Abstract：
:Nociception is the ability to encode and perceive harmful stimuli and allows for a rapid reflexive withdrawal. In some species, nociception might be accompanied by a pain experience, which is a negative feeling that allows for longer-term changes in behaviour. Different types of stimuli may affect nociceptors, but in crustaceans there is conflicting evidence about the ability to respond to chemical stimuli. This study attempts to resolve this situation by testing behavioural responses of the common shore crab, Carcinus maenas, to two chemical irritants frequently used in vertebrate pain studies (acetic acid and capsaicin). In our first experiment acetic acid, water, capsaicin or mineral oil were applied by brush to the mouth, and in a second experiment treatments were applied to the eyes. Application of acetic acid had a marked effect on behaviour that included vigorous movement of mouth parts, scratching at the mouth with the claws and attempts to escape from the enclosure. Acetic acid also caused holding down of the acid-treated eye in the socket. By contrast, capsaicin had no effect and was no different to the control treatment of mineral oil and water. These results demonstrate responsiveness to acetic acid and thus nociceptive capacity for at least some chemicals. Further, the responses that persist after application were consistent with the idea of pain, however, proof of pain is not possible in any animal.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Elwood RW,Dalton N,Riddell Gdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2017.03.022subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2017-07-01 00:00:00pages
1-5eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(16)30397-7journal_volume
140pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Context renewal is the relapse of an extinguished response due to changing the stimulus context following extinction. Reinforcing operant responding in Context A and extinguishing in Context B results in relapse when either returning to Context A (ABA renewal) or introducing a novel Context C (ABC renewal). ABA renewa...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
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journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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