Abstract:
:Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is traditionally regarded as a monophasic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system occurring in children after infection or vaccination. ADEM in children has a polysymptomatic presentation that includes encephalopathy, fever and meningeal signs. In adults, encephalopathy is less frequent and the clinical presentation is usually dominated by long tract involvement. Despite the initial clinical severity, the functional outcome is favorable in most cases. ADEM is a subgroup within the broader spectrum of postinfectious neurological syndromes (PINSs), which includes variants characterized by additional peripheral nervous system involvement, and variants characterized by a relapsing or chronic progressive course. The literature on the matter is scarce, mostly consisting of retrospective studies. The aims of this paper are to review the clinical and paraclinical profile of ADEM and its variants, to identify potential predictors of outcome, to summarize current treatment strategies and to outline research perspectives.
journal_name
Expert Rev Neurotherjournal_title
Expert review of neurotherapeuticsauthors
Berzero G,Cortese A,Ravaglia S,Marchioni Edoi
10.1586/14737175.2015.1126510subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-01-01 00:00:00pages
83-101issue
1eissn
1473-7175issn
1744-8360journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder (ASD) commonly co-occur. With the DSM-5, clinicians are permitted to make an ASD diagnosis in the context of ADHD. In earlier versions of the DSM, this was not acceptable. Both ASD and ADHD are reported to have had substantial increases in pr...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737175.2016.1146591
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Pharmacotherapy, psychotherapy and other nonpharmacological interventions are used in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD). However, 50% of the patients with MDD fail to achieve a response to first-line antidepressant treatment. In four of five acute monotherapy studies, once-daily extended-release quetiapine...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2013.846520
更新日期:2013-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:The role of EEG in neonatal seizure detection is well-established, being the multichannel video-EEG the gold standard. However, in the clinical practice often amplitude integrated EEG (aEEG) is used, in order to overcome the difficulties related to EEG use. Areas covered: An overview regarding neonatal sei...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737175.2018.1413352
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cerebral folate deficiency is defined as any neurological condition associated with low cerebrospinal fluid folate concentrations. It is becoming increasingly associated with several neurological diseases, either genetic or environmental. Treatment of cerebral folate deficiency by folate supplementation is generally e...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2015.1055322
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The third part of this in-depth review series on the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) with monoclonal antibodies covers the years 2010-2012. The natalizumab section gives a progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy update, focusing on clinically relevant aspects. Furthermore, it outlines problems around natalizum...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.13.17
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of: Brower KJ, McCammon RJ, Wojnar M, Ilgen MA, Wojnar J, Valenstein M. Prescription sleeping pills, insomnia, and suicidality in the National Comorbidity Survey Replication. J. Clin. Psychiatry DOI: 10.4088/JCP.09m05484gry (2010) (Epub ahead of print). Several studies have investigated the association betw...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/ern.11.9
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This discussion will focus on defining the standard of care for neoplastic meningitis, including: What is the role of radiation therapy? What are first-line pharmacotherapeutic agents? Is combination therapy useful? What is the role of corticosteroids? ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.4.4.S11
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The risk of recurrent stroke following transient ischemic attack or minor stroke has recently been shown to be 5-10% at 1 week and 10-20% at 3 months, depending on study population and methods. This is considerably higher than previously estimated and current clinical guidelines reflect the need for rapid assessment a...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.5.2.203
更新日期:2005-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The saga of harmful administration of levodopa (LD) in the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) resulted from outcomes of animal trials and cell culture studies. They were initiated after the clinical observation of onset of motor complications related to the short plasma half-life of the drug in PD patients. This di...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.8.6.957
更新日期:2008-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Millions of people worldwide suffer from diseases that result from a failure of central pathways to regulate behavioral and physiological processes. Advances in genetics and pharmacology have already allowed us to appreciate that rather than this dysregulation being systemic throughout the brain, it is usually rooted ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.948850
更新日期:2014-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence rate of chronic pain is 15% to 25% in adults while the therapeutic arsenal is still insufficient, especially in relieving neuropathic pain. Peripheral pain transmission is conducted by the small Aδ and C sensory nerve fibres. They express elements from the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), a ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2016.1150179
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Neuroblastoma is a neuroectodermal tumor of childhood with poor prognosis and low survival in patients with advanced-stage disease who respond to conventional therapies but unfortunately, often present relapse. Therefore, the search for novel therapeutic strategies is warranted and represents the objective of many inv...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.4.509
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Irreversible disability is the critical long-term consequence of multiple sclerosis (MS). While there are well-established measures for disability in MS, they have limitations that may affect our perception of disease progression either due to the empirical nature of some assessments or the lack of validation with lon...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.869478
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glatiramer acetate (GA; Copaxone(®), Teva Pharmaceuticals Inc.), approved in the USA in 1996 and EU in 2001 as first-line treatment for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, is now available in 51 countries and recently gained approval for delaying conversion to clinically definite multiple sclerosis in patients wit...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.12.25
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Gait and balance impairments are common in many neurological disorders and among the elderly, are often difficult to treat, and have a significant effect on quality of life. Areas covered: Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) technologies have been recognized for their therapeutic potential in various neu...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737175.2019.1564042
更新日期:2019-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The American Academy of Neurology is an international professional organization of more than 22,000 neurologists and neuroscience professionals. This year the annual meeting was held in Toronto, ON, Canada. A large number of scientific sessions presented numerous advances in the diagnosis, molecular pathogenesis and t...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type:
doi:10.1586/ern.10.98
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Babies born to mothers exposed to antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are at increased risk for major congenital malformations, cognitive impairment and fetal death. For the millions of women with epilepsy, maintaining the safest drug that will successfully prevent seizures during pregnancy remains a primary consideration. The...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.7.1077
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become a standard therapy for the treatment of select cases of medication refractory essential tremor and Parkinson's disease however the effectiveness and long-term outcomes of DBS in other uncommon and complex tremor syndromes has not been well established. Traditionally,...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1080/14737175.2016.1194756
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gliomas constitute the most frequent and malignant primary brain tumors. Current standard therapeutic strategies (surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapeutics, e.g., temozolomide, carmustin or carboplatin) for their treatment are only palliative and survival diagnosis is normally 6-12 months. The development of new the...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.8.1.37
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a highly heritable condition that affects a significant number of children and adults worldwide. During the past 30 years, the diagnosis and treatment of ADHD has relied on clinical assessment and empirical experience with stimulant medications. More recently, advance...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.7.4.351
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::With the development of new immunomodulating therapies, with which early use is strongly encouraged, it is crucial to be in possession of reliable clinical predictors of multiple sclerosis evolution. Prognostic factors are important to patients wanting to be informed about their prospects; to the clinician needing to ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.6.3.357
更新日期:2006-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiation-induced gliomas represent a relatively rare but an extensively published entity in the neuro-oncologic literature. Extensive retrospective cohort data in pediatric populations after therapeutic intracranial radiation show an increased risk in glioma incidence that is both patient age- and radiation dose/volu...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/pmic.200800802
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Translation of the analgesic efficacy of investigational neurotherapeutics from pre-clinical pain models into clinical trial phases is associated with a high risk of failure. Application of human pain biomarkers in early stages of clinical trials can potentially enhance the rate of successful translation, which would ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.2014.884925
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of stem cell therapy for Parkinson's disease is to reconstruct nigro-striatal neuronal pathways using endogenous neural stem/precursor cells or grafted dopaminergic neurons. As an alternative, transplantation of stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons into the striatum has been attempted, with the aim of stimul...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.7.6.667
更新日期:2007-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cognitive dysfunction (CD) affects 40-65% of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and can have a great functional impact. It can be detected in all the disease phenotypes from the early stages of the disease and tends to progress over time. Memory, complex attention, information processing speed and executive functions ar...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.8.10.1585
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This article reviews the potential uses of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) techniques for individuals with mood disorders. Mood disorders are among the most prevalent mental health issues today and there are many approaches towards their management. While many different types of medication are available, ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.11.77
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the last two decades clinicians have become increasingly aware of the frequency, importance and functional impact of cognitive dysfunction in multiple sclerosis. There is, however, a dearth of research in this area. In order to further progress in the field of neuropsychological diagnosis it is essential to validat...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1586/14737175.2.5.731
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a common psychiatric disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention, hyperactivity and impulsivity. There is an ongoing discussion whether symptoms of emotional dysregulation should be added to the conceptualization of ADHD in order to describe the psychopathology ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.12.109
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Central nervous system idiopathic inflammatory demyelinating disorders are a heterogenous group of diseases that share inflammation and demyelination as key features. Although the exact pathophysiology remains to be fully unveiled, these conditions are challenging to clinicians who seek specific therapeutic options fo...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/ern.12.101
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Evaluation of: Segal BM, Constantinescu CS, Raychaudhuri A et al. Repeated subcutaneous injections of IL12/23 p40 neutralising antibody, ustekinumab, in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis: a Phase II, double-blind, placebo-controlled, randomized, dose-ranging study. Lancet Neurol. 7, 796-804 (2008). ...
journal_title:Expert review of neurotherapeutics
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1586/14737175.9.3.319
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00