Abstract:
CONTEXT:Sporting organizations limit full-contact football practices to reduce concussion risk and based on speculation that repeated head impacts may result in long-term neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVE:To directly compare head-impact exposure in high school football players before and after a statewide restriction on full-contact practices. DESIGN:Cross-sectional study. SETTING:High school football field. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS:Participants were varsity football athletes from a single high school. Before the rule change, 26 athletes (age = 16.2 ± 0.8 years, height = 179.6 ± 6.4 cm, weight = 81.9 ± 13.1 kg) participated. After the rule change, 24 athletes (age = 15.9 ± 0.8 years, height = 178.3 ± 6.5 cm, weight = 76.2 ± 11.6 kg) participated. Nine athletes participated in both years of the investigation. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S):Head-impact exposure was monitored using the Head Impact Telemetry System while the athletes participated in football games and practices in the seasons before and after the rule change. Head-impact frequency, location, and magnitude (ie, linear acceleration, rotational acceleration, and Head Impact Telemetry severity profile [HITsp], respectively) were measured. RESULTS:A total of 15 398 impacts (592 impacts per player per season) were captured before the rule change and 8269 impacts (345 impacts per player per season) after the change. An average 42% decline in impact exposure occurred across all players, with practice-exposure declines occurring among linemen (46% decline); receivers, cornerbacks, and safeties (41% decline); and tight ends, running backs (including fullbacks), and linebackers (39% decline). Impact magnitudes remained largely unchanged between the years. CONCLUSIONS:A rule change limiting full-contact high school football practices appears to have been effective in reducing head-impact exposure across all players, with the largest reduction occurring among linemen. This finding is likely associated with the rule modification, particularly because the coaching staff and offensive scheme remained consistent, yet how this reduction influences concussion risk and long-term cognitive health remains unknown.
journal_name
J Athl Trainjournal_title
Journal of athletic trainingauthors
Broglio SP,Williams RM,O'Connor KL,Goldstick Jdoi
10.4085/1062-6050-51.7.04subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-07-01 00:00:00pages
511-8issue
7eissn
1062-6050issn
1938-162Xjournal_volume
51pub_type
杂志文章abstract:CONTEXT:Thermal responses of average-sized male subjects (mass of approximately 70 kg) may not accurately reflect the rate of heat storage in larger athletes with greater muscle mass. OBJECTIVE:To determine if core temperature (T(c)) is different in National Football League linemen and backs and if T(c) is related to ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Reported injury rates and services in sports injury surveillance may be influenced by the employment setting of the certified athletic trainers (ATs) reporting these data. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether injury rates and the average number of AT services per injury in high school football varied by AT employmen...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.3.02
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: Dynamic balance deficits have been described postconcussion, even after athletes return to play. Lower extremity (LE) musculoskeletal injury rates increase for up to 1 year after concussion, but the long-term musculoskeletal implications of concussion are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To (1) examine the association o...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-52.2.03
更新日期:2017-06-02 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:First, we will update recommendations for the prehospital management and care of patients with exertional heat stroke (EHS) in the secondary school setting. Second, we provide action items to aid clinicians in developing best-practice documents and policies for EHS. Third, we provide practical strategies clin...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0173.20
更新日期:2020-12-08 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Female athletic trainers (ATs) are currently underrepresented in the collegiate setting. Parenting and family obligations may play a role in this underrepresentation. OBJECTIVE:To examine female ATs' perspectives on parenting and working in the secondary school and collegiate employment settings. DESIGN:Cross...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-45.5.459
更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: :A comprehensive systematic review of the literature on the use of augmented information in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury-prevention programs to improve jump-landing technique was conducted. The use of motor-learning concepts could provide more robust means of preventing ACL injuries. OBJECTIVE: :To...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-320-17
更新日期:2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:In 2010, 8.6 million children were treated for unintentional injuries in American emergency departments. Child engagement in sports and recreation offers many health benefits but also exposure to injury risks. In this analysis, we consider possible developmental risk factors in a review of age, sex, and inciden...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.41
更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To document neurocognitive and neurobehavioral consequences of 1 versus 2 concussions. DESIGN AND SETTING: Nonequivalent, pretest-posttest cohort design with multiple dependent measures. Participants were selected from a large sample of athletes who participated in a comprehensive, multiuniversity study of ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Sudden cardiac death (SCD) is a relatively rare yet unfortunate risk of athletic participation. To reduce the incidence of SCD, electrocardiogram (ECG) use during athletic preparticipation examinations (PPEs) has been proposed to detect underlying cardiac abnormalities. OBJECTIVE:To estimate the effectiveness ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-45.3.265
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of prophylactic knee bracing has been refuted with regard to reducing the incidence and/or severity of injuries to the knee joint. This is thought to be a result of the prophylactic knee brace's ineffectiveness in protecting the knee joint from valgus loads. Furthermore, discrepancies exist regarding the ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wearable sensors are capable of capturing foot-strike positioning, which lends insight into landing biomechanics during running. The purpose of our study was to assess the relationship between foot-strike categorization and foot-strike angle during running to validate the sensor-derived foot-strike outcome. Twenty col...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0520.19
更新日期:2020-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Organizational policies for work-life balance exist, but little is known about athletic trainers' (ATs') awareness of and willingness to use them. OBJECTIVE:To explore ATs' formal and informal work-life balance policies in the collegiate and university athletic training setting. DESIGN:Sequential mixed-method...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-245-17
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The relationship between lower extremity alignment and lower extremity injury risk remains poorly understood, perhaps because most authors have examined only individual or a select group of alignment variables. Examining the relationships among alignment variables may allow us to more accurately describe lower ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-44.5.511
更新日期:2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:There is plenty of information on electrocardiogram (ECG) and blood pressure (BP) changes in senior athletes. However, a corresponding data in adolescent athletes are scarce. OBJECTIVE:To study the differences in resting ECG and BP between adolescent endurance athletes, non-endurance athletes, and non-athletes...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/78-20
更新日期:2020-11-05 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Epicondylalgia is a common condition involving pain-generating structures such as tendon, neural, and chondral tissue. The current noninvasive reference standard for identifying chondral lesions is magnetic resonance imaging. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MUS) may be an inexpensive and effective alternative. OBJ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.1.03
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Previous epidemiologic researchers have examined time-loss (TL) injuries in high school student-athletes, but little is known about the frequency of non-time-loss (NTL) injuries in these athletes. OBJECTIVE:To describe the methods of the National Athletic Treatment, Injury and Outcomes Network (NATION) Surveil...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.5.04
更新日期:2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To compare the effectiveness of Nature's Chemist as an ultrasound coupling agent with the effectiveness of another topical analgesic (Biofreeze), Aquasonic 100, and a sham treatment in producing intramuscular (IM) temperature increase during a typical therapeutic ultrasound treatment. DESIGN AND SETTING: Su...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To determine whether anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) laxity (as evaluated with the KT-2000 and radiographic measures) is associated with concentrations of reproductive hormones during the menstrual cycle and whether the KT-2000 knee arthrometer is a valid measurement technique, compared with radiographic t...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Functional ankle instability (FAI) affects a large part of the population. Inconsistent findings have been reported regarding the existence of functional performance deficits in individuals with FAI. OBJECTIVE:To examine functional performance in participants with FAI compared with participants in a control gr...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.4.342
更新日期:2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Athletic trainers (ATs) know to diagnose exertional heat stroke (EHS) via rectal thermometry (T(re)) and to treat EHS via cold-water immersion (CWI) but do not implement these recommendations in clinical practice. OBJECTIVE:To gain an understanding of educational techniques used to deliver content regarding EH...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-46.5.523
更新日期:2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The National Institutes of Health created a medical research road map that included the development of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). A key feature of PROMIS was the development of patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) addressing various aspects of health. Understandin...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-331-17
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Quadriceps and hamstrings weakness occurs frequently after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) injury and reconstruction. Evidence suggests that knee injury may precipitate hip and ankle muscle weakness, but few data support this contention after ACL injury and reconstruction. OBJECTIVE:To determine if hip, knee,...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.23
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this research was to investigate the hazards of lightning for participants in outdoor athletics and to determine the existence of, and assess the nature of, lightning safety policy at the collegiate level. DESIGN AND SETTING:We used data from the National Severe Storms Laboratory in Norman, Ok...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Foam-rolling exercises are frequently included in warmups due to their benefits for increasing range of motion (ROM). However, their effects on proprioception and vertical jump have not been analyzed and therefore remain unclear. Moreover, the effects of performing practical-duration foam-rolling exercises afte...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-474-18
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to examine undergraduate athletic training students' perceptions of how time is utilized during clinical field experiences while enrolled in Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Program (CAAHEP)-accredited athletic training programs and to determine the effects of clinical ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Previous researchers have examined factor structures for common concussion symptom inventories. However, they failed to discriminate between the acute (<72 hours) and subacute (3 days-3 months) periods after concussion. The Sport Concussion Assessment Tool (SCAT) is an acute assessment that, when compared with ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-393.19
更新日期:2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Slideboard exercise is consistent with the American College of Sports Medicine guidelines for exercise intensity of 55% to 90% of maximal heart rate or 40% to 85% of maximal oxygen uptake. OBJECTIVE:To determine if slideboard exercise while in a leg harness increases the metabolic and cardiorespiratory demands...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:ABSTRACT:Context: Considering current models that highlight the role of psychological components in pain management, mindfulness practice may be an effective strategy in the management of pain. Objective: To examine the effects of adding an eight-week mindfulness program to exercise therapy on the perceptions of pain s...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0214.20
更新日期:2020-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Athletic trainers recommend and use a multitude of rehydration (REHY) methods with their patients. The REHY modality that most effectively facilitates recovery is unknown. OBJECTIVE:To compare 5 common REHY methods for thermoregulatory and stress hormone recovery after exercise dehydration (EXDE) in trained pa...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.6.01
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Cooling jackets are a common method for removing stored heat accumulated during exercise. To date, the efficiency and practicality of different types of cooling jackets have received minimal investigation. OBJECTIVE:To examine whether a cooling jacket containing a phase-change material (PC17) results in more r...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-45.2.164
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00