Abstract：
:There is growing evidence that a change in reward magnitude or value alters interval timing, indicating that motivation and timing are not independent processes as was previously believed. The present paper reviews several recent studies, as well as presenting some new evidence with further manipulations of reward value during training vs. testing on a peak procedure. The combined results cannot be accounted for by any of the current psychological timing theories. However, in examining the neural circuitry of the reward system, it is not surprising that motivation has an impact on timing because the motivation/valuation system directly interfaces with the timing system. A new approach is proposed for the development of the next generation of timing models, which utilizes knowledge of the neuroanatomy and neurophysiology of the reward system to guide the development of a neurocomputational model of the reward system. The initial foundation along with heuristics for proceeding with developing such a model is unveiled in an attempt to stimulate new theoretical approaches in the field.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Galtress T,Marshall AT,Kirkpatrick Kdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2012.02.014subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-05-01 00:00:00pages
142-53issue
1eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(12)00050-2journal_volume
90pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Recently, Hursh and Silberberg (2008) have advanced a behavior-economic approach to measure the value of reinforcers, in which demand elasticity is measured relative to the point at which price is zero, a technique that allows for comparisons across reinforcers that show different consumption patterns or across differ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.01.007
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD), a contestant makes a guess as to which door conceals a prize. The host then reveals the contents of an unchosen, incorrect door, and then gives the contestant a choice of sticking with the initial guess or switching to the remaining door. Given certain crucial assumptions, the rational...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(99)00066-2
更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Adult participants played computerised games of "Paper Scissors Rock". Participants in one group were told that they were playing against the computer, and those in the other group were told that they were playing against another participant in the adjacent room. The participant who won the most games would receive a ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.07.005
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Experiment I used non-naive pigeons having previously performed on both keypecking and treadlepressing Fixed Interval schedules. In condition IT, treadlepressing was reinforced on successive Fixed Interval 60 seconds, Fixed Time 60 seconds and Fixed Interval 60 seconds schedules. Subsequently (condition IK), the same ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(85)90055-5
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Studies of cognitive ability in farm animals are valuable, not only because they provide indicators of the commonality of comparative influence, but understanding farm animal cognition may also aid in management and treatment procedures. Here, eight dwarf goats (Capra hircus) learned a series of 10 visual four-choice ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2008.07.004
更新日期：2008-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Characteristics of the human-animal bond can be influenced by both owner-related and pet-related factors, which likely differ between species. Three studies adapted the Monash Dog-Owner Relationship Scale (MDORS) to permit assessment of human-cat interactions as perceived by the cat's owner. In Study 1293 female cat o...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.024
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Feeding experiences with low-quality foods can be improved when these foods are ingested in close temporal association with foods of higher nutritional quality. However, preference for low-quality foods in nature seems to be rather insensitive to past positive experiences and more related to their intrinsic nutritiona...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.015
更新日期：2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Hypothalamic levels of TRH were contrasted in identified dominant and submissive (housed together for 4 days) Swiss male mice and undisturbed 'isolated' counterparts. Both dominants and submissives had significantly higher titres of this hormone than the 'isolates', suggesting that the experience of fighting relativel...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 信件
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(84)90009-3
更新日期：1984-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In experiments, there are usually two general ways of obtaining dominants and subordinates to test for the effect of recent experience upon ulterior behavior and dominance. One is to 'impose' such an experience on the contestants by a priori deciding which individual of the pair will become the dominant and which will...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(00)00096-6
更新日期：2000-08-17 00:00:00
abstract：:Greater rates of intermittent reinforcement in the presence of discriminative stimuli generally produce greater resistance to extinction, consistent with predictions of behavioral momentum theory. Other studies reveal more rapid extinction with higher rates of reinforcers - the partial reinforcement extinction effect....
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2017.02.011
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Three mentally retarded humans first acquired a simple discrimination: Simultaneously displayed visual stimuli A1 and A2 functioned as S+ and S-, respectively. The subjects also acquired a conditional discrimination, learning to select visual stimuli B1 and B2 conditionally upon A1 and A2, respectively. Then, B1 and B...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(88)90033-2
更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Proceptive and receptive aspects of behaviour were studied during the oestrus cycle of the female pig. These aspects were studied in a T-maze with one or two stimulus compartments that did or did not contain a teaser boar. Receptive behaviour was observed during several consecutive days and was quantified in front of ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(94)90003-5
更新日期：1994-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We investigate models for animal feeding behaviour, with the aim of improving understanding of how animals organise their behaviour in the short term. We consider three classes of model: hidden Markov, latent Gaussian and semi-Markov. Each can predict the typical 'clustered' feeding behaviour that is generally observe...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2004.03.014
更新日期：2004-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:In temperate songbirds, song has traditionally been considered a vocalization mainly produced by males. However, in many temperate species, it is now recognized that both males and females produce song. The function and structure of male black-capped chickadee (Poecile atricapillus) fee-bee song have been well-studied...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2013.05.006
更新日期：2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The ultrasonic calls produced by three day old mice when separated from the nest mother and siblings increase in number when naloxone is injected. ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(85)90020-8
更新日期：1985-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is unclear whom animals select to huddle with for thermoregulation. In this study, we investigated whom Japanese macaque (Macaca fuscata) mothers huddled with-their young offspring or other adult group members-when there is need for thermoregulation. We used a focal-animal sampling method, targeting 17 females at K...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.05.008
更新日期：2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Building on the work of Ralph Miller and coworkers (Miller and Matzel, 1988; Denniston et al., 2001; Stout and Miller, 2007), I propose a new formalization of the comparator hypothesis that seeks to overcome some shortcomings of existing formalizations. The new model, dubbed ecco for "Error-Correcting COmparisons," re...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2018.03.009
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four rats obtained food on fixed-time (FT) 1-, 4-, and 16-min schedules. During FT schedules, a lever press produced a timeout period during which food could not be delivered. When timeout was in effect, a lever press ended the timeout period and reinstated the FT schedule. In different conditions, the timing of the F...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0376-6357(96)00770-x
更新日期：1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the current study we assessed the possibility of developing intraexperimentally behavioral priming and Event Related Potentials (ERP) effects that are often studied with stimuli to which participants typically have a very extensive pre-experimental history, like words. To do so we used abstract geometrical figures ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104023
更新日期：2020-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In an elevated maze consisting of three reconvergent radial arms, golden hamsters were tested with the same experimental rule: to choose each path without repeating any choice. However, variations of procedure concerning (a) the location of the reward in the maze, and (b) reinforcement contingencies, were introduced i...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(82)90007-9
更新日期：1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Two groups of pigeons learned a two key conditional discrimination. Color was the conditional stimulus and form the choice stimulus for subjects in one group. Form was the conditional stimulus and color the choice stimulus in the other group. Half the subjects in each group then underwent an intradimensional shift: Th...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0376-6357(89)90011-9
更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is widely accepted that stationary prey are able to carefully assess the risk levels associated with an approaching predator to make informative decisions on when to escape. However, little is known about subsequent decision-making process. We set out to compare whether escape durations of three species of corvids ...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104017
更新日期：2020-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Research has begun to examine how individuals discount delayed sex. However, these tasks have not evaluated the dimension of sexual behavior associated with promiscuity (i.e., choices between partners). The current study assessed choices between hypothetical sexual partners within a delay discounting paradigm. Partici...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.03.005
更新日期：2015-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether dogs that exhibit stereotypy also show higher behavioral persistence in an extinction-learning task. Thirteen pet dogs with stereotypy and 13 breed-matched control dogs were assessed on a resistance to extinction test. Each dog was trained for 40 trials using a food...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2014.04.009
更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some models of performance assume that behavior depends on environmental quantities (for example, rates of reinforcement) that are defined over intervals of fixed duration. Although such window models may serve as useful approximations, they are incompatible with well-known properties of behavior (for instance, sensit...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2005.02.007
更新日期：2005-05-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Here we describe the modification and use of a new tool type in the woodpecker finch (Cactospiza pallida). This species is known to habitually use twigs or cactus spines to extract arthropods out of tree holes. We observed an adult and a juvenile bird using several barbed twigs from introduced blackberry bushes (Rubus...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2011.10.016
更新日期：2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Facial expressions have been extensively used to assess emotions in humans and thus could be extended to other species that also display facial movements. In mice both painful and fearful situations have been associated with particular shifts in facial expressions. Like other species, mice frequently show a great inte...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2015.08.002
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Performance in object search tasks is not only influenced by the subjects' object permanence ability. For example, ostensive cues of the human manipulating the target markedly affect dogs' choices. However, the interference between the target's location and the spatial cues of the human hiding the object is still unkn...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2016.02.005
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Some African grey parrots (Psittacus erithacus), the most famous being Pepperberg's parrot Alex, are able to imitate human speech and produce labels referentially. In this study, the aim was to teach ten African grey parrots from two laboratories to label items. Training three parrots from the first laboratory for sev...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2010.06.010
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In biparental species, each parent represents a semi-independent source of variable caregiving. The nature of care may differ between parents, and the type of care offspring seek is likely to change across development. We asked if caregiving differed between prairie vole (Microtus ochrogaster) mothers and fathers, and...
journal_title：Behavioural processes
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.beproc.2019.104022
更新日期：2020-02-01 00:00:00
