Abstract:
:Despite some advances, it remains largely unknown how the millions of variations in the human genome influence athletic performance (especially in endurance events), and no single genetic test can really predict sports talent. However, there is experimental evidence from animal research that selecting for even a simple characteristic such as running ability can produce comparatively large and rapid changes in performance. That such selection has not been specifically documented in humans is more evidence of the limits of physiology-archeology than of the unlikelihood of selection for physical abilities. Here, the authors argue that top Olympians are likely genetically gifted individuals who in addition have numerous contributors to the "complex trait" of being an athletic champion that may not necessarily depend on defined genetic variations.
journal_name
Int J Sports Physiol Performauthors
Sanchis-Gomar F,Pareja-Galeano H,Rodriguez-Marroyo JA,de Koning JJ,Lucia A,Foster Cdoi
10.1123/ijspp.2016-0421subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-10-01 00:00:00pages
973-974issue
7eissn
1555-0265issn
1555-0273journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed to compare the effects of 5 different 18-week in-season strength training programs on strength gains and specific water polo performance. METHODS:A total of 56 young male water polo players were randomly assigned to the following 5 training groups: dry-land strength training, in-water-specific...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0046
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To observe voluntary fluid and carbohydrate intakes and thermoregulatory characteristics of road cyclists during 2 multiday, multiple-stage races in temperate conditions. METHODS:Ten internationally competitive male cyclists competed in 2 stage races (2009 Tour of Gippsland, T1, n = 5; 2010 Tour of Geelong, T2...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2012-0369
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to compare 2 different methodological assessments when analyzing the relationship between performance and heart-rate (HR) -derived indices (resting HR [RHR] and HR variability [HRV]) to evaluate positive adaptation to training. The relative change in estimated maximum aerobic speed (MAS) and ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.8.6.688
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Investigations into ventilatory, metabolic, and hematological changes with altitude training have been completed; however, there is a lack of research exploring potential gait-kinematic changes after altitude training, despite a common complaint of athletes being a lack of leg "turnover" on return from altitude traini...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0056
更新日期:2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue responses to consecutive tag football matches played on the same day and determine the relationship between fatigue and match running performance. METHODS:Neuromuscular and perceptual fatigue responses of 15 national tag football players were assessed before ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2014-0355
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To determine if the mathematical model used to derive critical power could be used to identify the critical resistance (CR) for the deadlift; compare predicted and actual repetitions to failure at 50%, 60%, 70%, and 80% 1-repetition maximum (1RM); and compare the CR with the estimated sustainable resistance for...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0981
更新日期:2019-10-10 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The authors investigated the association between risk of tendinopathies and genetic markers in professional team sports. METHODS:The authors studied 363 (mean [SD]; 25 [6] y, 89% male) elite players (soccer, futsal, basketball, handball, and roller hockey) from a top-level European team (FC Barcelona, Spain). ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0431
更新日期:2019-10-14 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine the validity of 2 kinematic systems for assessing mean velocity (MV), peak velocity (PV), mean force (MF), peak force (PF), mean power (MP), and peak power (PP) during the full-depth free-weight back squat performed with maximal concentric effort. METHODS:Ten strength-trained men (26.1 ± 3.0 y, 1.81...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0627
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To describe and analyze the distribution of internal training load (ITL), recovery, and physical performance of professional volleyball players throughout 1 season. METHODS:Fifteen male professional Brazilian volleyball players participated in this study. The session rating of perceived exertion (s-RPE) and To...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0504
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantify the mean daily changes in training and match load and any parallel changes in indicators of morningmeasured fatigue across in-season training weeks in elite soccer players. METHODS:After each training session and match (TL), session ratings of perceived exertion (s-RPE) were recorded to calculate o...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0490
更新日期:2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess the utility of a self-paced maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max) test (SPV) in eliciting an accurate measure of VO2max in comparison with a traditional graded exercise test (GXT) during motorized treadmill exercise. DESIGN:This was a cross-sectional experimental study whereby recreationally trained men (n ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2014-0052
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Despite the volume of available literature focusing on marathon running and the prediction of performance, no single prediction equations exists that is accurate for all runners of varying experiences and abilities. Indeed the relative merits and utility of the existing equations remain unclear. Thus, the aim o...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0360
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to examine the effect that load has on the mechanics of the jump shrug. Fifteen track and field and club/intramural athletes (age 21.7 ± 1.3 y, height 180.9 ± 6.6 cm, body mass 84.7 ± 13.2 kg, 1-repetition-maximum (1RM) hang power clean 109.1 ± 17.2 kg) performed repetitions of the jump s...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0028
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Purpose: The hyperbolic distance-time relationship can be used to profile running performance and establish critical speed (CS) and D' (the curvature constant of the speed-time relationship). Typically, to establish these parameters, multiple (3+) performance trials are required, which can be highly fatiguing and limi...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0809
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess differences in event-specific specialization between elite African and non-African male marathon runners based on age, performance, and career length. METHODS:The top 90 African marathoners from 2001 to 2015 were compared with the top 90 non-African marathoners from the same time period across variou...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0069
更新日期:2018-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To quantify possible differences in sprint mechanical outputs in handball and basketball players according to playing standard and position. METHODS:Sprint tests of 298 male players were analyzed. Theoretical maximal velocity (v0), horizontal force (F0), horizontal power (Pmax), force-velocity slope (SFV), rat...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2019-0180
更新日期:2019-10-02 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To identify the dose-response relationship between measures of training load (TL) and changes in aerobic fitness in academy rugby union players. METHOD:Training data from 10 academy rugby union players were collected during a 6-wk in-season period. Participants completed a lactate-threshold test that was used ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0121
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To assess and compare the validity of internal and external Australian football (AF) training-load measures for predicting preseason variation of match-play exercise intensity (MEI sim/min) using a variable dose-response model. METHODS:A total of 21 professional male AF players completed an 18-wk preseason mac...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2017-0752
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To examine variations in neuromuscular and hormonal status and their relationship to performance throughout a season of elite Australian Rules Football (ARF). METHODS:Fifteen elite ARF players performed a single jump (CMJ1) and 5 repeated countermovement jumps (CMJ5), and provided saliva samples for the analys...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.3.4.439
更新日期:2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has analyzed the genetic factors that influence world-class athletic status. Much of what we know comes from association studies, with the ACE I/D and ACTN3 R577X polymorphisms having been extensively studied. The association between the ACTN3 R577X variation and elite athlete status in power sports is...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.5.1.93
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Track-cycling team pursuit (TP) is a highly technical effort involving 4 athletes completing 4 km from a standing start, often in less than 240 s. Transitions between athletes leading the team are obviously of utmost importance. PURPOSE:To perform qualitative video analyses of transitions of world-class athlet...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0596
更新日期:2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to describe the pacing profiles used by racewalkers competing in IAAF World Championships. METHODS:The times for each 5-km segment were obtained for 225 men competing over 20 km, 214 women competing over 20 km, and 232 men competing over 50 km, of whom 49 did not finish. Athletes were...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.8.4.435
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate whether the combination of a soccer training session, plyometric training, and change-of-direction (COD) exercises would enhance soccer ability to a greater extent than training on its own in youth soccer players. METHODS:Thirty-one youth players participated in this study (age: 12 [0.8] y). Pla...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2018-0545
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The collection of retrospective lap times from video footage is a potentially useful research tool to analyze the pacing strategies in any number of competitive events. The aim of this study was to validate a novel method of obtaining running split-time data from publically available video footage. Videos of the 1500-...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.8.6.692
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:While a number of studies have investigated gross efficiency (GE) in laboratory conditions, few studies have analyzed it in field conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of gradient and cadence on GE in field conditions. METHODS:Thirteen trained cyclists (mean ± SD age 23.3 ± 4.1...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2014-0373
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In water polo, several high-intensity efforts are performed, leading to the fatigue process due to accumulation of hydrogen ions, and thus β-alanine supplementation could be an efficient strategy to increase the intramuscular acid buffer. Purpose To investigate whether 4 wk of β-alanine supplementation enhances parame...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2016-0133
更新日期:2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Games-based drills are the predominant form of training adopted during basketball practice. As such, researchers have begun to quantify the physical, physiological, and perceptual demands of different games-based drill formats. However, study methodology has not been systematically reported across studies, limi...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0665
更新日期:2021-01-09 00:00:00
abstract:UNLABELLED:Regular monitoring of adaptation to training is important for optimizing training load and recovery, which is the main factor in successful training. PURPOSE:To investigate the usefulness of a novel submaximal running test (SRT) in field conditions in predicting and tracking changes of endurance performance...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0366
更新日期:2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:To investigate the effects of an extreme uphill marathon on the mechanical parameters that are likely to affect the energy cost of running (Cr). METHODS:Eleven runners (27-59 y) participated in the Etna SuperMarathon (43 km, 0-3063 m above sea level). Anthropometric characteristics, maximal explosive power of ...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2014-0057
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of this study was to compare the pacing profiles between distance- and duration-based trials of short and long duration. Thirteen trained cyclists completed 2 time-based (6 and 30 min) and 2 distance-based (4 and 20 km) self-paced cycling time trials. Participants were instructed to complete each trial wit...
journal_title:International journal of sports physiology and performance
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1123/ijspp.2015-0613
更新日期:2016-11-01 00:00:00