Abstract:
:We studied seasonal habitat use of female, mixed-sex and male groups in a free-ranging mouflon (Ovis gmelini) population. The three group types differed in the use of the five different habitats (forests, broom moorlands, heather moorlands, meadows and rocky areas) only in spring (lambing period) and in autumn (rutting period). To study habitat selection, we compared the proportion of groups observed in each habitat type with the proportion of each of these habitat types sampled. This revealed that, for the four seasons, all three group types selected certain habitats. Overall, mouflon selected meadows and/or broom moorlands, but male groups switched to forests in spring and autumn. We examined this pattern of habitat selection in relation to shelter value and feeding activity for the three group types. Wind strength played a role in determining patterns of habitat use during the climatic extremes of winter and summer. Male and female groups consistently fed in the same habitat types, even though they did not select the same habitats in spring and autumn and despite a marked segregation between the sexes in this population. Two commonly cited hypothesis for explaining sexual segregation based on sexual size dimorphism and on alternative reproductive strategies of males and females were not supported by our results. We suggest that simple behavioural mechanisms may suffice to explain sexual segregation in this population.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Cransac N,Hewison AJdoi
10.1016/s0376-6357(97)00033-8subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1997-10-01 00:00:00pages
57-67issue
1eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(97)00033-8journal_volume
41pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Adult male Wistar rats were trained to find an escape box in the Barnes maze in order to characterize the extinction process of a learned spatial preference. To do so, once they had fully acquired the spatial task, they were repeatedly exposed to the maze without the escape box. Multiple behavioral measurements (group...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2010.08.002
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability of day-old chicks (Gallus gallus domesticus) to discriminate between the shape and size of beads was investigated in two one-trial tasks, taste avoidance and sickness-conditioned learning. Previous studies determined that color is a critical classification cue for conditioned stimuli in these tasks. In tas...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.11.019
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There is a vast literature on the behavioural effects of partial reinforcement in Pavlovian conditioning. Compared with animals receiving continuous reinforcement, partially rewarded animals typically show (a) a slower development of the conditioned response (CR) early in training and (b) a higher asymptotic level of ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.10.016
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::"Behavior which is effective only through the mediation of other persons has so many distinguishing dynamic and topographical properties that a special treatment is justified and indeed demanded" (Skinner, 1957, p. 2). Skinner's demand for a special treatment of verbal behavior can be extended within that field to dom...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.03.008
更新日期:2015-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study tested the use of ventilatory frequency (VF) as an indicator of stress in the Nile tilapia, Oreochromis niloticus (L.). Firstly, we tested the relationship between VF and plasma cortisol after confinement. Confined fish showed higher VF and plasma cortisol levels, but the latter continued to increase signif...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2004.01.001
更新日期:2004-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Ground squirrels emit species-specific alarm calls that, among other characteristics, differ by the number of elements. Unlike some species that produce single-element calls, e.g., the Speckled ground squirrel (Spermophilus suslicus), individual European ground squirrels (S. citellus) frequently emit binary-element ca...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.014
更新日期:2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Previous research in our laboratory has demonstrated that chimpanzees can delay gratification by inhibiting consumption of available food items for as long as 3 min as an experimenter transfers additional food items from a transparent container to a bowl placed in front of the subject. In this study, we examined the i...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2006.07.005
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Mathematical principles of reinforcement (MPR) attempts to integrate the empirical laws of reinforcement schedules that have accumulated over the decades. MPR is based on three principles: incentives excite behavior; there are temporal constraints on responding; and coupling of responses to reinforcers strengthens beh...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(03)00027-5
更新日期:2003-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Given that many behavior patterns cluster together in sequences that are organized to solve specific problems (e.g., foraging), a fruitful perspective within which to study behaviors is as distinct 'behavior systems'. Unlike many behavior systems that are widespread (e.g., anti-predator behavior, foraging, reproductio...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2018.12.011
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::For drug-dependent individuals, drugs of abuse that are delayed in time are discounted more steeply than money delayed in time in a hypothetical choice task. The reasons for this finding are not clear. This study examined whether steep discounting of drugs relative to money might be related to the function of drugs as...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(03)00145-1
更新日期:2003-10-31 00:00:00
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journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.09.026
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chicks were trained to peck on a small coloured (red or green) box for food reinforcement. They were then presented with one box identical to that used during training (familiar) and one of a different colour (unfamiliar). Food reinforcement was delivered for pecking either box, and the right-left position of the two ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(95)00076-3
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The role of schedules of reinforcement on the development of superstitious conditioning was investigated in a college age population. Participants were randomly assigned to one of eight operant schedules and instructed to remove (escape), prevent and/or remove (avoidance and escape) or produce (positive) the appearanc...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2007.02.010
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sensitivity to time was investigated to test the linear-timing hypothesis. A long duration was adjusted until accuracy was 75% correct for a short duration in a two-choice procedure. Short durations (2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16 and 18 s) were selected from previous research that suggests that sensitivity to time is non...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(01)00167-x
更新日期:2001-06-13 00:00:00
abstract::Understanding individual behavioral differences in domestic cats could lead to improved selection when potential cat owners choose a pet with whom to share their lives, along with consequent improvements in cat welfare. Yet very few attempts have been made to elicit cat personality dimensions using the trait-based exp...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.020
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have suggested that non-human primates have good individual recognition abilities, that social stimuli can serve as discriminative stimuli in learning tests and that visual access to social objects or events can be a reinforcer for operant behaviour. Intensified research efforts comparing the effectivenes...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(97)00074-0
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Animals show various forms of behavioral thermoregulation to minimize cold stress. Given that higher dominance rank is often associated with increased fitness in group-living animals, higher-ranking individuals may also benefit from better access to thermally optimal spatial positions within huddles. This study examin...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2021.104317
更新日期:2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract::As reinforcers are delivered for a particular response, that response increases. Other similar responses also increase, with the extent to which this increase is seen being positively related to the similarity between the responses. This process, called induction, is pronounced during initial response acquisition, and...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.08.010
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of tool or tool-like food processing behaviours can render animals vulnerable to theft (kleptoparasitism) because (1) large, nutritious items are usually involved, (2) value is added to the food due to long and/or complex handling, and (3) physical control of items is often temporarily lost during handling. In...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2006.08.006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of anesthesia (Ketaset-Rompun) interpolated between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) during long-trace taste-aversion conditioning in rats was examined in three experiments. In Experiment 1, rats that were anesthetized immediately after experiencing a saccharin solution formed a...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2003.09.001
更新日期:2004-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::Monte Carlo simulations were performed to analyze the degree to which two-, three- and four-step learning histories of losses and gains correlated with escalation and persistence in extended extinction (continuous loss) conditions. Simulated learning histories were randomly generated at varying lengths and composition...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.017
更新日期:2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stress has been shown to negatively affect the immune system, alter the body's metabolism, and play a strong role in the development of mood disorders. These effects are mainly driven through the release of hormones from the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis (HPA). Additionally, women are more likely to be affected ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.01.022
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of d-amphetamine on pigeons' key-pecking under the peak interval (PI) procedure were investigated in two experiments. In experiment I the effects of doses of d-amphetamine from 0.75 to 3.0 mg/kg on responding under PI 30 and 45 s were studied for 10 successive days. Reductions in peak time and wait time we...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2005.12.005
更新日期:2006-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::The use of animal-like autonomous robots might offer new possibilities in the study of animal interactions, if the subject recognises it as a social partner. In this paper we investigate whether AIBO, a dog-like robot of the Sony Corp. can be used for this purpose. Twenty-four adult and sixteen 4-5 months old pet dogs...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2003.10.003
更新日期:2004-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::In dyads of adult male Gryllus bimaculatus, a dominance relationship is established at the first agonistic interaction between the two insects. The comparison of the aggressive behaviour displayed by adult males shows that field crickets act in an identical manner when confronted with an unfamiliar opponent or with on...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(96)00765-6
更新日期:1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stereotypies often develop in environments that independent evidence shows cause poor welfare. Thus the development od stereotypies indicates that well-being has probably been poor, with the animal motivated to show a behaviour pattern that it could not perform normally or to completion. The continued performance of s...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(91)90013-P
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last decades, traffic noise has become a new challenge for efficient animal communication and several studies suggest that it is involved in population declines. Although poorly investigated in a traffic noise context, communication is generally multimodal, which can be viewed as a way to improve communication ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.08.007
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aggression is an extremely complex behaviour and female aggression is understudied when compared to males. Despite the fact that it has been suggested that conflict among females may be more frequently resolved peacefully, in many species females show high levels of aggression. We used Cichlasoma dimerus to describe d...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2017.12.015
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Psychosocial stress can cause mental conditions such as depression in humans. To develop drug therapies for the treatment of depression, it is necessary to use animal models of depression to screen drug candidates that exhibit anti-depressive effects. Unfortunately, the present methods of drug screening for antidepres...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2016.12.003
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Some models of performance assume that behavior depends on environmental quantities (for example, rates of reinforcement) that are defined over intervals of fixed duration. Although such window models may serve as useful approximations, they are incompatible with well-known properties of behavior (for instance, sensit...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2005.02.007
更新日期:2005-05-31 00:00:00