::We hypothesized that a substantial portion of the mutagenic alterations produced in the basal layer of human skin by sunlight are induced by wavelengths in the UVA range. Using laser capture microdissection we examined separately basal and suprabasal keratinocytes from human skin squamous cell carcinomas and premalign...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0401141101
更新日期:2004-04-06 00:00:00
abstract::Horizontal cells of the carp retina possess dopamine receptors linked to adenylate cyclase. Isolated, intact horizontal cells respond to micromolar concentrations of dopamine, whereas nanomolar concentrations of haloperidol, (+)-butaclamol, and flupenthixol block the dopamine response. Preincubation in Ringer's soluti...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.79.10.3350
更新日期:1982-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We show that supercoiling of a DNA trefoil, the simplest knotted ring, perturbs differently the spatial writhe of its two chiral forms. As a consequence, the negative-noded and positive-noded DNA trefoils can be resolved by gel electrophoresis. Analysis of the chirality of trefoils produced by cyclization of two linea...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.5.1692
更新日期:1997-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Reverse transcriptase (RNA-directed DNA polymerase, EC 2.7.7.49) of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 has been examined with respect to the steady-state kinetics of polymerization of dNTPs into product DNA. With dNTPs as variable substrate, the kinetics of polymerization deviated from standard Michaelis-Menten kinet...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.20.9720
更新日期:1992-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Glycosylation is one of the most common posttranslational modifications to occur in protein biosynthesis, yet its effect on the thermodynamics and kinetics of proteins is poorly understood. A minimalist model based on the native protein topology, in which each amino acid and sugar ring was represented by a single bead...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0801340105
更新日期:2008-06-17 00:00:00
abstract::Ubiquitination, the crucial posttranslational modification that regulates the eukaryotic proteome, is carried out by a trio of enzymes, known as E1 [ubiquitin (Ub)-activating enzyme], E2 (Ub-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (Ub ligase). Although most E2s can work with any of the three mechanistically distinct classes of E3...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1705060114
更新日期:2017-08-08 00:00:00
abstract::Fluoxetine (Prozac) inhibited the membrane currents elicited by serotonin (5-hydroxytryptamine; 5HT) in Xenopus oocytes expressing either cloned 5HT2C receptors or 5HT receptors encoded by rat cortex mRNA. Responses of 5HT2C receptors, elicited by nM concentrations of 5HT, were rapidly and reversibly blocked by microm...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.5.2036
更新日期:1997-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Plant viruses are submitted to narrow population bottlenecks both during infection of their hosts and during horizontal transmission between host individuals. The size of bottlenecks exerted on virus populations during plant invasion has been estimated in a few pathosystems but is not addressed yet for horizontal tran...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0702739104
更新日期:2007-11-06 00:00:00