Understanding antidepressant discontinuation syndrome (ADS) through preclinical experimental models.

abstract：:Gastrins and cholecystokinins contract the isolated taenia coli of the guinea-pig. Porcine CCK-39 produced the greatest contractile response and human gastrin-17 I and -34 the weakest. Pentagastrin had the highest affinity to the receptors and non-sulphated CCK-8 the lowest. The contractions produced by the CCK peptid...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Nilsson S,Leander S,Vallgren S,Håkanson R

更新日期：1983-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：:It has been reported that icariin protects neurons against ischemia/reperfusion injury. In this study, we found that icariin could enhance neuronal viability and suppress neuronal death after oxygen and glucose deprivation (OGD). Further study showed that neuroprotection by icariin was through the induction of Sirtuin...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Wang L,Zhang L,Chen ZB,Wu JY,Zhang X,Xu Y

更新日期：2009-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is evidence for the existence of functional interactions between nicotine and cannabinoids and opioid compounds in adult experimental animals. However, there is scarce information about these relationships in young animals. In the present study we evaluated short and long-term effects of a subchronic nicotine tr...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Marco EM,Granstrem O,Moreno E,Llorente R,Adriani W,Laviola G,Viveros MP

更新日期：2007-02-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a gasotransmitter synthesized in peripheral tissues by the enzyme cystathionine gamma-lyase (CSE). This gas has been documented to be involved in a wide variety of processes including inflammation and nociception. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of the peripheral H2S ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Donatti AF,Araujo RM,Soriano RN,Azevedo LU,Leite-Panissi CA,Branco LG

更新日期：2014-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Angiotensin-converting enzymes, ACE and ACE2, are key members of renin angiotensin system. Activation of ACE2/Ang-(1-7) pathway enhances cardiovascular protective functions of bone marrow-derived stem/progenitor cells. The current study evaluated the selectivity of ACE2 inhibitors, MLN-4760 and DX-600, and ACE and ACE...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Joshi S,Balasubramanian N,Vasam G,Jarajapu YP

更新日期：2016-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of central vs. peripheral actions of clonidine was investigated in the rat following the separate and combined administration of clonidine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose (2-DG). Clonidine or 2-DG alone stimulated serum glucose and corticosterone but hypothalamic noradrenaline neuronal activity and ACTH release were st...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Smythe GA,Bradshaw JE,Gleeson RM,Grunstein HS,Nicholson MV

更新日期：1985-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:The purpose of this study was to determine whether there are age-related changes in the extent of in vitro-induced nitrate tolerance. Nitroglycerin pre-exposure (10 microM for 30 min) provoked a significant shift to the right of the dose-response curve to nitroglycerin in aortae isolated from rats of 8 weeks, 12 and 1...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Unger P,Berkenboom G,Brékine D,Fontaine J

更新日期：1993-08-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Bupropion is a weakly potent central nervous system (CNS) stimulant that is marketed both as an antidepressant and as an anti-smoking aid. The mechanism(s) by which it produces its effects is not well understood. In the present study, the effect of bupropion was examined in rats trained to discriminate the stimulus ef...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Young R,Glennon RA

更新日期：2002-05-17 00:00:00

abstract：:(-)-Epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG), a main flavanol of green tea, potently suppressed the urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) expression in human fibrosarcoma HT 1080 cells. EGCG induced not only the suppression of the uPA promoter activity but also the destabilization of uPA mRNA. EGCG inhibited the phospho...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Kim MH,Jung MA,Hwang YS,Jeong M,Kim SM,Ahn SJ,Shin BA,Ahn BW,Jung YD

更新日期：2004-03-08 00:00:00

abstract：:The authors investigated the effects of spinal and supraspinal administration of the benzodiazepine receptor agonist midazolam alone and with opioids on tests of nociception (tail-flick and hot-plate tests) and motor function (catalepsy) in rats. At the spinal level, the dose-response curves for peak effect and area u...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Luger TJ,Hayashi T,Weiss CG,Hill HF

更新日期：1995-03-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Unexpectedly, it was observed that the P2-purinoceptor antagonist, suramin (10 microM to 1 mM), reversed the muscle paralysis caused by structurally unrelated non-depolarizing relaxants. Suramin competitively reversed the blocking action of pancuronium. Both the pre- and postsynaptic blockade of nicotinic receptors by...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Henning RH,Nelemans A,Scaf AH,Van Eekeren J,Agoston S,Den Hertog A

更新日期：1992-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Topoisomerase I (Top1) is the specific target of the anticancer drug camptothecin (CPT) that interferes with enzyme activity promoting Top1-mediated DNA breaks and inhibition of DNA and RNA synthesis. To define the specific transcriptional response to CPT, we have determined the CPT-altered transcription profiles in y...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Lotito L,Russo A,Bueno S,Chillemi G,Fogli MV,Capranico G

更新日期：2009-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of bepridil and nifedipine, newly developed Ca2+ antagonists, were studied on the spontaneous action potentials of the true pacemaker cell preparations (0.5 X 0.5 mm) obtained from the rabbit sino-atrial (SA) node. At the lower concentrations, bepridil (10(-6) M) and nifedipine (10(-8) M) decreased the spo...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Goto J,Sperelakis N

更新日期：1984-03-23 00:00:00

abstract：:GABAA receptors are pentameric chloride ion channels that are opened by GABA. We have screened a cell line derived from human glioblastoma, U3047MG, for expression of GABAA receptor subunit isoforms and formation of functional ion channels. We identified GABAA receptors subunit α2, α3, α5, β1, β2, β3, δ, γ3, π, and θ ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Babateen O,Jin Z,Bhandage A,Korol SV,Westermark B,Forsberg Nilsson K,Uhrbom L,Smits A,Birnir B

更新日期：2015-02-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The effect of acute exposure to micromolar concentrations of kainic acid was studied in rat cerebellar astroglial cultures consisting of two antigenically and functionally distinct subpopulations of astrocytes. Kainate (20-100 microM) released [3H]GABA preaccumulated by A2B5-positive stellate astrocytes in a concentra...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Gallo V,Suergiu R,Levi G

更新日期：1986-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Troglitazone has recently been introduced in the treatment of Type 2 diabetes. In addition to its anti-diabetic effects it acts as a perixosome proliferator activated receptor-gamma (PPAR-gamma) agonist and has anti-inflammatory properties by inhibiting macrophage tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) secretion. It...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Beales PE,Liddi R,Giorgini AE,Signore A,Procaccini E,Batchelor K,Pozzilli P

更新日期：1998-09-18 00:00:00

abstract：:The involvement of 5-HT receptors in the antinociceptive effect of FR140423, 3-(difluoromethyl)-1-(4-methoxyphenyl)-5-[4-(methylsulfinyl)phenyl]py razole, was investigated in mice by means of the tail-pinch test. The antinociceptive effect of FR140423 injected i.t. was completely abolished by co-administration of the ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Ochi T,Goto T

更新日期：2000-12-08 00:00:00

abstract：:It is well documented that cannabinoid receptor agonist WIN 55,212-2 had protective effect against cerebral ischemic injury. Our previous study indicated that WIN 55,212-2 pretreatment induced ischemic tolerance to focal cerebral ischemia in a dose-dependent manner. The aim of the present study was to investigate the ...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hu B,Wang Q,Chen Y,Du J,Zhu X,Lu Y,Xiong L,Chen S

更新日期：2010-10-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The proenkephalin A derivative, peptide E, delayed gastrointestinal transit in mice and inhibited the micturition reflex in anesthetized rats after intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) administration. BAM22P, BAM12P and [Met5]enkephalin, possible processing fragments of peptide E, were also compared in the two test system...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Davis TP,Porreca F,Burks TF,Dray A

更新日期：1985-05-08 00:00:00

abstract：:To test the hypothesis that the flavonoid compound, fisetin, protects macrophages from lipid accumulation and senescence through regulation of casein kinase 2-interacting protein-1 (CKIP-1)/REGγ (11S regulatory particles, 28 kDa proteasome activator, proteasome activator subunit 3) signaling. RAW264.7 macrophage cells...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Jia Q,Cao H,Shen D,Yan L,Chen C,Xing S

更新日期：2019-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Diabetic osteopenia can result in an increased incidence of bone fracture and a delay in fracture healing. Quercetin, one of the most widely distributed flavonoids in plants, possesses antioxidant property and beneficial effect on osteoporosis in ovariectomized mice. All these properties make quercetin a potential can...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Liang W,Luo Z,Ge S,Li M,Du J,Yang M,Yan M,Ye Z,Luo Z

更新日期：2011-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelial differentiation gene (EDG) receptors are a new family of eight G protein-coupled receptors for the lysophospholipids lysophosphatitic acid and sphingosine-1-phosphate. In the present experiments, the expression of EDG receptors in rat and human alveolar macrophages was studied by reverse transcription-poly...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hornuss C,Hammermann R,Fuhrmann M,Juergens UR,Racké K

更新日期：2001-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:The action of a new effective antiarrhythmic agent, encainide, was studied with respect to the mechanical performance of isolated cat papillary muscle. Encainide (0.1-10 micrograms/ml) did not alter the performance of cardiac muscle during either the contraction or relaxation phase. By contrast, lidocaine (1-5 microgr...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Brutsaert DL

更新日期：1981-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The activation of C-fibers in the airways induces coughing, mucus production and bronchoconstriction, which are also symptoms of airway diseases. In this study, we evaluated the role of the C-fibers and the TRPV1 (transient receptor potential vanilloid 1) receptor in an experimental mouse model of allergic airway infl...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Rogerio AP,Andrade EL,Calixto JB

更新日期：2011-07-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is one of the many reasons that can cause myocardial injury. Our previous works have demonstrated that 14-3-3γ could protect myocardium against LPS-induced injury. Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP), an alkaloid found in Chinese herbs, exerts myocardial protection in many ways with multiple targets. We...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Huang B,You J,Qiao Y,Wu Z,Liu D,Yin D,He H,He M

更新日期：2018-08-05 00:00:00

abstract：:A close relationship between the renin-angiotensin system and the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy has been suggested, several angiotensin II type 1 receptor (angiotensin AT1 receptor) antagonists being effective in animal models. Therefore, we examined the efficacy of an angiotensin AT1 receptor antagonist, ol...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Nakamura H,Inoue T,Arakawa N,Shimizu Y,Yoshigae Y,Fujimori I,Shimakawa E,Toyoshi T,Yokoyama T

更新日期：2005-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：:The dopamine transporter removes the neurotransmitter from the synapse, regulating dopamine availability. The transporter can be internalized and its function is blocked by cocaine and other ligands. Melittin inhibits dopamine transporter function and causes internalization of the recombinant transporter in stably tra...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Keith DJ,Wolfrum K,Eshleman AJ,Janowsky A

更新日期：2012-09-05 00:00:00

abstract：:7-Nitroindazole (a selective neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase inhibitor) at 25 and 50 mg/kg, 30 min before the test, did not influence the electroconvulsive threshold. However, at 50 mg/kg, it enhanced the anticonvulsive activity of phenobarbital against maximal electroshock and did not affect that of carbamazepine...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Borowicz KK,Kleinrok Z,Czuczwar SJ

更新日期：1997-07-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Previous examinations demonstrated antidystonic effects of the synaptic vesicle protein 2A (SV2A) ligand levetiracetam in the dt(sz) mutant hamster, an animal model of paroxysmal non-kinesiogenic dyskinesia in which dystonic episodes can be induced by stress. In the present study, we examined the effects of the two ne...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Hamann M,Sander SE,Richter A

更新日期：2008-12-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This study aimed to investigate the effect of long-term oral nicotine administration on insulin resistance in an animal model of obesity. Eight-week-old male Zucker fatty rats (ZFRs) were administered nicotine tartrate dihydrate (4.6 mg/kg/day) in the drinking water. The control group was pair-fed. The body weights an...

journal_title：European journal of pharmacology

authors： Liu RH,Mizuta M,Matsukura S

更新日期：2003-01-01 00:00:00