Abstract:
:An increase in intracellular Ca(2+) is the primary trigger of contraction of gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscles. However, increasing the Ca(2+) sensitivity of the myofilaments by elevating myosin light chain phosphorylation also plays an essential role. Inhibiting myosin light chain phosphatase activity with protein kinase C-potentiated phosphatase inhibitor protein-17 kDa (CPI-17) and myosin phosphatase targeting subunit 1 (MYPT1) phosphorylation is considered to be the primary mechanism underlying myofilament Ca(2+) sensitization. The relative importance of Ca(2+) sensitization mechanisms to the diverse patterns of GI motility is likely related to the varied functional roles of GI smooth muscles. Increases in CPI-17 and MYPT1 phosphorylation in response to agonist stimulation regulate myosin light chain phosphatase activity in phasic, tonic, and sphincteric GI smooth muscles. Recent evidence suggests that MYPT1 phosphorylation may also contribute to force generation by reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton. The mechanisms responsible for maintaining constitutive CPI-17 and MYPT1 phosphorylation in GI smooth muscles are still largely unknown. The characteristics of the cell-types comprising the neuroeffector junction lead to fundamental differences between the effects of exogenous agonists and endogenous neurotransmitters on Ca(2+) sensitization mechanisms. The contribution of various cell-types within the tunica muscularis to the motor responses of GI organs to neurotransmission must be considered when determining the mechanisms by which Ca(2+) sensitization pathways are activated. The signaling pathways regulating Ca(2+) sensitization may provide novel therapeutic strategies for controlling GI motility. This article will provide an overview of the current understanding of the biochemical basis for the regulation of Ca(2+) sensitization, while also discussing the functional importance to different smooth muscles of the GI tract.
journal_name
J Neurogastroenterol Motiljournal_title
Journal of neurogastroenterology and motilityauthors
Perrino BAdoi
10.5056/jnm15186subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-04-30 00:00:00pages
213-25issue
2eissn
2093-0879issn
2093-0887pii
jnm15186journal_volume
22pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) which are the most effective agents for the treatment of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), have been known to delay gastric emptying. Mosapride has been used as prokinetics by accelerating gastric emptying. We evaluated the efficacy of mosapride to prevent PPI-induced...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2013.19.4.495
更新日期:2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Integrated relaxation pressure (IRP) is defined as the average minimum esophagogastric junction (EGJ) pressure for 4 seconds of relaxation (contiguous or noncontiguous) within 10 seconds of swallowing. The durability of IRP values during successive swallows in the supine position remains to be elucidate...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm20139
更新日期:2021-01-28 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Since the use of dexlansoprazole in Asian subjects with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) has not been adequately characterized, this study was conducted to evaluate the efficacy and safety of dexlansoprazole modified-release in Asian subjects with non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) and erosive esop...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm19031
更新日期:2020-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Approximately one-third of non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) patients are refractory to proton pump inhibitors (PPI) and face a therapeutic challenge. Therefore, it is important to differentiate between pathological and non-pathological reflux utilizing multichannel intraluminal impedance-pH (MII-pH) to...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm14038
更新日期:2014-10-30 00:00:00
abstract::The mammalian intestine contains many different cell types but is comprised of 2 main cell types: epithelial cells and smooth muscle cells. Recent in vivo and in vitro evidence has revealed that various alterations to the DNA methylation apparatus within both of these cell types can result in a variety of cellular phe...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.5056/jnm19077
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Probiotics are expected to modify the composition of gut microbiota. We aimed to investigate the changes in the composition and diversity of gut microbiota by the administration of probiotics in healthy individuals. Methods:Twelve healthy volunteers with age range of 30-42 years provided baseline fecal...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm17140
更新日期:2018-07-30 00:00:00
abstract::That gastrointestinal motility can influence the gut microbiota has been known for decades and the clinical consequences of impaired motility, in terms of the bacterial population of the small intestine, amply illustrated by the syndrome of small intestinal bacterial overgrowth which so commonly accompanies diffuse in...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2011.17.2.140
更新日期:2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a very common disease, and the prevalence in the general population has recently increased. GERD is a chronic relapsing disease associated with motility disorders of the upper gastrointestinal tract. Several factors are implicated in GERD, including hypotensive lower esophagea...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 评审
doi:10.5056/jnm19081
更新日期:2019-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Current evidence suggests the presence of motility or functional abnormalities in one area of the gastrointestinal tract increases the likelihood of abnormalities in others. However, the relationship of gastroparesis to chronic constipation (slow transit constipation and dyssynergic defecation) has been...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm18206
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:To draw a normative database of laryngopharynx pH profile in Chinese subjects. METHODS:Normal volunteers were recruited from "www.Ganji.com" and People's hospital between May 2008 and December 2009. The Restech pH Probes were calibrated in pH 7 and pH 4 buffer solutions according to the manufacturer's ...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm13138
更新日期:2014-07-31 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:The prevalence and severity of irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) declines with age, but the cause of this is unknown. This study tested 2 hypotheses: (1) autonomic nervous system responses to eating and bowel distention, measured by heart rate variability (HRV), differs by age in IBS patients and (2) HRV i...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm16216
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is one of the most frequently observed disorders by primary care and practitioners. The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of IBS using the Rome II and III criteria in the general Korean population and also to compare sociodemographic differences between subj...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2010.16.2.186
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiofrequency catheter ablation (RFCA) is a potentially curative method for treatment of highly symptomatic and drug-refractory atrial fibrillation (AF). However, this technique can provoke esophageal and nerve lesion, due to thermal injury. To our knowledge, there have been no reported cases of a newly described mot...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm15034
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Functional dyspepsia (FD) is one of the commonest diseases in the field of Internal Medicine. The Japanese Society of Gastroenterology (JSGE) has been enlightening the term and concept of FD. Aim of this survey was to elucidate the understanding status of FD and Rome criteria and attitude toward FD amon...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2014.20.1.94
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGIDs), diagnosed by symptom-based criteria due to lack of biomarkers, need translatedvalidated questionnaires in different languages. As Bengali, the mother tongue of Bangladesh and eastern India, is the seventh most spoken language in the world, we translated and...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm15129
更新日期:2016-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) is a widespread chronic health condition which is significantly more prevalent in women. We conducted a gender difference analysis by comparing findings of men and women to determine whether any significant differences exist or not. METHODS:This single-center study was co...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2012.18.1.70
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Antispasmodics including otilonium bromide (OB) are recommended to treat irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). However, reports about OB experience in Asia is sparse. The purpose of present study was to provide the efficacy of OB in treating Asian IBS patients. METHODS:Overall, 117 IBS patients meeting Rome ...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2011.17.4.402
更新日期:2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC) play important functions in motor activity of the gastrointestinal tract. The role of ICC as pace-makers is well established, however their participation in neurotransmission is controversial. Studies using mutant animals that lack ICC have yielded variable conclusions ...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2014.20.2.171
更新日期:2014-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::This article highlights the role of prucalopride in the management of chronic constipation based upon the principles of meta-analysis using data reported in the published randomized, controlled trials. Sixteen randomized, controlled trials on 3943 patients reported the effectiveness of prucalopride in patients with ch...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: meta分析
doi:10.5056/jnm16004
更新日期:2016-07-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Nausea, an unpleasant symptom of diabetic gastroparesis (DMGP), has been reported to be alleviated by needleless transcutaneous electrical acupuncture (TEA). Our study was designed to utilize electroencephalography (EEG) and electrogastrography (EGG) recordings to investigate the central and peripheral ...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm16097
更新日期:2017-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::In predisposed individuals with long standing gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), esophageal squamous mucosa can transform into columnar mucosa with intestinal metaplasia, commonly called Barrett's esophagus (BE). Barrett's mucosa can develop dysplasia, which can be a precursor for esophageal adenocarcinoma (EAC)....
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm18156
更新日期:2019-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Despite numerous studies on the relation of genetic polymorphisms with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), the results still remain inconclusive. The aim of this study was to assess the possible association between SLC6A4 serotonin transporter gene linked polymorphic region (5-HTTLPR), ADRA2A -1291C>G, GNB3...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm14020
更新日期:2014-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::Author's name was mis-typed. The name "Oya B Sezer" in the original article should have been written as "Oya Balcı Sezer." ...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 已发布勘误
doi:10.5056/jnm25012
更新日期:2019-01-31 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclic vomiting syndrome (CVS) is a disorder characterized by recurrent episodes of incapacitating nausea and vomiting interspersed with symptom free periods. Common triggers of cyclic vomiting include noxious stress, excitement, fatigue and menstrual period. Here, we report a case of cyclic vomiting syndrome in adult...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2010.16.1.77
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Interstitial cells play important roles in gastrointestinal (GI) neuro-smooth muscle transmission. The underlying mechanisms of colonic dysmotility have not been well illustrated. We established a partial colon obstruction (PCO) mouse model to investigate the changes of interstitial cells and the correl...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm19136
更新日期:2019-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:Self-reported lactose intolerance (LI) is frequent in patients with functional bowel disorders (FBD) that could be interpreted as irritable bowel syndrome (IBS). The present study aims to characterize the responses of FBD patients without small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO), and LI, in terms of...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm20094
更新日期:2020-12-28 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Recent studies reveal that acute gastroenteritis can precipitate irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) symptoms leading to the concept of post-infectious IBS. However, the overall contribution of gastroenteritis to the total IBS prevalence is unknown. In this exercise we try to estimate the contribution of gas...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2012.18.2.200
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background/Aims:High-resolution manometry (HRM) has broadened the awareness of minor esophageal peristaltic disorders. However, the treatments for these minor disorders are limited and the role of prokinetics has been controversial. This study evaluates the effect of mosapride in patients with minor peristaltic disorde...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm19062
更新日期:2020-04-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Transient lower esophageal sphincter relaxation (TLESR) is the main mechanism of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). The aim of this study was to investigate the characteristics of transient lower esophageal sphincter movement in patients with or without gastroesophageal reflux by high-resolution ma...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm.2013.19.3.332
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND/AIMS:Several motility disorders are associated with disruption of interstitial cells of Cajal (ICC), which provide important functions, such as pacemaker activity, mediation of neural inputs and responses to stretch in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract. Restoration of ICC networks may be therapeutic for GI mot...
journal_title:Journal of neurogastroenterology and motility
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.5056/jnm14026
更新日期:2014-07-31 00:00:00