Cognitive functioning following traumatic brain injury: A five-year follow-up.

Abstract:

OBJECTIVE:To describe the long-term prevalence and severity of cognitive deficits following significant (i.e., ventilation required for >24 hours) traumatic brain injury. To assess a comprehensive range of cognitive functions using psychometric measures with established normative, reliability, and validity data. METHODS:A group of 71 adults was assessed at approximately five years (mean = 66 months) following injury. Assessment of cognitive functioning covered the domains of intelligence, attention, verbal and visual memory, visual-spatial construction, and executive functions. RESULTS:Impairment was evident across all domains but prevalence varied both within and between domains. Across aspects of intelligence clinical impairment ranged from 8-25% , attention 39-62% , verbal memory 16-46% , visual memory 23-51% , visual-spatial construction 38% , and executive functions (verbal fluency) 13% . In addition, 3-23% of performances across the measures were in the borderline range, suggesting a high prevalence of subclinical deficit. CONCLUSIONS:Although the prevalence of impairment may vary across cognitive domains, long-term follow-up documented deficits in all six domains. These findings provide further evidence that while improvement of cognitive functioning following significant traumatic brain injury may be possible, recovery of function is unlikely.

journal_name

NeuroRehabilitation

journal_title

NeuroRehabilitation

authors

Marsh NV,Ludbrook MR,Gaffaney LC

doi

10.3233/NRE-151297

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2016-01-01 00:00:00

pages

71-8

issue

1

eissn

1053-8135

issn

1878-6448

pii

NRE1297

journal_volume

38

pub_type

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