Correlates between ear postures and emotional reactivity in a wild type mouse species.

abstract：:Learning in conditioning protocols has long been thought to depend on temporal contiguity between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. This conceptualization has led to a preponderance of associative models of conditioning. We suggest that trial-based associative models that posit contiguity as the...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Ward RD,Gallistel CR,Balsam PD

更新日期：2013-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Human recreation can negatively affect wildlife, particularly on weekends when human activity is highest (i.e., the weekend effect). Much of what we understand about the weekend effect is based on research conducted on diurnal species, which have greater temporal overlap with humans. Because nocturnal species generall...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Nix JH,Howell RG,Hall LK,McMillan BR

更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the study was to assess whether adult stallions differentiate their olfactory and marking behaviour towards the excreta of their potential male rivals and mares. Four Konik polski stallions were individually exposed simultaneously to their own and each others' faeces as well as faeces of mares in oestrus vs...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Jezierski T,Jaworski Z,Sobczyńska M,Ensminger J,Górecka-Bruzda A

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Short-term (within-session) and long-term (between-session) habituation of exploratory behavior was studied in rats, hamsters and gerbils. Subjects were observed in an open field containing four different objects during three 15-min sessions with an 8-14 h interval between each session. Their exploratory activity was ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Poucet B,Durup M,Thinus-Blanc C

更新日期：1988-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is an extensive literature suggesting that following sexual experience male mammals show chronic elevation of sexual behavior and growth of reproductive organs and glands. An hypothesis was examined in the present research that a similar pattern of changes would be revealed in females after sexual contact withou...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Taylor GT,Bardgett M,Griffin M,Weiss J

更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Aggression is an extremely complex behaviour and female aggression is understudied when compared to males. Despite the fact that it has been suggested that conflict among females may be more frequently resolved peacefully, in many species females show high levels of aggression. We used Cichlasoma dimerus to describe d...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Scaia MF,Morandini L,Noguera CA,Ramallo MR,Somoza GM,Pandolfi M

更新日期：2018-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Background matching is an important way to camouflage and is widespread among animals. In the field, however, few studies have addressed background matching, and there has been no reported camouflage efficiency in freshwater turtles. Background matching and camouflage efficiency of the four-eyed turtle, Sacalia quadri...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Xiao F,Yang C,Shi H,Wang J,Sun L,Lin L

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Three mentally retarded humans first acquired a simple discrimination: Simultaneously displayed visual stimuli A1 and A2 functioned as S+ and S-, respectively. The subjects also acquired a conditional discrimination, learning to select visual stimuli B1 and B2 conditionally upon A1 and A2, respectively. Then, B1 and B...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： de Rose JC,McIlvane WJ,Dube WV,Stoddard LT

更新日期：1988-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a simulated open-field situation we tried to obtain information about the ability of tomcats to distinguish between urine marks of differing ages. Reactions to these marks were sniffing, sniffing intensively and "Flehmen". The variables we chose to demonstrate a possible discriminatory ability between urine marks o...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： De Boer JN

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Contingency, and more particularly temporal contingency, has often figured in thinking about the nature of learning. However, it has never been formally defined in such a way as to make it a measure that can be applied to most animal learning protocols. We use elementary information theory to define contingency in suc...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Gallistel CR,Craig AR,Shahan TA

更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Twenty-six male rats, maintained on a 23-h food deprivation regime, were trained on a DRL learning schedule. During pretraining (CRF) rats were placed in two groups according to speed in obtaining the criterion (good and poor learners). The performance of good and poor learners, injected with lysine vasopressin (LVP) ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Alliot J,Alexinsky T

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Mathematical principles of reinforcement (MPR) attempts to integrate the empirical laws of reinforcement schedules that have accumulated over the decades. MPR is based on three principles: incentives excite behavior; there are temporal constraints on responding; and coupling of responses to reinforcers strengthens beh...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Reilly MP

更新日期：2003-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:What animals know about each other, and how they construct and use knowledge of their social world involves at least an ability to recognise different social categories. Although much evidence has accumulated that animals are able to identify and classify other individuals into different categories, few studies have d...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Gheusi G,Bluthé RM,Goodall G,Dantzer R

更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Unrestrained, naı̈ve cats (Felis silvestris catus) (n=48: 28 males and 20 females), living in a natural domestic environment, were studied for paw preferences using a food reaching test. A total of 46% were right-preferent, 44% were left-preferent and 10% were ambilateral. 60% of the cats in our sample used one paw 10...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Pike AV,Maitland DP

更新日期：1997-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The present study investigated whether rats' rates of licking or pressing a lever for 1% liquid sucrose delivered by a continuous reinforcement schedule would decrease (contrast) or increase (induction) when the upcoming period would allow access to 32% sucrose and whether such changes would be influenced by how long ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Weatherly JN,Nurnberger JT,Arthur EI,King BM

更新日期：2005-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The 'chick-a-dee' call, common to all members of the genus Poecile, is used by both sexes throughout the year to putatively co-ordinate flock movements and register alarm. In some regions, two or more chickadee species occupy overlapping territories, and therefore it is essential that these sympatric species learn to ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Bloomfield LL,Farrell TM,Sturdy CB

更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:An eight-rat eight-station operant conditioning arena was used to study the spatial structure and temporal stability of foraging dispersion patterns. Food was obtained by bar pressing as the population was exposed to an ascending series of the fixed and variable aspects of ratio and interval schedules of reinforcement...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Goldstein SR,Johnson P,Ward G

更新日期：1989-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In two experiments, human subjects were asked to estimate their present values of single delayed rewards and their present values of temporal sequences of three rewards. Present values were solicited by asking subjects to indicate an amount of money v for which they would be indifferent between receiving v at the end ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Kirby KN

更新日期：2006-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:There is a vast literature on the behavioural effects of partial reinforcement in Pavlovian conditioning. Compared with animals receiving continuous reinforcement, partially rewarded animals typically show (a) a slower development of the conditioned response (CR) early in training and (b) a higher asymptotic level of ...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Anselme P

更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Dog cognition research tends to rely on behavioural response, which can be confounded by obedience or motivation, as the primary means of indexing dog cognitive abilities. A physiological method of measuring dog cognitive processing would be instructive and could complement behavioural response. Electroencephalogram (...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Howell TJ,Conduit R,Toukhsati S,Bennett P

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ability to utilize numerical information can be adaptive in a number of ecological contexts including foraging, mating, parental care, and anti-predator strategies. Numerical abilities of mammals and birds have been studied both in natural conditions and in controlled laboratory conditions using a variety of appro...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Agrillo C,Miletto Petrazzini ME,Bisazza A

更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the Monty Hall Dilemma (MHD), a contestant makes a guess as to which door conceals a prize. The host then reveals the contents of an unchosen, incorrect door, and then gives the contestant a choice of sticking with the initial guess or switching to the remaining door. Given certain crucial assumptions, the rational...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Granberg D

更新日期：1999-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Hosts of interspecific brood parasites often evolve antiparasitic defences, like the recognition and rejection of parasite's eggs. Most hosts use differences in coloration and maculation to discriminate between their own and parasitic eggs, but there are a few cases of hosts using the size of eggs as a cue. To recogni...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Tosi-Germán RA,Tassino B,Reboreda JC

更新日期：2020-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the extensive lines of research on delay and/or probability discounting have greatly expanded our understanding of human decision-making processes, the relation between these two phenomena remains unclear. For example, some studies have reported robust associations between delay and probability discounting, w...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Jarmolowicz DP,Bickel WK,Carter AE,Franck CT,Mueller ET

更新日期：2012-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In serial feature-negative (SFN) training to a target unconditioned stimulus (US), eight rats received two types of intermingled trials: (1) trials in which a tone was followed by the delivery of a single food pellet US, and (2) trials in which the delivery of a single food pellet US was followed by three additional f...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Goddard MJ

更新日期：1999-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Both the shape of the electric pulses and their rhythm of emission serve in communication in weakly-electric mormyrid fish. Because the pulses emitted by a given individual show very little variability, whereas the rhythm of emission is highly variable, the mormyrids electric emission can be considered to be the repet...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Teyssedre C,Serrier J

更新日期：1986-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The ontogeny of the orientation of the wood-cricket, Nemobius sylvestris, was studied experimentally in a variety of biotopes. In each experimental situation, the straightness of the routes taken by crickets improves with age. These results demonstrate that, depending on the variety of the constraints within each livi...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Beugnon G,Mieulet F,Campan R

更新日期：1983-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We conducted an experiment on female Anolis carolinensis lizards to investigate whether social factors influenced their selection of an end-chamber in a test arena. We tested (1) whether characteristics of males previously seen in the end-chambers would influence female choice and (2) whether the presence of other fem...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Stellar JE,White DJ

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Specialization of the left and right hemispheres to control behavioural responses may represent one of the mechanisms underlying individual differences in personality structure, as well as the preferential use of one hand. The present study investigated the relationship between personality and hand preference in commo...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Tomassetti D,Caracciolo S,Manciocco A,Chiarotti F,Vitale A,De Filippis B

更新日期：2019-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In delay discounting, choice is between two reinforcers that differ in amount and delay, and the subjective value of either reinforcer decreases as a function of delay to its receipt. The steepness of the discounting function is thought to reflect the degree of impulsive choice. Many factors can influence impulsive ch...

journal_title：Behavioural processes

authors： Huskinson SL,Anderson KG

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00