Abstract：
:Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is one of the most effective treatments for obesity and type II diabetes. RYGB was originally believed to work by mechanically restricting caloric intake or causing macronutrient malabsorption. However, such mechanical effects play no role in the remarkable efficacy of gastric bypass. Instead, mounting evidence shows that altered neuroendocrine signaling is responsible for the weight reducing effects of RYGB. The exact mechanism of this surgical response is still a mystery. Here, we propose that RYGB leads to weight loss primarily by inducing a functional shift in the gut microbiome, manifested by a relative expansion of aerobic bacteria numbers in the colon. We point to compelling evidence that gastric bypass changes the function of the microbiome by disrupting intestinal gas homeostasis, causing excessive transit of swallowed air (oxygen) into the colon.
journal_name
Med Hypothesesjournal_title
Medical hypothesesauthors
Celiker Hdoi
10.1016/j.mehy.2017.08.012subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-09-01 00:00:00pages
81-89eissn
0306-9877issn
1532-2777pii
S0306-9877(17)30538-8journal_volume
107pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Rushton bodies (RBs) are one of the characteristic features seen in the epithelial lining of odontogenic cysts mainly radicular, dentigerous and odontogenic keratocyst. It has two different histo-morphological appearances; granular and homogeneous. Although widely investigated, the exact pathogenesis and histogenesis ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2016.06.007
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The paper discusses certain dynamic processes leading to meiotic (haploid) partition of chromatids via the chiasmatic mode in mammalian spermatic cells. The achiasmatic case is also reviewed briefly and only in the context of homologs with centromeric braids arrayed in the Para configuration. ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(94)90013-2
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) is associated with insulin resistance, non-insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) and cardiovascular diseases in adulthood. Postnatal tissues contain stem cells that though quiescent, retain their capacity to self-renew and regenerate tissues to fulfil organ demands. I propo...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(03)00182-8
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is estimated that about 1 million patients are hospitalized for acute coronary events each years in the United States. An acceptable theory is that the acute coronary syndrome is caused by rupture of the atherosclerotic plaque with superimposed thrombus, which is a complex process and involving a number of differen...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2004.06.018
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been shown previously that the precipitator hypothesis of causation is able to account for certain key features of the epidemiological evidence that conflict with initiator and promoter hypotheses. The precipitator hypothesis states that the carcinogenic risk depends linearly in the average rate of smoking at a...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(81)90145-6
更新日期：1981-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:On March 11, 2020, the World Health Organization declared the coronavirus outbreak a pandemic. Since December 2019, the world has experienced an outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Epidemiology, risk factors, and clinical characteristics of patients with COVID-19 have been reported but the factors affecti...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109762
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Optic neuropathy is an invaliding pathology with diverse clinical manifestation and varying causes. Current understanding of etiopathological aspects of optical neuropathy does not provide an effective treatment protocol. In this article we discuss existing treatment methods, and their effectiveness, evaluated dependi...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110104
更新日期：2020-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hepatitis B infection leads to various profound pathological processes in liver metabolism. Some biochemical alterations detectable by blood analysis are currently used for a preliminary evaluation of the infection. Based on existing data we present here evidence that non-protein amino acid L-homoserine is a patho...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.2001.1527
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Micelle is a stable, passively targetable and solubilizing minute particle, and plays a key role to anticancer drug delivery for chemotherapy. With an increasing number of novel polymeric micelles synthesized, many anticancer drugs have been core-encapsulated in the micelles. However, only single drug was studied as t...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2008.05.002
更新日期：2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Analysis of the age distribution of cancers of the uterus reveals three clearly distinctive types: early- and late-onset cancers of the cervix and one form of cancer of the corpus. England and Wales mortality data are available for the three types combined from 1911; cancers of the cervix and corpus have been listed s...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(86)90086-1
更新日期：1986-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Traumatic iris sphincter tear has been thought to occur secondary to anteroposterior compression of the globe with defined forces lead to equatorial expansion and active pull along the corneoscleral junction and sphincter tear. However, here in this report, we elaborate the additional forces involved in the traumatic ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.11.013
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A new hypothesis concerning the association of low levels of steroid hormones and hypercholesterolemia is proposed. This study presents data that concurrent restoration to youthful levels of multiple normally found steroid hormones is able to normalize or improve serum total cholesterol (TC). We evaluated 20 patients ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(02)00324-9
更新日期：2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:About 19-26% of patients with chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) have intractable disease resistant to chemotherapy, have a relatively short median survival time and are responsive to splenectomy. Lymphocytes from patients with intractable CLL are resistant in vitro to X-irradiation and to colchicine. Responsive CLL i...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(90)90001-u
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are differences in male and female height throughout the growth period. Utilising reference standard height charts we calculated the difference in male and female height as a function of age. A triphasic relationship was observed with statistically significant peaks (males greater than females) at 8 months and 1...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0306-9877(87)90122-8
更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Recent studies using a combination of isotope and balance techniques have shown that, in the postabsorptive state, the human kidney contributes substantially to overall glucose production and consumption. The kidney may contribute as much as the liver to gluconeogenesis and play an important role in the counterregulat...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.1997.0655
更新日期：1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Numerous studies have shown that opioids and cannabinoids share some pharmacological properties. Accordingly, similarly to opioids, tolerance and dependence develops after chronic use of cannabinoids. Nitric oxide (NO) has been shown to play important roles both in opioid- and cannabinoid-induced tolerance and depende...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2009.02.013
更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hyperuricemia has been labeled both a risk factor and marker for cardiovascular pathology in addition to being associated with gout and kidney disease. Uric acid in vitro acts as a potent antioxidant capable of scavenging hydroxy radicals and peroxynitrite and reacting with nitric oxide. Some clinical studies have pro...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1054/mehy.2000.1221
更新日期：2001-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proteins are assumed to contain all the information necessary for unambiguous folding and specific interaction with each other. However, ab initio structure prediction is often not successful because the amino acid sequence itself is simply not sufficient to guide between endless folding possibilities. It seems to be ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2005.07.014
更新日期：2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Infantile neuroaxonal dystrophy (INAD) and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) are two deadly neuromuscular degenerative diseases of childhood. Knowledge on their pathophysiological mechanisms may direct us towards treatment or a cure. Although these diseases are caused by two totally different gene-mutations and cause ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.109589
更新日期：2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most cancer cells would not result in devastating tumours if it were not for their ability to metastasize. The process of cancer metastasis involves significant cell shape, motility, and adhesive changes of pre-cancerous cells, and the remodelling of the extracellular matrix, as well as cognate properties of neighbour...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2007.04.042
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic Interstitial Nephritis in Agricultural Communities (CINAC) continues to attract controversy in the scientific community. It was previously known as Chronic Kidney Disease of Unknown Etiology (CKDu) and is not associated with the common aetiological factors such as diabetes. There is general acceptance that it ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110414
更新日期：2021-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Multiple sclerosis remains a rare neurological disease of unknown aetiology, with a unique distribution, both geographically and historically. Rare in equatorial regions, it becomes increasingly common in higher latitudes; historically, it was first clinically recognized in the early nineteenth century. A hypothesis, ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0306-9877(97)90065-7
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Boron is increasingly added to food supplements due to multiple effects that have been reported in mammals after boric acid administration. Among these effects are inflammatory process control, bone and muscle strength enhancement, protein expression regulation, and a decreased risk of developing some pathologies in w...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.06.024
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Obstructive sleep apnea is characterized by episodes of intermittent hypoxia that occur while the afflicted person sleeps, and is believed to affect and have a negative impact on many people worldwide. Both observational evidence in obstructive sleep apnea patients and direct studies in mice mimicking the disease stro...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2008.02.021
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The S-oxidation of S-carboxymethyl-l-cysteine has been reported previously to be a biomarker of disease susceptibility in Parkinson's disease and Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. In this investigation, the original observations have been confirmed with the incidence of the poor metaboliser phenotype (no urinary recovery...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2018.06.018
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It has been hypothesised that antiallergic medications (AAMs) like montelukast and levocetirizine both the two bitter chloro compounds could be repurposed either alone or combinedly as an antiviral against SARS-CoV-2, like chloroquine/hydroxychloroquine (CQ/HCQ), another two bitter chloro compounds. Both AAMs and CQ/H...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2020.110046
更新日期：2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of atopic diseases (atopic dermatitis, bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis) has considerably increased for the last 40 years. This tendency has coincided with the beginning of the epoch of the use of the topical corticosteroids, which have a potent immunomodulation action. This fact itself as well as a ...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2003.12.059
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common cardiac arrhythmia. Many studies have investigated the cause for the development of AF, however, the question remains unanswered. METHODS:A comparison of hydrodynamics between AF and sinus rhythm was performed. RESULTS:I proposed the hypothesis that atrial fibril...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2015.11.028
更新日期：2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The precise role of erythrophagocytosis in sickle cell disease is not known. Using hematological data from three studies and 791 subjects comprising of eight epidemiological groups, we found a strong statistical support for the hypothesis that erythrophagocytosis is increased in sickle cell trait, that neutrophils and...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2006.09.044
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The high prevalence of deleterious polygenic type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a paradox requiring explanation beyond food excess, inactivity and the obesity resulting from positive energy balance. Historically, hunting-foraging and later agrarian communities often manifested a converse negative energy balance due to nutrition...
journal_title：Medical hypotheses
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.mehy.2019.04.014
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
