Abstract:
:Three pigeons were trained to remember arrays of 2-6 colored squares and detect which of two squares had changed color to test their visual short-term memory. Procedures (e.g., stimuli, displays, viewing times, delays) were similar to those used to test monkeys and humans. Following extensive training, pigeons performed slightly better than similarly trained monkeys, but both animal species were considerably less accurate than humans with the same array sizes (2, 4 and 6 items). Pigeons and monkeys showed calculated memory capacities of one item or less, whereas humans showed a memory capacity of 2.5 items. Despite the differences in calculated memory capacities, the pigeons' memory results, like those from monkeys and humans, were all well characterized by an inverse power-law function fit to d' values for the five display sizes. This characterization provides a simple, straightforward summary of the fundamental processing of visual short-term memory (how visual short-term memory declines with memory load) that emphasizes species similarities based upon similar functional relationships. By closely matching pigeon testing parameters to those of monkeys and humans, these similar functional relationships suggest similar underlying processes of visual short-term memory in pigeons, monkeys and humans.
journal_name
Behav Processesjournal_title
Behavioural processesauthors
Wright AA,Elmore LCdoi
10.1016/j.beproc.2015.09.002subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-02-01 00:00:00pages
84-9eissn
0376-6357issn
1872-8308pii
S0376-6357(15)30032-2journal_volume
123pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Here we describe the modification and use of a new tool type in the woodpecker finch (Cactospiza pallida). This species is known to habitually use twigs or cactus spines to extract arthropods out of tree holes. We observed an adult and a juvenile bird using several barbed twigs from introduced blackberry bushes (Rubus...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.10.016
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Research on the inhibition of learned fear currently relies almost exclusively on one specific procedure, namely extinction of the conditioned stimulus (CS). Importantly, however, learned fear responses can be reduced by a number of other procedures, including habituation of the unconditioned stimulus (US). We recentl...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2012.03.007
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::One of the main factors that allow the red squirrel (Sciurus vulgaris) to live in cities may be the availability of supplemental food provided by people. In this article, preferences of red squirrels in relation to supplemental food, how it is handled, and whether change seasonally, is investigated. A cafeteria test w...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104153
更新日期:2020-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Laboratory studies of scatter hoarding birds have become a model system for spatial memory studies. Considering that such birds are known to have a good spatial memory, recovery success in lab studies seems low. In parids (titmice and chickadees) typically ranging between 25 and 60% if five seeds are cached in 50-128 ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2013.03.009
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Giant African pouched rats (Cricetomys ansorgei) have been employed successfully in two operational tuberculosis-detection projects in which they sniff sputum samples from symptomatic individuals who have visited tuberculosis clinics. The prevalence of pulmonary tuberculosis in this population is high, approximately 2...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2017.05.015
更新日期:2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of environment on the maturation of sand digging behaviour in cuttlefish was studied. Sand digging behaviour of cuttlefish individually reared on sand was daily observed in their rearing tanks (first study). Other cuttlefish were individually reared from hatching to 2 weeks of life in different conditions (...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2004.04.006
更新日期:2004-09-30 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was performed to investigate whether and how pre-exposure to an object affects subsequent filial imprinting to that object. In Experiment 1 junglefowl chicks (Gallus gallus spadiceus) were first exposed to either a red object alone (control group), or a red and a yellow object simultaneously (experim...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(96)00011-3
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of tool or tool-like food processing behaviours can render animals vulnerable to theft (kleptoparasitism) because (1) large, nutritious items are usually involved, (2) value is added to the food due to long and/or complex handling, and (3) physical control of items is often temporarily lost during handling. In...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2006.08.006
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::For food-hoarding strategies to be maintained in a population, the benefits of hoarding must outweigh the costs. If rewards are too low to offset the costs of hoarding, hoarders might be expected to abandon hoarding and/or shift to an alternative storing strategy (e.g., increase food consumption). However the ability ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.04.005
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dog cognition research tends to rely on behavioural response, which can be confounded by obedience or motivation, as the primary means of indexing dog cognitive abilities. A physiological method of measuring dog cognitive processing would be instructive and could complement behavioural response. Electroencephalogram (...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.09.009
更新日期:2012-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two experiments were conducted in which pigeons were trained to perform a complex operant consisting of a peck to one key followed by a peck to another key. In the first experment this performance was reinforced on a variable-interval schedule and the birds were then subjected to a multiple schedule in which the varia...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(87)90072-6
更新日期:1987-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Many studies have suggested that non-human primates have good individual recognition abilities, that social stimuli can serve as discriminative stimuli in learning tests and that visual access to social objects or events can be a reinforcer for operant behaviour. Intensified research efforts comparing the effectivenes...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(97)00074-0
更新日期:1998-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Kin recognition requires the ability to discriminate between one's own genetic relatives and non-relatives. There are two mechanisms that aid in kin discrimination: phenotype matching and familiarity. Dogs may be a good model for assessing these mechanisms as dogs are a promiscuous social species with a keen sense of ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2015.08.004
更新日期:2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Most studies of mate choice have focused on female preference for male traits because it is generally assumed that since males provide less parental investment they are not choosy. However, if males suffer missed opportunity costs by mating with lower quality females, selection should favor males with the ability to d...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2009.05.001
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recently, Hursh and Silberberg (2008) have advanced a behavior-economic approach to measure the value of reinforcers, in which demand elasticity is measured relative to the point at which price is zero, a technique that allows for comparisons across reinforcers that show different consumption patterns or across differ...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2011.01.007
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::We studied seasonal habitat use of female, mixed-sex and male groups in a free-ranging mouflon (Ovis gmelini) population. The three group types differed in the use of the five different habitats (forests, broom moorlands, heather moorlands, meadows and rocky areas) only in spring (lambing period) and in autumn (ruttin...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(97)00033-8
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We analyzed the temporal pattern of conditioned suppression of lever-pressing for food in rats conditioned with tone-shock pairings using either a 10 or 15s conditioned stimulus (CS)-unconditioned stimulus (US) interval with a CS duration that was three times the CS-US interval. The analysis of average suppression and...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2016.01.003
更新日期:2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Learning in conditioning protocols has long been thought to depend on temporal contiguity between the conditioned stimulus and the unconditioned stimulus. This conceptualization has led to a preponderance of associative models of conditioning. We suggest that trial-based associative models that posit contiguity as the...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2013.01.005
更新日期:2013-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of anesthesia (Ketaset-Rompun) interpolated between the conditioned stimulus (CS) and unconditioned stimulus (US) during long-trace taste-aversion conditioning in rats was examined in three experiments. In Experiment 1, rats that were anesthetized immediately after experiencing a saccharin solution formed a...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2003.09.001
更新日期:2004-02-27 00:00:00
abstract::In an elevated maze consisting of three reconvergent radial arms, golden hamsters were tested with the same experimental rule: to choose each path without repeating any choice. However, variations of procedure concerning (a) the location of the reward in the maze, and (b) reinforcement contingencies, were introduced i...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(82)90007-9
更新日期:1982-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::When competing for mates, males typically exhibit higher rates of intrasexual aggression and courtship than females. Operational sex ratio, represented here by adult sex ratio (ASR) as a proxy, is likely the best predictor of this competition, which typically increases between members of one sex as members of the oppo...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2016.05.001
更新日期:2016-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vocal individual identification has been demonstrated in many animals, with discriminant function analysis (DFA) and spectrographic cross-correlation (SPCC) being the two most frequent methods. Successful vocal individual identification requires high among-individual differences and within-individual stability over ti...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2020.104063
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Forced Swimming Test (FST) models behavioural despair in animals by loss of motivation to respond or the refusal to escape. The present study characterizes the behavioural responses of 12-month-old male 3xTg-AD mice in FST as compared to age-matched no-transgenic (NTg) mice. Paradoxical results were consistently found...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2014.05.001
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although it is well documented that testosterone (T) is an important mediator in the regulation of behaviour in male vertebrates, its functional significance in females is less understood. Experimentally increased T in adult female birds has been found to have both advantageous and detrimental effects on behaviour and...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2009.07.012
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Variation of reproductive success, an important determinant of the opportunity for sexual selection, is an outcome of competition within one sex for mating with members of the other sex. In promiscuous species, males typically compete for access to females, and their reproductive strategies are strongly related to the...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2010.08.005
更新日期:2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The influences of the mu blocker naloxone and the novel opioid delta receptor antagonist ICI, 154, 129 on videotaped encounters between individually-housed, male Swiss mice and anosmic male 'standard opponents' were assessed using a variety of ethological analyses. The effects of drugs were studied on individual eleme...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(85)90035-X
更新日期:1985-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two groups of pigeons learned a two key conditional discrimination. Color was the conditional stimulus and form the choice stimulus for subjects in one group. Form was the conditional stimulus and color the choice stimulus in the other group. Half the subjects in each group then underwent an intradimensional shift: Th...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(89)90011-9
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::To cope with the variable environment, animals are continuously required to learn novel behaviours or, in certain cases, to inhibit automatic and previously learned behaviours. Traditionally, inhibition has been regarded as cognitively demanding and studied mostly in primates, other mammals and birds, using laboratory...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.beproc.2019.04.011
更新日期:2019-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The electroretinogram (ERG) was used to measure the flicker-fusion frequencies of Rana lessonae, Bufo bufo and Bombina bombina over the temperature range 5-25°C. In all three species the fusion frequency increased with increasing temperature. In the intermediate range of temperatures, the fusion frequencies of Rana le...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/0376-6357(78)90017-7
更新日期:1978-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::For drug-dependent individuals, drugs of abuse that are delayed in time are discounted more steeply than money delayed in time in a hypothetical choice task. The reasons for this finding are not clear. This study examined whether steep discounting of drugs relative to money might be related to the function of drugs as...
journal_title:Behavioural processes
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/s0376-6357(03)00145-1
更新日期:2003-10-31 00:00:00