Elite athletes: are the genes the champions?

abstract：:The aim of the current study was to analyze men's and women's world records across the full range of running disciplines to contextualize the recent debate about the possibility of a sub-2-h marathon. The average male-female gap is currently 11.2% ± 1.0% for all running events. However, reducing the marathon time to b...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Tucker R,Santos-Concejero J

更新日期：2017-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of study was to examine the effects of the world's most challenging mountain ultramarathon (Tor des Géants [TdG]) on running mechanics. Mechanical measurements were undertaken in male runners (n = 16) and a control group (n = 8) before (PRE), during (MID), and after (POST) the TdG. Contact (tc) and aerial (ta)...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Degache F,Morin JB,Oehen L,Guex K,Giardini G,Schena F,Millet GY,Millet GP

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Purpose: To analyse time domain, spectral and fractal properties of speed regulation during half-marathon racing. Methods: In twenty-one male experienced runners high-resolution data on speed (V), stride frequency (SF) and stride length (SL) were assessed during half-marathon competition (21098 m). Performance times, ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Hoos O,Boeselt T,Steiner M,Hottenrott K,Beneke R

更新日期：2013-08-27 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Road cycling is a sport with extreme physiological demands. Therefore, there is a need to find new strategies to improve performance. Heart rate variability (HRV) has been suggested as an effective alternative for prescribing training load against predefined training programs. The purpose of this study is to ex...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Javaloyes A,Sarabia JM,Lamberts RP,Moya-Ramon M

更新日期：2018-05-29 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to examine the effect of fatigue, developed during prolonged high-intensity intermittent exercise, on the performance of soccer shooting and dribbling skill. METHODS:Nine semiprofessional soccer players with a mean age of 20.7+/-1.4 years volunteered to participate in the study. Partic...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Stone KJ,Oliver JL

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Paratriathlon will debut at the Rio 2016 Paralympic Games, but research documenting the physiological attributes and training practices of elite paratriathletes is lacking. This case study reports on the physiology and training of a long-distance worldchampion male paratriathlete (below-the-knee amputee) over 19 mo. H...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Mujika I,Orbañanos J,Salazar H

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:Anthropometrical and physical characteristics have been used to distinguish players of different competition levels and position groups; however, there is no literature on rugby sevens. PURPOSE:To compare the anthropometrical and physical characteristics of international and provincial rugby sevens players ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Ross A,Gill ND,Cronin JB

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of this study was to quantify peak age and improvements over the preceding years to peak age in elite athletic contestants according to athlete performance level, sex, and discipline. Individual season bests for world-ranked top 100 athletes from 2002 to 2016 (14,937 athletes and 57,049 individual results) wer...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Haugen TA,Solberg PA,Foster C,Morán-Navarro R,Breitschädel F,Hopkins WG

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：UNLABELLED:The contractile history of muscle can potentiate electrically evoked force production. A link to voluntary force production, related in part to an increase in reflex excitability, has been suggested. PURPOSE:Our purpose was to quantify the effect of postactivation potentiation on voluntary force production ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Hodgson MJ,Docherty D,Zehr EP

更新日期：2008-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effect of high- versus low-intensity training in the heat and ensuing taper period in the heat on endurance performance. METHODS:In total, 19 well-trained triathletes undertook 5 days of normal training and a 1-wk taper including either low- (heat acclimation [HA-L], n = 10) or high-intensity ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Schmit C,Duffield R,Hausswirth C,Brisswalter J,Le Meur Y

更新日期：2018-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The purpose of this project was to observe current warm-up practices in snowboard athletes and evaluate their physiological impact before competition. METHODS:An observational design was used to monitor 4 athletes (2 female) at an Open National Snowboard Cross Championships. Activity patterns, core temperature...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Sporer BC,Cote A,Sleivert G

更新日期：2012-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To quantify the power-output demands of men's road-cycling stage racing using a direct measure of power output. METHODS:Power-output data were collected from 207 races over 6 competition years on 31 Australian national male road cyclists. Subjects performed a maximal graded exercise test in the laboratory to d...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Ebert TR,Martin DT,Stephens B,Withers RT

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To compare psychophysiological responses to 6 repeated-sprint sessions in normobaric hypoxia (RSH) and normoxia (RSN) in team-sport athletes during a 2-wk "live high-train low" training camp. METHODS:While residing under normobaric hypoxia (≥14 h/d, FiO2 14.5-14.2%), 23 lowland elite field hockey players perfo...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Brocherie F,Millet GP,Girard O

更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To investigate the physical and physiological response to different formats of various-sided games. METHODS:Eighteen elite women's soccer players wore 15-Hz global positioning system devices and heart-rate (HR) monitors during various-sided games (small, 4 vs 4 and 5 vs 5; medium, 6 vs 6 and 7 vs 7; large, 8 v...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Mara JK,Thompson KG,Pumpa KL

更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Endurance exercise performance in hypoxia may be influenced by an ability to maintain high minute ventilation (V˙E) in defense of reduced arterial oxyhemoglobin saturation. Inspiratory muscle training (IMT) has been used as an effective intervention to attenuate the negative physiological consequences associated with ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Hursh DG,Baranauskas MN,Wiggins CC,Bielko S,Mickleborough TD,Chapman RF

更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the effects of prolonged simulated tennis on performance and the ergogenic potential of caffeine, carbohydrates, and cooling. METHODS:Twelve highly trained male tennis players (age 18.3 +/- 3.0 y, height 178.8 +/- 8.5 cm, body mass 73.95 +/- 12.30 kg, mean +/- SD) performed 4 simulated matches (2 ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Hornery DJ,Farrow D,Mujika I,Young WB

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The collection of retrospective lap times from video footage is a potentially useful research tool to analyze the pacing strategies in any number of competitive events. The aim of this study was to validate a novel method of obtaining running split-time data from publically available video footage. Videos of the 1500-...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Mytton GJ,Archer DT,Thompson KG,Renfree A,St Clair Gibson A

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Critical speed (CS) and supra-CS distance capacity (D') are useful metrics for monitoring changes in swimmers' physiological and performance capacities. However, the utility of these metrics across a season has not been systematically evaluated in high level swimmers. METHODS:Twenty-seven swimmers (18 female; ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Mitchell LJG,Rattray B,Wu P,Saunders PU,Pyne DB

更新日期：2019-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To quantify the external training loads of positional groups in preseason training drills. METHODS:Thirty-three elite rugby league players were categorized into 1 of 4 positional groups: outside backs (n = 9), adjustables (n = 9), wide-running forwards (n = 9), and hit-up forwards (n = 6). Data for 8 preseason...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Cummins C,McLean B,Halaki M,Orr R

更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Self-myofascial release (SMR) is a common exercise and therapeutic modality shown to induce acute improvements in joint range of motion (ROM) and recovery; however, no long-term studies have been conducted. Static stretching (SS) is the most common method used to increase joint ROM and decrease muscle stiffness...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Morton RW,Oikawa SY,Phillips SM,Devries MC,Mitchell CJ

更新日期：2016-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The genetic influence on the attainment of elite athlete status is well established, with a number of polymorphisms found to be more common in elite athletes than in the general population. As such, there is considerable interest in understanding whether this information can be utilized to identify future elite...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Pickering C,Kiely J

更新日期：2020-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To better understand the carbohydrate (CHO) requirement of Australian Football (AF) match play by quantifying muscle glycogen utilisation during an in-season AF match. METHODS:After a 24 h CHO loading protocol of 8 g/kg and 2 g/kg in the pre-match meal, two elite male forward players had biopsies sampled from ...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Routledge HE,Leckey JJ,Lee MJ,Garnham A,Graham S,Burgess D,Burke LM,Erskine RM,Close GL,Morton JP

更新日期：2018-06-12 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:Endurance running performance is a multifactorial phenotype that is strongly associated with running economy. Sit and reach range of motion (SR ROM) is negatively associated with running economy, suggesting that reduced SR ROM is advantageous for endurance running performance. The COL5A1 gene has been associate...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Brown JC,Miller CJ,Posthumus M,Schwellnus MP,Collins M

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The time-motion characteristics and the within-athlete variability in movement patterns were quantified for the same male fast bowler playing One Day International (ODI) cricket matches (n=12). METHODS:A number of different time motion characteristics were monitored using a portable 5-Hz global positioning sys...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Petersen C,Pyne DB,Portus MR,Karppinen S,Dawson B

更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In high-performance cycling, it is important to maintain a healthy balance between training load and recovery. Recently a new submaximal cycle test, known as the Lamberts and Lambert Submaximal Cycle Test (LSCT), has been shown to be able to accurately predict cycling performance in 15 well-trained cyclists. The aim o...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Lamberts RP

更新日期：2014-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Velocity strength training requires exercise modalities that allow athletes to reach very high movement velocity, which is limited during vertical movements involving body weight. PURPOSE:To quantify the mechanical outputs developed during horizontal squat jumps (HSJs), notably the movement velocity, in comparison wi...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Samozino P,Rivière JR,Rossi J,Morin JB,Jimenez-Reyes P

更新日期：2018-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:While a number of studies have investigated gross efficiency (GE) in laboratory conditions, few studies have analyzed it in field conditions. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze the effect of gradient and cadence on GE in field conditions. METHODS:Thirteen trained cyclists (mean ± SD age 23.3 ± 4.1...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Nimmerichter A,Prinz B,Haselsberger K,Novak N,Simon D,Hopker JG

更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To determine the consistency of commercially available devices used for measuring elevation gain in outdoor activities and sports. METHODS:Two separate observational validation studies were conducted. Garmin (Forerunner 310XT, Edge 500, Edge 750, and Edge 800; with and without elevation correction) and SRM (Po...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Menaspà P,Impellizzeri FM,Haakonssen EC,Martin DT,Abbiss CR

更新日期：2014-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:The aim of the study was to determine the effect of supramaximal exercise intensity during constant work-rate cycling to exhaustion on the accumulated oxygen deficit (AOD) and to determine the test-retest reliability of AOD. METHODS:Twenty-one trained male cyclists and triathletes (mean ± SD for age and maxima...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Muniz-Pumares D,Pedlar C,Godfrey RJ,Glaister M

更新日期：2017-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：PURPOSE:To examine the impact of varying between-matches microcycles on training characteristics (ie, intensity, duration, and load) in professional rugby league players and to report on match load related to these between-matches microcycles. METHODS:Training-load data were collected during a 26-wk competition period...

journal_title：International journal of sports physiology and performance

authors： Moreira A,Kempton T,Aoki MS,Sirotic AC,Coutts AJ

更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00