Abstract：
:Four pigeons responded under a progressive-delay procedure. In a signaled-delay condition, a chained variable interval (VI) 30-s progressive time (PT) 4-s schedule was arranged; in an unsignaled-delay condition, a tandem VI 30-s PT 4-s schedule was arranged. Two pigeons experienced a signaled-unsignaled-signaled sequence; whereas, two pigeons experienced an unsignaled-signaled-unsignaled sequence. Effects of saline and d-amphetamine were determined under each condition. At intermediate doses (1.0 and 1.78m/kg) delay functions were shallower, area under the curve was increased, and, when possible, break points were increased compared to saline; these effects were not systematically related to signaling conditions. These effects on control by delay often were accompanied by decreased response rates at 0s. These results suggest that stimulus conditions associated with the delay may not play a crucial role in effects of d-amphetamine and other stimulants on behavior controlled by reinforcement delay.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Thomas LD,Hughes CE,Pitts RCdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2009.01.003subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2009-06-01 00:00:00pages
264-9issue
2eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(09)00022-9journal_volume
81pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Ectotherms have been shown being lateralized as well as mammals and birds. This is particularly evident in visual lateralization, i.e. the different use of the eyes, leading to use a specific eye to observe specific kind of stimuli and to process them with the correspondent contralateral hemisphere. Several lower vert...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2008.07.007
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of experiments investigated the role of familiarity in the development of individual recognition and social preferences in spiny mice. Pups who suckled from the same mother were able to recognize one another by common maternal labels even though these same pups were also differentially labeled by additional f...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(84)90044-5
更新日期：1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individualistic voices are important for establishing personalized relationships among individuals. In young animals, individual vocal identity is affected by permanent changes of the acoustics due to the growth of their vocal apparatus. Different acoustic variables change uncoordinatedly, so vocal individuality shoul...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.03.011
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The use of trail communication by red wood-ants, Formica aquilonia Yarrow, foraging to sugar baits, was investigated by providing a laboratory colony with aqueous sucrose at two novel feeding sites, with a third site, providing no food, as a control. During trials, the sites were connected to the nest by paper bridges...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(94)90040-X
更新日期：1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiment I used non-naive pigeons having previously performed on both keypecking and treadlepressing Fixed Interval schedules. In condition IT, treadlepressing was reinforced on successive Fixed Interval 60 seconds, Fixed Time 60 seconds and Fixed Interval 60 seconds schedules. Subsequently (condition IK), the same ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(85)90055-5
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This paper investigates the possible role of neuroanatomical features in Pavlovian conditioning, via computer simulations with layered, feedforward artificial neural networks. The networks' structure and functioning are described by a strongly bottom-up model that takes into account the roles of hippocampal and dopami...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.01.018
更新日期：2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sometimes the nests of the paper wasp Polistes dominulus are parasitized by the obligate social parasite Polistes sulcifer. It is not known how, in the spring, this parasite searches for established nests of its host species. This study investigates the capacity to detect the host nest by olfactory cues alone. In labo...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(95)00030-5
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pausing within multiple fixed-ratio schedules differing in reinforcer magnitude is jointly controlled by both past and upcoming conditions of reinforcement. Abrupt shifts from a just-received large reinforcer to a signaled upcoming small reinforcer (i.e., a negative incentive shift) produce marked disruptions in respo...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.08.007
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Despite the abundant empirical evidence on lateralized social behaviours, a clear understanding of the relative roles of two brain hemispheres in social processing is still lacking. This study investigated visual lateralization in social interactions of free-ranging European bison (Bison bonasus). The bison were more ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.103959
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe a technique based on automatic photography as an alternative to the visual scanning method for behavioural investigations of insect societies. This technique opens up the possibilities for studying poorly-populated colonies over prolonged periods. The reliability of this technique as compared to the direct...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(86)90087-2
更新日期：1986-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Do young children understand the numerical value of empty sets prior to developing a concept of symbolic zero? Are empty sets represented as mental magnitudes? In order to investigate these questions, we tested 4-year old children and adults with a numerical ordering task in which the goal was to select two stimuli in...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.11.001
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the first experiment, approach/avoidance behavior of mice to a restrained cage mate was examined. The mice explored the restrained mates but they did not stay longer at the restrained mates in comparison to free moving mates. Conditioned Place Preference (CPP) training in the presence of a restrained mate did not r...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.01.001
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ability of day-old chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) to discriminate between the shape and size of beads was investigated in two one-trial tasks, taste avoidance and sickness-conditioned learning. Previous studies determined that color is a critical classification cue for conditioned stimuli in these tasks. In tas...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.11.019
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laboratory studies of scatter hoarding birds have become a model system for spatial memory studies. Considering that such birds are known to have a good spatial memory, recovery success in lab studies seems low. In parids (titmice and chickadees) typically ranging between 25 and 60% if five seeds are cached in 50-128 ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.03.009
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A number of criteria have been suggested for testing if pain occurs in animals, and these include an analgesic effect of opiates (Bateson, 1991). Morphine reduces responses to noxious stimuli in crustaceans but also reduces responsiveness in a non-pain context. Here we use a paradigm in which shore crabs receive a sho...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.02.002
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interruptions and unfamiliar events (distracters) during a timed signal disrupt (delay) timing in humans and other animals. We hypothesized that repeated exposure to a stimulus may reduce its subsequent time-disrupting properties. To test this hypothesis rats were trained in a reversed peak-interval (RPI) procedure, i...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.09.003
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In time-place learning (TPL) paradigms animals are thought to form tripartite memory codes consisting of the spatiotemporal characteristics of biologically significant events. In Phase I, rats were trained on a modified TPL task in which either the spatial or temporal component was constant, while the other component ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2007.01.002
更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:"Behavior which is effective only through the mediation of other persons has so many distinguishing dynamic and topographical properties that a special treatment is justified and indeed demanded" (Skinner, 1957, p. 2). Skinner's demand for a special treatment of verbal behavior can be extended within that field to dom...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.03.008
更新日期：2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Greater rates of intermittent reinforcement in the presence of discriminative stimuli generally produce greater resistance to extinction, consistent with predictions of behavioral momentum theory. Other studies reveal more rapid extinction with higher rates of reinforcers - the partial reinforcement extinction effect....
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.011
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The zebrafish (Danio rerio) has emerged as a promising model organism for affective or cognitive neuroscience research, and may be useful to study the interplay between memory and anxiety-related states. To assess the effects of acute psychological stress on spatial and cued memory, adult zebrafish were trained in an ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.04.004
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neonatal parental care plays an important role in the development of offspring behavior, but little is known about the effect of post-weaning contact between offspring and parents on locomotory, social and parental behavior. Here, we explore this concept using socially monogamous mandarin voles (Microtus mandarinus). ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.05.008
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In serial feature-negative (SFN) training to a target unconditioned stimulus (US), eight rats received two types of intermingled trials: (1) trials in which a tone was followed by the delivery of a single food pellet US, and (2) trials in which the delivery of a single food pellet US was followed by three additional f...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00063-7
更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In delay discounting, choice is between two reinforcers that differ in amount and delay, and the subjective value of either reinforcer decreases as a function of delay to its receipt. The steepness of the discounting function is thought to reflect the degree of impulsive choice. Many factors can influence impulsive ch...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.07.013
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Extinction of learning is a common, yet under-reported limitation of judgment bias testing methods Repeated exposure to the ambiguous probe of a judgment bias paradigm encourages the animal to cease display of the required behaviours. However, there remains a need to repeatedly test animals to achieve statistical powe...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.11.016
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four pigeons and eight chickens received autoshaping training where a keylight (conditioned stimulus) signaled response-independent deliveries of water (unconditioned stimulus). Pigeons drink while keeping their beaks submerged in water and moving their beaks to create suction ("mumbling"), whereas chickens drink by t...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.03.007
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Testosterone and cortisol are hormones expected to play a major role in competitive behaviours (i.e. aggression), and are related to rank and hierarchical stability. Through a non-invasive technique, we analyzed faecal testosterone (FTM(1)) and cortisol (FCM(2)) metabolites of dominant and subordinate males from two w...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.09.010
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study aimed to develop and characterize a novel (standard) open field test adapted for larval zebrafish. We also developed and characterized a variant of the same assay consisting of a colour-enriched open field; this was used to assess the impact of environmental complexity on patterns of exploratory behaviours ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.10.014
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Forced Swimming Test (FST) models behavioural despair in animals by loss of motivation to respond or the refusal to escape. The present study was aimed at characterizing genetic (genotype and gender) and environmental factors (age/stage of disease and rearing conditions: C, standard; H, early postnatal handling; EE, e...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.09.011
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although animals typically prefer to exert less effort rather than more effort to obtain food, the present research shows that requiring greater effort to obtain food at a particular location appears to increase the value of that location. In Experiment 1, pigeons' initial preference for one feeder was significantly r...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.07.001
更新日期：2004-11-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Rodent urine provides animals with a large amount of information, from the identity of the animal through its physical condition to social status. Many studies therefore focus on rodent urine-marking behaviour and use marking frequency as an indicator of social status or competitive ability. However, marking, like man...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2012.01.004
更新日期：2012-06-01 00:00:00
