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Osteoarthritis Prevalence in Retired National Football League Players With a History of Concussion and Lower Extremity Injury.

Abstract：

CONTEXT: Dynamic balance deficits have been described postconcussion, even after athletes return to play. Lower extremity (LE) musculoskeletal injury rates increase for up to 1 year after concussion, but the long-term musculoskeletal implications of concussion are unclear. OBJECTIVE: To (1) examine the association of concussion and LE injury histories with osteoarthritis (OA) prevalence in retired National Football League players and (2) examine the association of concussion and LE injury histories with OA prevalence in those ≤55 years of age. DESIGN: Case-control study. SETTING: Survey. PATIENTS OR OTHER PARTICIPANTS: We administered the Health Survey of Retired National Football League Players, which collects information about demographics, OA, LE injury, and concussion history. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Twelve discrete categories were created based on concussion and LE injury history, ranging from 0 concussions and 0 LE injuries (referent group) to 3+ concussions and 2+ LE injuries. Binomial regression analysis modeled lifetime OA prevalence. Covariates were body mass index, age at the time of the survey, and total years playing professional football. RESULTS: Complete data were available for 2696 participants. Lifetime OA prevalence was smallest in the referent group (21.1%) and largest in the 3+ concussion and 2+ LE group (50.6%; 2.5 times the referent; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 2.1, 3.1). Participants in all concussion groups (1, 2, 3+) who reported a history of 0 LE injuries had a greater OA prevalence than the referent group. When participants were stratified by age, the ≤55 years of age, 3+ concussions, and 2+ LE injuries group prevalence ratio (3.6; 95% CI = 2.7, 5.2) was larger than that of the >55 years of age, 3+ concussions, and 2+ LE injuries group (1.8; 95% CI = 1.3, 2.4) compared with the respective referent groups. CONCLUSIONS: Concussion with or without a history of LE injury may be an important moderator of OA. Future researchers should seek to better understand the mechanisms that influence the association among concussion, LE injury, and OA.

journal_name

J Athl Train

journal_title

Journal of athletic training

authors

Lynall RC,Pietrosimone B,Kerr ZY,Mauntel TC,Mihalik JP,Guskiewicz KM

doi

10.4085/1062-6050-52.2.03

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2017-06-02 00:00:00

pages

518-525

issue

eissn

1062-6050

issn

1938-162X

journal_volume

pub_type

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Osteoarthritis Prevalence in Retired National Football League Players With a History of Concussion and Lower Extremity Injury.