Abstract：
:Recent work concerned with the mechanism underlying the development of organophosphorous compound-induced delayed neurotoxicity (OPIDN) is reviewed. Topics covered include the prophylaxis of OPIDN by phenylmethylsulfonyl fluoride and other agents, neurotoxic esterase (NTE) as measured using either labelled di-isopropyl phosphorofluoridate or an esterase assay, and the relationship between NTE and the development of OPIDN. There is considerable evidence that NTE has the biochemical properties which should be expected for the initiation site for OPIDN. However, the in vitro assays as currently performed may not entirely reflect the behavior of organophosphorous compounds in vivo, or the assays may not be sensitive enough to identify the actual target. It is argued that prophylaxis is a distinguishing characteristic of OPIDN which is not necessarily related to NTE inhibition, although it does provide evidence that NTE is involved. It is concluded that the NTE hypothesis could be furthered by additional studies with peripheral nerve, more sensitive methods for the detection of potential binding sites, and the establishment of a physiological role for NTE which relates it to the neuropathy.
journal_name
Arch Toxicoljournal_title
Archives of toxicologyauthors
Carrington CDdoi
10.1007/BF00316365subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1989-01-01 00:00:00pages
165-72issue
3eissn
0340-5761issn
1432-0738journal_volume
63pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Dorsal root ganglia from control and methylmercury (MeHg)-treated rats were incubated in vitro with 35S-methionine ant the proteins synthesized were analyzed by two-dimensional electrophoresis. The double labelling method, in which proteins of control dorsal root ganglia labelled in vitro with 3H-leucine were added to...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316373
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is estimated that only a few marketed drugs are able to directly induce liver steatosis. However, many other drugs may exacerbate or precipitate fatty liver in the presence of other risk factors or in patients prone to non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. On the other hand, current in vitro tests for drug-induced ste...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-014-1197-7
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:As part of a study on cadmium nephrotoxicity, we studied the effect of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) in isolated human renal proximal tubules metabolizing the physiological substrate lactate. Dose-effect experiments showed that 10-500 μM CdCl2 reduced lactate removal, glucose production and the cellular levels of ATP, coen...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-010-0633-6
更新日期：2011-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Blooms of cyanobacteria have been documented throughout history, all over the world. Mass populations of these organisms typically present hazards to human health and are known for the production of a wide range of highly toxic metabolites-cyanotoxins, of which among the most common and most investigated are the micro...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-016-1921-6
更新日期：2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The reversibility of quinolone-induced cartilage lesions has not been studied in detail. We treated five groups of five to seven juvenile Wistar rats (male and female; age: 5 weeks) with 2 x 600 mg ofloxacin/kg by gastric intubation on 1 day only (9:00 a.m. and 5:00 p.m.) and studied the knee joints histologically 3 d...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040050301
更新日期：1996-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The disposition, elimination, and metabolism of 50 mg/kg (1.36 muCi/animal) of tri-o-cresyl [phenyl-U-14C] phosphate after ten daily oral doses was investigated in adult male Fischer 344 rats. Groups of three treated animals were killed at intervals of 24, 48, 72, and 96 h after the last administrations. Generally, th...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01971837
更新日期：1990-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Male F344/DuCrj (Fischer) rats were given bisphenol A (BPA) in the diet at levels of 0 (control), 0.25, 0.50 and 1.00%, equivalent to 0, 235, 466 and 950 mg/kg per day, respectively, for 44 days. Body weight gains were depressed dose-dependently in BPA-treated rats, and those of 0.50 and 1.00% groups were significant....
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040000204
更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cocaine is an intrinsic hepatotoxin in laboratory animals, and there is growing evidence that high doses of cocaine can precipitate hepatic necrosis in humans. The rodent model of cocaine hepatotoxicity is commensurate with the concept that a multistep mainly cytochrome P-450 dependent N-oxidative pathway is responsib...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/BF02284256
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) caused a dose-dependent increase in urinary taurine which correlated with both the histological and biochemical assessment of liver damage. The peak elevation in urinary taurine occurred within the first 48 h after dosing but there was still significant taurinuria 72 and 96 h after the inte...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01973715
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review summarises the current state of knowledge regarding the physiology and control of production of thyroid hormones, the effects of chemicals in perturbing their synthesis and release that result in thyroid cancer. It does not consider the potential neurodevelopmental consequences of low thyroid hormones. The...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-020-02961-6
更新日期：2021-01-05 00:00:00
abstract：: ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 评论,信件
doi：10.1007/s00204-018-2310-0
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Membrane transporters play an important role in the absorption, distribution, metabolism and excretion of drugs. The cellular accumulation of many drugs is the result of the net function of efflux and influx transporters. Efflux transporters such as P-glycoprotein/ABCB1 have been shown to confer multidrug resistance i...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-019-02417-6
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:People living in damp buildings are typically exposed to spore and mycelial fragments of the fungi that grow on damp building materials. There is experimental evidence that this exposure to triple-helical (1, 3)-β-D glucan and low molecular weight toxins may be associated with non-atopic asthma observed in damp and mo...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1042-4
更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gebel (In Arch Toxicol 87(5):923-924, 2013) replied to my Letter to the Editor (Morfeld in Arch Toxicol 87(5):921, 2013) in which I criticized the quantitative review of inhalation rat studies on the association of granular biopersistent dust exposures and lung cancer risk (Gebel in Arch Toxicol 86(7):995-1007, 2012)....
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 评论,信件
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1138-x
更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cytotoxic effects of cyclophosphamide (CPA), paclitaxel (PCT), and docetaxel (DTX) and their modulation by cytochrome P450 (CYP) metabolism were studied by incubating cell lines L929 and P388D1 with or without rat liver microsomes. The microsomes themselves were not cytotoxic. P388D1 cells were more sensitive to CPA, ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s002040000141
更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：UNLABELLED:An overdose of acetaminophen (APAP) causes hepatotoxicity due to its metabolite, N-acetyl-p-benzoquinone imine. NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1) is an important enzyme for detoxification, because it catabolizes endogenous/exogenous quinone to hydroquinone. Although various studies have suggested the ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-014-1340-5
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic exposure to carbon disulfide (CS2) can induce polyneuropathy in occupational worker and experimental animals, but underlying mechanism for CS2 neurotoxicity is currently unknown. In the present study, male Wistar rats were randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group. The rats in two exp...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-008-0399-2
更新日期：2009-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human precision-cut liver slices (hPCLS) are a valuable ex vivo model that can be used in acute toxicity studies. However, a rapid decline in metabolic enzyme activity limits their use in studies that require a prolonged xenobiotic exposure. The aim of the study was to extend the viability and function of hPCLS to 5 d...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-016-1865-x
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Group means from nerve conduction studies of persons exposed to lead were used in a meta-analysis. Differences between the control and exposed groups, and the slopes between nerve conduction measurements and log(10) blood lead concentrations were estimated using mixed models. Conduction velocity was reduced in the med...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,meta分析
doi：10.1007/s00204-008-0292-z
更新日期：2008-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this review, we introduce a new concept, precision toxicology: the mode of action of chemical- or drug-induced toxicity can be sensitively and specifically investigated by isolating a small group of cells or even a single cell with typical phenotype of interest followed by a single cell sequencing-based analysis. P...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1007/s00204-017-1971-4
更新日期：2017-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diet is directly related with physiological alterations occurring at a cell and subcellular level. However, the role of diet manipulation on mitochondrial physiology is still largely unexplored. Aiming at correlating diet with alterations of mitochondrial membrane composition and bioenergetics, Wistar-Han male rats we...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-013-1068-7
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Sulfur mustard (SM) is a bifunctional alkylating agent. Its primary toxic consequence is severe skin damage with blisters, occurring after skin contact. These vesicant properties of SM have been linked to cell death of proliferating keratinocytes in the basal layer of the skin. Catalytic activation of the nuclear enzy...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-007-0265-7
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The kinetic analysis of esterase inhibition by acylating compounds (organophosphorus carbamates and sulfonyl fluorides) is sometimes unable to yield consistent results by fitting simple inhibition kinetic models to experimental data of complex systems. In this work, kinetic data were obtained for phenylmethylsulfonyl ...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-012-0817-3
更新日期：2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Certain populations of the mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis) are highly resistant to cyclodiene and cyclodiene-type insecticides that competitively interact with the picrotoxinin binding site of the gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) receptor-ionophore complex in the central nervous system. Resistance involves a reduction i...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00332493
更新日期：1988-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Female Wistar rats were treated with various doses of progesterone orally via the diet or via the SC route. Oral treatment resulted in enhanced progesterone levels in the liver as measured by radioimmunoassay. There were up to 3-fold increases in activity of ethylmorphine demethylation by isolated microsomes; metaboli...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00316323
更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) is a versatile organic solvent frequently used for surface cleaning such as paint stripping or graffiti removal. Liquid NMP is rapidly absorbed through the skin but dermal vapour phase absorption might also play an important role for the uptake of the solvent. This particular aspect was in...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-007-0230-5
更新日期：2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of perfusion with a medium containing 12 or 24 micrograms Cadmium (as CdCl2) per ml on this metal's accumulation, transfer rate and metallothionein (MT) level. The experiments were performed with an isolated lobule of a dually-perfused human term placenta....
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF01968966
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Carbon tetrachloride-induced liver injury is a thoroughly studied model for regeneration and fibrosis in rodents. Nevertheless, its pattern of liver fibrosis is frequently misinterpreted as portal type. To clarify this, we show that collagen type IV+ "streets" and α-SMA+ cells accumulate pericentrally and extend to ne...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-017-2040-8
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The effects of acetaldehyde (ACD) on dopamine (DA) and DA-derived salsolinol (SAL) levels were investigated in the striatum of freely moving rats. Dialysate levels of DA and SAL were determined using in vivo reverse microdialysis coupled with high-performance liquid chromatography with an electrochemical detector. Per...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/s00204-006-0131-z
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanical properties of the bones of young, adult and old rats administered various concentrations of cadmium were measured to prove the direct effect of cadmium on the bones of young rats. The young rats were divided into three subgroups, which were administered 0 (control), 5 and 10 ppm cadmium, respectively. T...
journal_title：Archives of toxicology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1007/BF00278646
更新日期：1989-01-01 00:00:00
